{"id":805,"date":"2020-05-02T10:39:26","date_gmt":"2020-05-02T10:39:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/reefspecies.com\/moalboal\/?post_type=product&#038;p=805"},"modified":"2020-05-06T03:48:24","modified_gmt":"2020-05-06T03:48:24","slug":"coral-grouper","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/reefspecies.com\/moalboal\/species\/coral-grouper\/","title":{"rendered":"Coral grouper"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"rdp-we-main\" data-resource=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Grouper\">\n<div id=\"rdp-we-mw-aria-live-region\" class=\"mw-aria-live-region\" aria-live=\"polite\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"vector-header-container\">\n\t<header class=\"vector-header mw-header no-font-mode-scale\">\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-header-start\">\n\t\t\t<nav class=\"vector-main-menu-landmark\" aria-label=\"Site\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-main-menu-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right\"  title=\"Main menu\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"rdp-we-vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox\"  aria-label=\"Main menu\"  >\n\t<label id=\"rdp-we-vector-main-menu-dropdown-label\" for=\"vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only\" aria-hidden=\"true\"  ><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu\"><\/span>\n\n<span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">Main menu<\/span>\n\t<\/label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-main-menu-unpinned-container\" class=\"vector-unpinned-container\">\n\t\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-main-menu\" class=\"vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element\">\n\t<div\n\tclass=\"vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned\"\n\tdata-feature-name=\"main-menu-pinned\"\n\tdata-pinnable-element-id=\"vector-main-menu\"\n\tdata-pinned-container-id=\"vector-main-menu-pinned-container\"\n\tdata-unpinned-container-id=\"vector-main-menu-unpinned-container\"\n>\n\t<div class=\"vector-pinnable-header-label\">Main menu<\/div>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin\">move to sidebar<\/button>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin\">hide<\/button>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-navigation\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation\"  >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-heading\">\n\t\tNavigation\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-n-mainpage-description\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Main_Page\" title=\"Visit the main page [z]\" accesskey=\"z\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Main page<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-n-contents\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Contents\" title=\"Guides to browsing Wikipedia\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Contents<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-n-currentevents\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portal:Current_events\" title=\"Articles related to current events\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Current events<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-n-randompage\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><span>Random article<\/span><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-n-aboutsite\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:About\" title=\"Learn about Wikipedia and how it works\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>About Wikipedia<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-n-contactpage\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Contact_us\" title=\"How to contact Wikipedia\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Contact us<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-interaction\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction\"  >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-heading\">\n\t\tContribute\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-n-help\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:Contents\" title=\"Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Help<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-n-introduction\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:Introduction\" title=\"Learn how to edit Wikipedia\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Learn to edit<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-n-portal\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Community_portal\" title=\"The hub for editors\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Community portal<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-n-recentchanges\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><span>Recent changes<\/span><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-n-upload\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard\" title=\"Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Upload file<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-n-specialpages\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><span>Special pages<\/span><\/li>\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\n<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Main_Page\" class=\"mw-logo wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">\n\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"mw-logo-icon\" src=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/static\/images\/icons\/enwiki-25.svg\" alt=\"\" aria-hidden=\"true\" height=\"50\" width=\"50\">\n\t<span class=\"mw-logo-container skin-invert\">\n\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"mw-logo-wordmark\" alt=\"Wikipedia\" src=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/static\/images\/mobile\/copyright\/wikipedia-wordmark-en-25.svg\" style=\"width: 8.75em; height: 1.375em;\">\n\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"mw-logo-tagline\" alt=\"The Free Encyclopedia\" src=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/static\/images\/mobile\/copyright\/wikipedia-tagline-en-25.svg\" width=\"140\" height=\"11\" style=\"width: 8.75em; height: 0.6875em;\">\n\t<\/span>\n<\/a>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-header-end\">\n\t\t\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-search\" role=\"search\" class=\"vector-search-box-vue  vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box\">\n\t<span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search\"><\/span>\n\n<span>Search<\/span>\n\t\n\t<div class=\"vector-typeahead-search-container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width\">\n\t\t\t<form action=\"\/w\/index.php\" id=\"rdp-we-searchform\" class=\"cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button\">\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-simpleSearch\" class=\"cdx-search-input__input-wrapper\"  data-search-loc=\"header-moved\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<input\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"cdx-text-input__input mw-searchInput\" autocomplete=\"off\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t type=\"search\" name=\"search\" placeholder=\"Search Wikipedia\" aria-label=\"Search Wikipedia\" autocapitalize=\"none\" spellcheck=\"false\" title=\"Search Wikipedia [f]\" accesskey=\"f\" id=\"rdp-we-searchInput\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"title\" value=\"Special:Search\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<button class=\"cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button\">Search<\/button>\n\t\t\t<\/form>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t<nav class=\"vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide\" aria-label=\"Personal tools\">\n\t<div class=\"vector-user-links-main\">\n\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-vector-user-menu-preferences\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet\"  >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-vector-user-menu-userpage\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet\"  >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t<nav class=\"vector-appearance-landmark\" aria-label=\"Appearance\">\n\t\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-appearance-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown\"  title=\"Change the appearance of the page&#039;s font size, width, and color\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"rdp-we-vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox\"  aria-label=\"Appearance\"  >\n\t<label id=\"rdp-we-vector-appearance-dropdown-label\" for=\"vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only\" aria-hidden=\"true\"  ><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance\"><\/span>\n\n<span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">Appearance<\/span>\n\t<\/label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-appearance-unpinned-container\" class=\"vector-unpinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t<\/nav>\n\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-vector-user-menu-notifications\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet\"  >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-vector-user-menu-overflow\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet\"  >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-pt-sitesupport-2\" class=\"mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item\"><a data-mw-interface href=\"https:\/\/donate.wikimedia.org\/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en\" class=\" wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Donate<\/span><\/a>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-pt-createaccount-2\" class=\"mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item\"><span>Create account<\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-pt-login-2\" class=\"mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item\"><span>Log in<\/span>\n<\/li>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-user-links-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out user-links-collapsible-item\"  title=\"Log in and more options\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"rdp-we-vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox\"  aria-label=\"Personal tools\"  >\n\t<label id=\"rdp-we-vector-user-links-dropdown-label\" for=\"vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only\" aria-hidden=\"true\"  ><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis\"><\/span>\n\n<span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">Personal tools<\/span>\n\t<\/label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-personal\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item\"  title=\"User menu\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-pt-sitesupport\" class=\"mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item\"><a data-mw-interface href=\"https:\/\/donate.wikimedia.org\/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en\" class=\" wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-heart mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-heart\"><\/span>\n\n<span>Donate<\/span><\/a>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-pt-createaccount\" class=\"mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item\"><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd\"><\/span>\n\n<span>Create account<\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-pt-login\" class=\"mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item\"><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn\"><\/span>\n\n<span>Log in<\/span>\n<\/li>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/nav>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/header>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mw-page-container\">\n\t<div class=\"mw-page-container-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-sitenotice-container\">\n\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-siteNotice\"><!-- CentralNotice --><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-column-start\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-main-menu-container\">\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-sticky-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<nav id=\"rdp-we-mw-panel-toc\" aria-label=\"Contents\" data-event-name=\"ui.sidebar-toc\" class=\"mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-toc-pinned-container\" class=\"vector-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-toc\" class=\"vector-toc vector-pinnable-element\">\n\t<div\n\tclass=\"vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned\"\n\tdata-feature-name=\"toc-pinned\"\n\tdata-pinnable-element-id=\"vector-toc\"\n\tdata-pinned-container-id=\"vector-toc-pinned-container\"\n\tdata-unpinned-container-id=\"vector-toc-unpinned-container\"\n>\n\t<h2 class=\"vector-pinnable-header-label\">Contents<\/h2>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin\">move to sidebar<\/button>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin\">hide<\/button>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\t<ul class=\"vector-toc-contents\" id=\"rdp-we-mw-panel-toc-list\">\n\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-mw-content-text\"\n\t\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"#\" class=\"vector-toc-link\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">(Top)<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-Description\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Description\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">1<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Description<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-Description-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-Systematics\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Systematics\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">2<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Systematics<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t<button aria-controls=\"toc-Systematics-sublist\" class=\"cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Toggle Systematics subsection<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-Systematics-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-Etymology\"\n\t\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Etymology\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">2.1<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span>Etymology<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-Etymology-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-Classification\"\n\t\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Classification\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">2.2<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span>Classification<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-Classification-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n\t<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-Reproduction\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Reproduction\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">3<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Reproduction<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-Reproduction-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-Parasites\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Parasites\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">4<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Parasites<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-Parasites-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-Modern_use\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Modern_use\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">5<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Modern use<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-Modern_use-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-Size\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Size\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">6<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Size<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-Size-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-See_also\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#See_also\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">7<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>See also<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-See_also-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-References\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#References\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">8<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>References<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-References-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-External_links\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#External_links\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">9<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>External links<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-External_links-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"mw-content-container\">\n\t\t\t<main id=\"rdp-we-content\" class=\"mw-body\">\n\t\t\t\t<header class=\"mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar no-font-mode-scale\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<nav aria-label=\"Contents\" class=\"vector-toc-landmark\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-page-titlebar-toc\" class=\"vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left\"  title=\"Table of Contents\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"rdp-we-vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox\"  aria-label=\"Toggle the table of contents\"  >\n\t<label id=\"rdp-we-vector-page-titlebar-toc-label\" for=\"vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only\" aria-hidden=\"true\"  ><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet\"><\/span>\n\n<span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">Toggle the table of contents<\/span>\n\t<\/label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container\" class=\"vector-unpinned-container\">\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-lang-btn\" class=\"vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang\"  >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"rdp-we-p-lang-btn-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector\" aria-label=\"Go to an article in another language. Available in 37 languages\"   >\n\t<label id=\"rdp-we-p-lang-btn-label\" for=\"p-lang-btn-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-37\" aria-hidden=\"true\"  ><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive\"><\/span>\n\n<span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">37 languages<\/span>\n\t<\/label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ace.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Geurap%C3%A8e\" title=\"Geurap\u00e8e \u2013 Acehnese\" lang=\"ace\" hreflang=\"ace\" data-title=\"Geurap\u00e8e\" data-language-autonym=\"Ac\u00e8h\" data-language-local-name=\"Acehnese\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Ac\u00e8h<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/af.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Epinephelinae\" title=\"Epinephelinae \u2013 Afrikaans\" lang=\"af\" hreflang=\"af\" data-title=\"Epinephelinae\" data-language-autonym=\"Afrikaans\" data-language-local-name=\"Afrikaans\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Afrikaans<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1_(%D9%81%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A9)\" title=\"\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0631 (\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0629) \u2013 Arabic\" lang=\"ar\" hreflang=\"ar\" data-title=\"\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0631 (\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0629)\" data-language-autonym=\"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\" data-language-local-name=\"Arabic\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ast.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Epinephelinae\" title=\"Epinephelinae \u2013 Asturian\" lang=\"ast\" hreflang=\"ast\" data-title=\"Epinephelinae\" data-language-autonym=\"Asturianu\" data-language-local-name=\"Asturian\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Asturianu<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-bdr mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/bdr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kuapu%27\" title=\"Kuapu&#039; \u2013 West Coast Bajau\" lang=\"bdr\" hreflang=\"bdr\" data-title=\"Kuapu&#039;\" data-language-autonym=\"Bajau Sama\" data-language-local-name=\"West Coast Bajau\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Bajau Sama<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ca.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Epinefelins\" title=\"Epinefelins \u2013 Catalan\" lang=\"ca\" hreflang=\"ca\" data-title=\"Epinefelins\" data-language-autonym=\"Catal\u00e0\" data-language-local-name=\"Catalan\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Catal\u00e0<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zackenbarsche\" title=\"Zackenbarsche \u2013 German\" lang=\"de\" hreflang=\"de\" data-title=\"Zackenbarsche\" data-language-autonym=\"Deutsch\" data-language-local-name=\"German\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Deutsch<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Epinephelinae\" title=\"Epinephelinae \u2013 Spanish\" lang=\"es\" hreflang=\"es\" data-title=\"Epinephelinae\" data-language-autonym=\"Espa\u00f1ol\" data-language-local-name=\"Spanish\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Espa\u00f1ol<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/eu.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mero\" title=\"Mero \u2013 Basque\" lang=\"eu\" hreflang=\"eu\" data-title=\"Mero\" data-language-autonym=\"Euskara\" data-language-local-name=\"Basque\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Euskara<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/fa.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1_(%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%87)\" title=\"\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0631 (\u0633\u0631\u062f\u0647) \u2013 Persian\" lang=\"fa\" hreflang=\"fa\" data-title=\"\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0631 (\u0633\u0631\u062f\u0647)\" data-language-autonym=\"\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc\" data-language-local-name=\"Persian\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Epinephelinae\" title=\"Epinephelinae \u2013 French\" lang=\"fr\" hreflang=\"fr\" data-title=\"Epinephelinae\" data-language-autonym=\"Fran\u00e7ais\" data-language-local-name=\"French\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Fran\u00e7ais<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ga.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gar%C3%BApach\" title=\"Gar\u00fapach \u2013 Irish\" lang=\"ga\" hreflang=\"ga\" data-title=\"Gar\u00fapach\" data-language-autonym=\"Gaeilge\" data-language-local-name=\"Irish\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Gaeilge<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gl.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Epinefelinos\" title=\"Epinefelinos \u2013 Galician\" lang=\"gl\" hreflang=\"gl\" data-title=\"Epinefelinos\" data-language-autonym=\"Galego\" data-language-local-name=\"Galician\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Galego<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/he.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D7%93%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9D\" title=\"\u05d3\u05e7\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u2013 Hebrew\" lang=\"he\" hreflang=\"he\" data-title=\"\u05d3\u05e7\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd\" data-language-autonym=\"\u05e2\u05d1\u05e8\u05d9\u05ea\" data-language-local-name=\"Hebrew\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>\u05e2\u05d1\u05e8\u05d9\u05ea<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/hi.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%9B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80\" title=\"\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0942\u092a\u0930 \u092e\u091b\u0932\u0940 \u2013 Hindi\" lang=\"hi\" hreflang=\"hi\" data-title=\"\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0942\u092a\u0930 \u092e\u091b\u0932\u0940\" data-language-autonym=\"\u0939\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0940\" data-language-local-name=\"Hindi\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>\u0939\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0940<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/hr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Epinephelinae\" title=\"Epinephelinae \u2013 Croatian\" lang=\"hr\" hreflang=\"hr\" data-title=\"Epinephelinae\" data-language-autonym=\"Hrvatski\" data-language-local-name=\"Croatian\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Hrvatski<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/hu.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Epinephelinae\" title=\"Epinephelinae \u2013 Hungarian\" lang=\"hu\" hreflang=\"hu\" data-title=\"Epinephelinae\" data-language-autonym=\"Magyar\" data-language-local-name=\"Hungarian\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Magyar<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/id.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kerapu\" title=\"Kerapu \u2013 Indonesian\" lang=\"id\" hreflang=\"id\" data-title=\"Kerapu\" data-language-autonym=\"Bahasa Indonesia\" data-language-local-name=\"Indonesian\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Bahasa Indonesia<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/it.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Epinephelinae\" title=\"Epinephelinae \u2013 Italian\" lang=\"it\" hreflang=\"it\" data-title=\"Epinephelinae\" data-language-autonym=\"Italiano\" data-language-local-name=\"Italian\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Italiano<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ja.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E3%83%8F%E3%82%BF_(%E9%AD%9A%E9%A1%9E)\" title=\"\u30cf\u30bf (\u9b5a\u985e) \u2013 Japanese\" lang=\"ja\" hreflang=\"ja\" data-title=\"\u30cf\u30bf (\u9b5a\u985e)\" data-language-autonym=\"\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\" data-language-local-name=\"Japanese\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ko.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%EC%B0%B8%EB%B0%94%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%84%EA%B3%BC\" title=\"\ucc38\ubc14\ub9ac\uc544\uacfc \u2013 Korean\" lang=\"ko\" hreflang=\"ko\" data-title=\"\ucc38\ubc14\ub9ac\uc544\uacfc\" data-language-autonym=\"\ud55c\uad6d\uc5b4\" data-language-local-name=\"Korean\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>\ud55c\uad6d\uc5b4<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/la.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Epinephelinae\" title=\"Epinephelinae \u2013 Latin\" lang=\"la\" hreflang=\"la\" data-title=\"Epinephelinae\" data-language-autonym=\"Latina\" data-language-local-name=\"Latin\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Latina<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ms.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kerapu\" title=\"Kerapu \u2013 Malay\" lang=\"ms\" hreflang=\"ms\" data-title=\"Kerapu\" data-language-autonym=\"Bahasa Melayu\" data-language-local-name=\"Malay\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Bahasa Melayu<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/nl.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tandbaarzen\" title=\"Tandbaarzen \u2013 Dutch\" lang=\"nl\" hreflang=\"nl\" data-title=\"Tandbaarzen\" data-language-autonym=\"Nederlands\" data-language-local-name=\"Dutch\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Nederlands<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/no.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Epinephelinae\" title=\"Epinephelinae \u2013 Norwegian Bokm\u00e5l\" lang=\"nb\" hreflang=\"nb\" data-title=\"Epinephelinae\" data-language-autonym=\"Norsk bokm\u00e5l\" data-language-local-name=\"Norwegian Bokm\u00e5l\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Norsk bokm\u00e5l<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pt.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Garoupa\" title=\"Garoupa \u2013 Portuguese\" lang=\"pt\" hreflang=\"pt\" data-title=\"Garoupa\" data-language-autonym=\"Portugu\u00eas\" data-language-local-name=\"Portuguese\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Portugu\u00eas<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/roa-tara.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/C%C3%A8rnje\" title=\"C\u00e8rnje \u2013 Tarantino\" lang=\"nap-x-tara\" hreflang=\"nap-x-tara\" data-title=\"C\u00e8rnje\" data-language-autonym=\"Tarand\u00edne\" data-language-local-name=\"Tarantino\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Tarand\u00edne<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/simple.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Grouper\" title=\"Grouper \u2013 Simple English\" lang=\"en-simple\" hreflang=\"en-simple\" data-title=\"Grouper\" data-language-autonym=\"Simple English\" data-language-local-name=\"Simple English\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Simple English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ta.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE\" title=\"\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bb5\u0bbe \u2013 Tamil\" lang=\"ta\" hreflang=\"ta\" data-title=\"\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bb5\u0bbe\" data-language-autonym=\"\u0ba4\u0bae\u0bbf\u0bb4\u0bcd\" data-language-local-name=\"Tamil\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>\u0ba4\u0bae\u0bbf\u0bb4\u0bcd<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/th.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87\" title=\"\u0e27\u0e07\u0e28\u0e4c\u0e22\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e1b\u0e25\u0e32\u0e01\u0e30\u0e23\u0e31\u0e07 \u2013 Thai\" lang=\"th\" hreflang=\"th\" data-title=\"\u0e27\u0e07\u0e28\u0e4c\u0e22\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e1b\u0e25\u0e32\u0e01\u0e30\u0e23\u0e31\u0e07\" data-language-autonym=\"\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22\" data-language-local-name=\"Thai\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Epinephelinae\" title=\"Epinephelinae \u2013 Turkish\" lang=\"tr\" hreflang=\"tr\" data-title=\"Epinephelinae\" data-language-autonym=\"T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\" data-language-local-name=\"Turkish\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>T\u00fcrk\u00e7e<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uk.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%93%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8\" title=\"\u0413\u0440\u0443\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438 \u2013 Ukrainian\" lang=\"uk\" hreflang=\"uk\" data-title=\"\u0413\u0440\u0443\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\" data-language-autonym=\"\u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0430\" data-language-local-name=\"Ukrainian\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>\u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0430<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ur.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%DA%AF%DA%BE%D8%B3%D8%B1\" title=\"\u06af\u06be\u0633\u0631 \u2013 Urdu\" lang=\"ur\" hreflang=\"ur\" data-title=\"\u06af\u06be\u0633\u0631\" data-language-autonym=\"\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648\" data-language-local-name=\"Urdu\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vi.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/C%C3%A1_m%C3%BA\" title=\"C\u00e1 m\u00fa \u2013 Vietnamese\" lang=\"vi\" hreflang=\"vi\" data-title=\"C\u00e1 m\u00fa\" data-language-autonym=\"Ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t\" data-language-local-name=\"Vietnamese\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chio%CC%8Dh-pan\" title=\"Chio\u030dh-pan \u2013 Minnan\" lang=\"nan\" hreflang=\"nan\" data-title=\"Chio\u030dh-pan\" data-language-autonym=\"\u95a9\u5357\u8a9e \/ B\u00e2n-l\u00e2m-g\u00ed\" data-language-local-name=\"Minnan\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>\u95a9\u5357\u8a9e \/ B\u00e2n-l\u00e2m-g\u00ed<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/zh-yue.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%9F%B3%E6%96%91%E9%AD%9A%E4%BA%9E%E7%A7%91\" title=\"\u77f3\u6591\u9b5a\u4e9e\u79d1 \u2013 Cantonese\" lang=\"yue\" hreflang=\"yue\" data-title=\"\u77f3\u6591\u9b5a\u4e9e\u79d1\" data-language-autonym=\"\u7cb5\u8a9e\" data-language-local-name=\"Cantonese\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>\u7cb5\u8a9e<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%9F%B3%E6%96%91%E9%AD%9A\" title=\"\u77f3\u6591\u9b5a \u2013 Chinese\" lang=\"zh\" hreflang=\"zh\" data-title=\"\u77f3\u6591\u9b5a\" data-language-autonym=\"\u4e2d\u6587\" data-language-local-name=\"Chinese\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>\u4e2d\u6587<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"after-portlet after-portlet-lang\"><span class=\"wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link\">Edit links<\/span><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/header>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-page-toolbar vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref--excluded\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-page-toolbar-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-left-navigation\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav aria-label=\"Namespaces\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-associated-pages\" class=\"vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages\"  >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-ca-nstab-main\" class=\"selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Grouper\" title=\"View the content page [c]\" accesskey=\"c\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Article<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-ca-talk\" class=\"vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Talk:Grouper\" rel=\"discussion\" title=\"Discuss improvements to the content page [t]\" accesskey=\"t\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Talk<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-variants-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown emptyPortlet\"  >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"rdp-we-vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox\" aria-label=\"Change language variant\"   >\n\t<label id=\"rdp-we-vector-variants-dropdown-label\" for=\"vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet\" aria-hidden=\"true\"  ><span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">English<\/span>\n\t<\/label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\n<div 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href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Grouper&action=history\" title=\"Past revisions of this page [h]\" accesskey=\"h\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>View history<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav class=\"vector-page-tools-landmark\" aria-label=\"Page tools\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-page-tools-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown\"  >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"rdp-we-vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox\"  aria-label=\"Tools\"  >\n\t<label id=\"rdp-we-vector-page-tools-dropdown-label\" for=\"vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet\" aria-hidden=\"true\"  ><span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">Tools<\/span>\n\t<\/label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-page-tools-unpinned-container\" class=\"vector-unpinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-page-tools\" class=\"vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element\">\n\t<div\n\tclass=\"vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned\"\n\tdata-feature-name=\"page-tools-pinned\"\n\tdata-pinnable-element-id=\"vector-page-tools\"\n\tdata-pinned-container-id=\"vector-page-tools-pinned-container\"\n\tdata-unpinned-container-id=\"vector-page-tools-unpinned-container\"\n>\n\t<div class=\"vector-pinnable-header-label\">Tools<\/div>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin\">move to sidebar<\/button>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin\">hide<\/button>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-cactions\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items\"  >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-heading\">\n\t\tActions\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-ca-more-view\" class=\"selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item\"><a data-mw-interface href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Grouper\" class=\" wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Read<\/span><\/a>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-ca-more-edit\" class=\"vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item\">\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-ca-more-history\" class=\"vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item\"><a data-mw-interface href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Grouper&action=history\" class=\" wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>View history<\/span><\/a>\n<\/li>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-tb\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb\"  >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-heading\">\n\t\tGeneral\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-t-whatlinkshere\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><span>What links here<\/span><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-t-recentchangeslinked\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><span>Related changes<\/span><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-t-upload\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard\" title=\"Upload files [u]\" accesskey=\"u\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Upload file<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-t-permalink\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Grouper&oldid=1354062064\" title=\"Permanent link to this revision of this page\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Permanent link<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-t-info\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Grouper&action=info\" title=\"More information about this page\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Page information<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-t-cite\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><span>Cite this page<\/span><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-t-urlshortener\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><span>Get shortened URL<\/span><\/li>\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-coll-print_export\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export\"  >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-heading\">\n\t\tPrint\/export\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-coll-download-as-rl\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><span>Download as PDF<\/span><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-t-print\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Grouper&printable=yes\" title=\"Printable version of this page [p]\" accesskey=\"p\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Printable version<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-wikibase-otherprojects\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects\"  >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-heading\">\n\t\tIn other projects\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li class=\"wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Epinephelinae\" hreflang=\"en\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Wikimedia Commons<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-species mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/species.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Epinephelinae\" hreflang=\"en\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Wikispecies<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-t-wikibase\" class=\"wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item\"><span>Wikidata item<\/span><\/li>\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-column-end no-font-mode-scale\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-sticky-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wp25eastereggs-vector-sitenotice-landmark\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav class=\"vector-page-tools-landmark\" aria-label=\"Page tools\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-page-tools-pinned-container\" class=\"vector-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav class=\"vector-appearance-landmark\" aria-label=\"Appearance\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-appearance-pinned-container\" class=\"vector-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-appearance\" class=\"vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element\">\n\t<div\n\tclass=\"vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned\"\n\tdata-feature-name=\"appearance-pinned\"\n\tdata-pinnable-element-id=\"vector-appearance\"\n\tdata-pinned-container-id=\"vector-appearance-pinned-container\"\n\tdata-unpinned-container-id=\"vector-appearance-unpinned-container\"\n>\n\t<div class=\"vector-pinnable-header-label\">Appearance<\/div>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin\">move to sidebar<\/button>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin\">hide<\/button>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-bodyContent\" class=\"vector-body\" aria-labelledby=\"firstHeading\" data-mw-ve-target-container>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-body-before-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-mw-content-text\" class=\"mw-body-content\"><div class=\"mw-subjectpageheader\">\n<\/div><div class=\"mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\"><div class=\"shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux\" style=\"display:none\">Family of fishes<\/div>\n<div role=\"note\" class=\"hatnote navigation-not-searchable\">\"Garupa\" redirects here. For the mobile game, see <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/BanG_Dream!_Girls_Band_Party!\" title=\"BanG Dream! Girls Band Party!\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">BanG Dream! Girls Band Party!<\/a><\/div>\n<link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1353705441\" \/><div role=\"note\" class=\"hatnote navigation-not-searchable\">For other uses, see <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Grouper_(disambiguation)\" class=\"mw-disambig wiki-link\" title=\"Grouper (disambiguation)\" target=\"_new\">Grouper (disambiguation)<\/a>.<\/div>\n<p class=\"mw-empty-elt\">\n\n<\/p>\n\n<p><b>Groupers<\/b> are a diverse group of marine <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Actinopterygii\" title=\"Actinopterygii\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">ray-finned fish<\/a> in the family <b>Epinephelidae<\/b>, in the order <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Perciformes\" title=\"Perciformes\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Perciformes<\/a>.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-CofFF&#95;2-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-CofFF-2\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>2<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p><p>Groupers were long considered a <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Subfamily\" title=\"Subfamily\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">subfamily<\/a> of the <b>seabasses<\/b> in <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Serranidae\" title=\"Serranidae\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Serranidae<\/a>, but are now treated as distinct. Not all members of this family are called \"<b>groupers<\/b>\". The common name \"grouper\" is usually given to fish in one of two large <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Genus\" title=\"Genus\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">genera<\/a>: <i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Epinephelus\" title=\"Epinephelus\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Epinephelus<\/a><\/i> and <i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mycteroperca\" title=\"Mycteroperca\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Mycteroperca<\/a><\/i>. In addition, the species classified in the small genera <i>Anyperidon<\/i>, <i>Cromileptes<\/i>, <i>Dermatolepis<\/i>, <i>Graciela<\/i>, <i>Saloptia<\/i>, and <i>Triso<\/i> are also called \"groupers\". Fish in the genus <i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Plectropomus\" title=\"Plectropomus\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Plectropomus<\/a><\/i> are referred to as \"coral groupers\". These genera are all classified in the subfamily Epiphelinae. However, some of the hamlets (genus <i>Alphestes<\/i>), the hinds (genus <i>Cephalopholis<\/i>), the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yellow-edged_lyretail\" title=\"Yellow-edged lyretail\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">lyretails<\/a> (genus <i>Variola<\/i>), and some other small genera (<i>Gonioplectrus<\/i>, <i>Niphon<\/i>, <i>Paranthias<\/i>) are also in this subfamily, and occasional species in other serranid genera have common names involving the word \"grouper\". Nonetheless, the word \"grouper\" on its own is usually taken as meaning the family Epinephelidae.\n<\/p>\n<meta property=\"mw:PageProp\/toc\" \/>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-Description\">Description<\/h2><\/div>\n<figure class=\"mw-default-size mw-halign-left\" typeof=\"mw:File\/Thumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Only_today_I_got_to_know_this_Fish_better!_What_about_you%3F_(3852325083).jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/6\/6d\/Only_today_I_got_to_know_this_Fish_better%21_What_about_you%3F_%283852325083%29.jpg\/250px-Only_today_I_got_to_know_this_Fish_better%21_What_about_you%3F_%283852325083%29.jpg\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"154\" class=\"mw-file-element\" \/><\/a><figcaption>Anatomy of a grouper<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Groupers are <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Teleost\" title=\"Teleost\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">teleosts<\/a>, typically having a stout body and a large mouth. They are not built for long-distance, fast swimming. They can be quite large: in length, over a meter. The largest is the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atlantic_goliath_grouper\" title=\"Atlantic goliath grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Atlantic goliath grouper<\/a> (<i>Epinephelus itajara<\/i>) which has been weighed at 399 kilograms (880 pounds) and a length of 2.43&#160;m (7&#160;ft <span class=\"frac\">11<span class=\"sr-only\">+<\/span><span class=\"num\">1<\/span>&#8260;<span class=\"den\">2<\/span><\/span>&#160;in),<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-DF&#95;3-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-DF-3\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>3<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> though in such a large group, species vary considerably. They swallow prey rather than biting pieces off of them. They do not have many teeth on the edges of their jaws, but they have heavy crushing tooth plates inside the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pharynx\" title=\"Pharynx\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">pharynx<\/a>. They habitually eat fish, octopuses, and <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crustacean\" title=\"Crustacean\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">crustaceans<\/a>. Some species prefer to <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ambush_predator\" title=\"Ambush predator\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">ambush their prey<\/a>, while others are active predators. Reports of fatal attacks on humans by the largest species, such as the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Giant_grouper\" title=\"Giant grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">giant grouper<\/a> (<i>Epinephelus lanceolatus<\/i>), are unconfirmed.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-4\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>4<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<figure class=\"mw-default-size\" typeof=\"mw:File\/Thumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Barcelona_Oceanarium_(24445884225).jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/e\/e4\/Barcelona_Oceanarium_%2824445884225%29.jpg\/250px-Barcelona_Oceanarium_%2824445884225%29.jpg\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"167\" class=\"mw-file-element\" \/><\/a><figcaption><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Epinephelus_costae\" title=\"Epinephelus costae\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Gold-blotch grouper<\/a> opening its jaws<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Their mouths and <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gill\" title=\"Gill\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">gills<\/a> form a powerful vacuum that pulls their prey in from a distance. They also use their mouths to dig into sand to form their shelters under big rocks, jetting it out through their gills.<sup class=\"noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact\" style=\"white-space:nowrap;\">[<i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Citation_needed\" title=\"Wikipedia:Citation needed\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span title=\"This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2021)\">citation needed<\/span><\/a><\/i>]<\/sup>\n<\/p><p>Research indicates <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Roving_coralgrouper\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Roving coralgrouper\" target=\"_new\">roving coralgroupers<\/a> (<i>Plectropomus pessuliferus<\/i>) sometimes cooperate with <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Giant_moray\" title=\"Giant moray\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">giant morays<\/a> in hunting.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-5\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-5\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>5<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> Groupers are also one of the only animals that eat invasive <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Red_lionfish\" title=\"Red lionfish\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">red lionfish<\/a>.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-6\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-6\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>6<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-Systematics\">Systematics<\/h2><\/div>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"rdp-we-Etymology\">Etymology<\/h3><\/div>\n<p>The word \"grouper\" is from the Portuguese name, <i>garoupa<\/i>, which has been speculated to come from an indigenous South American language.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-7\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-7\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>7<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-8\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-8\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>8<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> The family name Epinephelidae comes from the type genus <i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Epinephelus\" title=\"Epinephelus\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Epinephelus<\/a><\/i>, which means \"clouded over\" in ancient Greek, referencing the cloudy membrane covering the eyes of most groupers that would have been known to European scientists at the time of description.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-9\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-9\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>9<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p><p>In Australia, \"groper\" is used instead of \"grouper\" for several species, such as the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Queensland_grouper\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Queensland grouper\" target=\"_new\">Queensland grouper<\/a> (<i>Epinephelus lanceolatus<\/i>). In New Zealand, \"groper\" refers to a type of wreckfish, <i>Polyprion oxygeneios<\/i>, which goes by the name <i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hapuka\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Hapuka\" target=\"_new\">hapuka<\/a><\/i> (from the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/M%C4%81ori_language\" title=\"M\u0101ori language\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">M\u0101ori language<\/a> <span title=\"M\u0101ori-language text\"><i lang=\"mi\">h\u0101puku<\/i><\/span>).<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-10\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-10\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>10<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> In the Philippines, groupers are generally known as <i>lapu-lapu<\/i> in <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Luzon\" title=\"Luzon\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Luzon<\/a>, while in the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Visayas\" title=\"Visayas\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Visayas<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mindanao\" title=\"Mindanao\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Mindanao<\/a>, they are known as <i>pugapo<\/i>.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-11\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-11\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>11<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-Eslao-Alix&#95;12-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Eslao-Alix-12\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>12<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> They are known as <i>kerapu<\/i> in both <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indonesian_language\" title=\"Indonesian language\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Indonesian<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Malay_language\" title=\"Malay language\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Malay<\/a>. In the Middle East, the fish are known as <i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hamour\" title=\"Hamour\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">hammour<\/a><\/i>, and are widely eaten, especially in the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Persian_Gulf\" title=\"Persian Gulf\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Persian Gulf<\/a> region.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-13\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-13\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>13<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-14\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-14\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>14<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> In Latin America, the fish is known as <i><a href=\"https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Epinephelinae\" class=\"extiw wiki-link\" title=\"es:Epinephelinae\" target=\"_new\">mero<\/a><\/i>.\n<\/p><p>In previous taxonomic treatments, the soapfishes of the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Grammistini\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Grammistini\" target=\"_new\">Grammistini<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Diploprionini\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Diploprionini\" target=\"_new\">Diploprionini<\/a> were treated as tribes within the subfamily Epinephelinae.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-Nelson5&#95;15-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Nelson5-15\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>15<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> However, <i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eschmeyer%27s_Catalog_of_Fishes\" title=\"Eschmeyer&#39;s Catalog of Fishes\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes<\/a><\/i> presently treats these as distinct families.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-CofFF&#95;2-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-CofFF-2\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>2<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"rdp-we-Classification\">Classification<\/h3><\/div>\n<p>Based on Eschmeyer's <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Catalog_of_Fishes\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Catalog of Fishes\" target=\"_new\">Catalog of Fishes<\/a>:<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-CofFF&#95;2-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-CofFF-2\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>2<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"div-col\" style=\"column-width: 24em;\">\n<ul><li>Family <b>Epinephelidae<\/b> <small><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pieter_Bleeker\" title=\"Pieter Bleeker\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Bleeker<\/a>, 1874<\/small> (groupers)<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-VDLEF&#95;1-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-VDLEF-1\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>1<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<ul><li><i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aethaloperca\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Aethaloperca\" target=\"_new\">Aethaloperca<\/a><\/i> <small><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Henry_Weed_Fowler\" title=\"Henry Weed Fowler\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Fowler<\/a>, 1904<\/small><\/li>\n<li><i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alphestes\" title=\"Alphestes\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Alphestes<\/a><\/i> <small><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marcus_Elieser_Bloch\" title=\"Marcus Elieser Bloch\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Bloch<\/a> &amp; <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Johann_Gottlob_Theaenus_Schneider\" title=\"Johann Gottlob Theaenus Schneider\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Schneider<\/a>, 1801<\/small><\/li>\n<li><i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anyperodon\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Anyperodon\" target=\"_new\">Anyperodon<\/a><\/i> <small><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Albert_G%C3%BCnther\" title=\"Albert G\u00fcnther\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">G\u00fcnther<\/a>, 1859<\/small><\/li>\n<li><i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cephalopholis\" title=\"Cephalopholis\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Cephalopholis<\/a><\/i> <small>Bloch &amp; Schneider, 1801<\/small><\/li>\n<li><i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chromileptes\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Chromileptes\" target=\"_new\">Chromileptes<\/a><\/i> <small><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/William_Swainson\" title=\"William Swainson\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Swainson<\/a>, 1839<\/small><\/li>\n<li><i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dermatolepis\" title=\"Dermatolepis\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Dermatolepis<\/a><\/i> <small><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Theodore_Nicholas_Gill\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Theodore Nicholas Gill\" target=\"_new\">Gill<\/a>, 1861<\/small><\/li>\n<li><i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Epinephelus\" title=\"Epinephelus\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Epinephelus<\/a><\/i> <small>Bloch, 1793<\/small><\/li>\n<li><i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gonioplectrus\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Gonioplectrus\" target=\"_new\">Gonioplectrus<\/a><\/i> <small>Gill, 1862<\/small><\/li>\n<li><i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gracila\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Gracila\" target=\"_new\">Gracila<\/a><\/i> <small><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/John_Ernest_Randall\" title=\"John Ernest Randall\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Randall<\/a>, 1964<\/small><\/li>\n<li><i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hyporthodus\" title=\"Hyporthodus\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Hyporthodus<\/a><\/i> <small>Gill, 1861<\/small><\/li>\n<li><i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mycteroperca\" title=\"Mycteroperca\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Mycteroperca<\/a><\/i> <small>Gill, 1862<\/small><\/li>\n<li><i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Paranthias\" title=\"Paranthias\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Paranthias<\/a><\/i> <small><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alphone_Guichenot\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Alphone Guichenot\" target=\"_new\">Guichenot<\/a>, 1868<\/small><\/li>\n<li><i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Plectropomus\" title=\"Plectropomus\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Plectropomus<\/a><\/i> <small><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lorenz_Oken\" title=\"Lorenz Oken\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Pken<\/a>, 1817<\/small><\/li>\n<li><i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Saloptia\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Saloptia\" target=\"_new\">Saloptia<\/a><\/i> <small><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/J.L.B._Smith\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"J.L.B. Smith\" target=\"_new\">J.L.B. Smith<\/a>, 1964<\/small><\/li>\n<li><i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Triso\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Triso\" target=\"_new\">Triso<\/a><\/i> <small>Randall, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/David_G._Johnson\" title=\"David G. Johnson\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Johnson<\/a> &amp; , 1989<\/small><\/li>\n<li><i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Variola_(fish)\" title=\"Variola (fish)\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Variola<\/a><\/i> <small>Swainson, 1839<\/small><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-Reproduction\">Reproduction<\/h2><\/div>\n<p>Groupers are mostly monandric, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Protogynous_hermaphrodite\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Protogynous hermaphrodite\" target=\"_new\">protogynous hermaphrodites<\/a>, i.e., they mature only as females and can change sex after sexual maturity.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-Erisman2009&#95;16-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Erisman2009-16\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>16<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-DeMartini&#95;17-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-DeMartini-17\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>17<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> Some species of groupers grow about a kilogram per year and are generally adolescents until they reach 3 kg when they become female. The largest males often control harems containing up to 15 females.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-Erisman2009&#95;16-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Erisman2009-16\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>16<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-Sadovy&#95;18-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Sadovy-18\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>18<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> Groupers often pair spawn, which enables large males to competitively exclude smaller males from reproducing.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-Erisman2009&#95;16-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Erisman2009-16\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>16<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-Allsop&#95;19-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Allsop-19\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>19<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-Munoz&#95;20-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Munoz-20\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>20<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-Kuwamura&#95;21-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Kuwamura-21\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>21<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> As such, if a small female grouper were to change sex before it could control a harem as a male, its fitness would decrease.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-Allsop&#95;19-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Allsop-19\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>19<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-Munoz&#95;20-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Munoz-20\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>20<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-Kuwamura&#95;21-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Kuwamura-21\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>21<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> If no male is available, the largest female that can increase fitness by changing sex will do so.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-Munoz&#95;20-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Munoz-20\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>20<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p><p>However, some groupers are <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gonochoristic\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Gonochoristic\" target=\"_new\">gonochoristic<\/a>.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-Erisman2009&#95;16-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Erisman2009-16\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>16<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> Gonochorism, or a reproductive strategy with two distinct sexes, has evolved independently in groupers at least five times.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-Erisman2009&#95;16-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Erisman2009-16\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>16<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> The evolution of gonochorism is linked to group spawning high amounts of habitat cover.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-Erisman2009&#95;16-5\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Erisman2009-16\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>16<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-Munoz&#95;20-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Munoz-20\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>20<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-Erisman2008&#95;22-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Erisman2008-22\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>22<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> Both group spawning and habitat cover increase the likelihood of a smaller male reproducing in the presence of large males. The fitness of male groupers in environments where competitive exclusion of smaller males is impossible is correlated with sperm production and thus <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Testicle\" title=\"Testicle\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">testicle<\/a> size.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-Sadovy&#95;18-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Sadovy-18\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>18<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-Munoz&#95;20-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Munoz-20\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>20<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-Molloy&#95;23-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Molloy-23\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>23<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> Gonochoristic groupers have larger testes than protogynous groupers (10% of body mass compared to 1% of body mass), indicating the evolution of gonochorism increased male grouper fitness in environments where large males were unable to competitively exclude small males from reproducing.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-Sadovy&#95;18-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Sadovy-18\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>18<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-Parasites\">Parasites<\/h2><\/div>\n<figure typeof=\"mw:File\/Thumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Pseudorhabdosynochus_morrhua.jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/1\/1c\/Pseudorhabdosynochus_morrhua.jpg\/250px-Pseudorhabdosynochus_morrhua.jpg\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"302\" class=\"mw-file-element\" \/><\/a><figcaption><i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pseudorhabdosynochus_morrhua\" title=\"Pseudorhabdosynochus morrhua\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Pseudorhabdosynochus morrhua<\/a><\/i>, a <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Monogenea\" title=\"Monogenea\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">monogenean<\/a> parasite of the gills of <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Comet_grouper\" title=\"Comet grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">comet groupers<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Like other fish, groupers harbor <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Parasite\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Parasite\" target=\"_new\">parasites<\/a>, including <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Digenea\" title=\"Digenea\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">digeneans<\/a>,<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-24\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-24\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>24<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nematode\" title=\"Nematode\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">nematodes<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cestode\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Cestode\" target=\"_new\">cestodes<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Monogenea\" title=\"Monogenea\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">monogeneans<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Isopod\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Isopod\" target=\"_new\">isopods<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Copepod\" title=\"Copepod\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">copepods<\/a>. A study conducted in <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/New_Caledonia\" title=\"New Caledonia\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">New Caledonia<\/a> has shown that <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Coral_reef\" title=\"Coral reef\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">coral reef<\/a>-associated groupers have about 10 species of parasites per fish species.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-25\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-25\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>25<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> Species of <i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pseudorhabdosynochus\" title=\"Pseudorhabdosynochus\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Pseudorhabdosynochus<\/a><\/i>, monogeneans of the family <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Diplectanidae\" title=\"Diplectanidae\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Diplectanidae<\/a> are typical of and especially numerous on groupers.<sup class=\"noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact\" style=\"white-space:nowrap;\">[<i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Citation_needed\" title=\"Wikipedia:Citation needed\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span title=\"This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2021)\">citation needed<\/span><\/a><\/i>]<\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-Modern_use\">Modern use<\/h2><\/div>\n<figure class=\"mw-default-size\" typeof=\"mw:File\/Thumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Jalan_Sinsuran,_Pusat_Bandar_Kota_Kinabalu,_88000_Kota_Kinabalu,_Sabah,_Malaysia_-_panoramio_(8).jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/8\/82\/Jalan_Sinsuran%2C_Pusat_Bandar_Kota_Kinabalu%2C_88000_Kota_Kinabalu%2C_Sabah%2C_Malaysia_-_panoramio_%288%29.jpg\/250px-Jalan_Sinsuran%2C_Pusat_Bandar_Kota_Kinabalu%2C_88000_Kota_Kinabalu%2C_Sabah%2C_Malaysia_-_panoramio_%288%29.jpg\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"188\" class=\"mw-file-element\" \/><\/a><figcaption>Several grouper species at a fish market, in Malaysia<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Many groupers are important food fish; some are now <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fish_farming\" title=\"Fish farming\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">farmed<\/a>. Unlike most other fish species, which are chilled or frozen, groupers are usually sold alive in markets.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-26\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-26\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>26<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> Many species are popular <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Game_fish\" title=\"Game fish\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">game fish<\/a> for <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Big-game_fishing\" title=\"Big-game fishing\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">big-game fishing<\/a>. Some species are small enough to be kept in <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aquarium\" title=\"Aquarium\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">aquaria<\/a>, though even the small species are inclined to grow rapidly. <sup class=\"noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact\" style=\"white-space:nowrap;\">[<i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Citation_needed\" title=\"Wikipedia:Citation needed\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span title=\"This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2014)\">citation needed<\/span><\/a><\/i>]<\/sup>\n<\/p><p>Groupers are commonly reported as a source of <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ciguatera\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Ciguatera\" target=\"_new\">ciguatera<\/a> fish poisoning.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-27\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-27\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>27<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DNA_barcoding\" title=\"DNA barcoding\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">DNA barcoding<\/a> of grouper species might help control ciguatera fish poisoning, since fish are easily identified, even from meal remnants, with molecular tools.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-28\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-28\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>28<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-Size\">Size<\/h2><\/div>\n<p>Malaysian newspaper <i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Star_(Malaysia)\" title=\"The Star (Malaysia)\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">The Star<\/a><\/i> reported a 180&#160;kg (400&#160;lb) grouper being caught off the waters near Pulau Sembilan in the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Strait_of_Malacca\" title=\"Strait of Malacca\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Strait of Malacca<\/a> in January 2008.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-29\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-29\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>29<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shenzhen_News\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Shenzhen News\" target=\"_new\">Shenzhen News<\/a> in China reported that a 1.8&#160;m (6&#160;ft) grouper swallowed a 1.0&#160;m (3&#160;ft 3&#160;in) <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Whitetip_reef_shark\" title=\"Whitetip reef shark\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">whitetip reef shark<\/a> at the Fuzhou Sea World aquarium.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-30\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-30\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>30<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p><p>In September 2010, a Costa Rican newspaper reported a 2.3&#160;m (7&#160;ft 7&#160;in) grouper in Cieneguita, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lim%C3%B3n_province\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Lim\u00f3n province\" target=\"_new\">Lim\u00f3n<\/a>. The weight of the fish was 250&#160;kg (550&#160;lb), and it was lured using 1 kg of bait.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-31\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-31\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>31<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> In November 2013, a 310&#160;kg (680&#160;lb) grouper had been caught and sold to a hotel in <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dongyuan_County\" title=\"Dongyuan County\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Dongyuan<\/a>, China.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-32\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-32\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>32<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p><p>In August 2014, off <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bonita_Springs\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Bonita Springs\" target=\"_new\">Bonita Springs<\/a> in Florida (USA), a big grouper took in one gulp a 4-foot shark that an angler had caught.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-33\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-33\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>33<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-34\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-34\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>34<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-See_also\">See also<\/h2><\/div>\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dusky_grouper\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Dusky grouper\" target=\"_new\">Dusky grouper<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-References\">References<\/h2><\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns\"><ol class=\"references\">\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-VDLEF-1\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-VDLEF_1-0\"><sup><i><b>a<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-VDLEF_1-1\"><sup><i><b>b<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFRichard&#95;van&#95;der&#95;LaanWilliam&#95;N.&#95;EschmeyerRonald&#95;Fricke2014\" class=\"citation journal cs1\">Richard van der Laan; William N. Eschmeyer &amp; Ronald Fricke (2014). <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/biotaxa.org\/Zootaxa\/article\/view\/zootaxa.3882.1.1\/10480\" target=\"_new\">\"Family-group names of Recent fishes\"<\/a>. <i>Zootaxa<\/i>. <b>3882<\/b> (2): <span class=\"nowrap\">001\u2013<\/span>230. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Doi (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">doi<\/a>:<span class=\"id-lock-free\" title=\"Freely accessible\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11646%2Fzootaxa.3882.1.1\" target=\"_new\">10.11646\/zootaxa.3882.1.1<\/a><\/span>. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PMID_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"PMID (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">PMID<\/a>&#160;<a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/25543675\" target=\"_new\">25543675<\/a>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Zootaxa&amp;rft.atitle=Family-group+names+of+Recent+fishes&amp;rft.volume=3882&amp;rft.issue=2&amp;rft.pages=001-230&amp;rft.date=2014&amp;rft&#95;id=info%3Adoi%2F10.11646%2Fzootaxa.3882.1.1&amp;rft&#95;id=info%3Apmid%2F25543675&amp;rft.au=Richard+van+der+Laan&amp;rft.au=William+N.+Eschmeyer&amp;rft.au=Ronald+Fricke&amp;rft&#95;id=https%3A%2F%2Fbiotaxa.org%2FZootaxa%2Farticle%2Fview%2Fzootaxa.3882.1.1%2F10480&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrouper\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-CofFF-2\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-CofFF_2-0\"><sup><i><b>a<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-CofFF_2-1\"><sup><i><b>b<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-CofFF_2-2\"><sup><i><b>c<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFFrickeEschmeyervan&#95;der&#95;Laan\" class=\"citation web cs1\">Fricke, Ron; <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/William_N._Eschmeyer\" title=\"William N. Eschmeyer\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Eschmeyer, William N.<\/a> &amp; van der Laan, Richard (eds.). <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/researcharchive.calacademy.org\/research\/ichthyology\/catalog\/fishcatget.asp?tbl=genus&family=Epinephelidae\" target=\"_new\">\"Genera in the family Epinephelidae\"<\/a>. <i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Catalog_of_Fishes\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Catalog of Fishes\" target=\"_new\">Catalog of Fishes<\/a><\/i>. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/California_Academy_of_Sciences\" title=\"California Academy of Sciences\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">California Academy of Sciences<\/a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">22 April<\/span> 2025<\/span>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Catalog+of+Fishes&amp;rft.atitle=Genera+in+the+family+Epinephelidae&amp;rft&#95;id=http%3A%2F%2Fresearcharchive.calacademy.org%2Fresearch%2Fichthyology%2Fcatalog%2Ffishcatget.asp%3Ftbl%3Dgenus%26family%3DEpinephelidae&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrouper\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-DF-3\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-DF_3-0\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFRobert&#95;H.&#95;Robins\" class=\"citation web cs1\">Robert H. Robins. <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.floridamuseum.ufl.edu\/discover-fish\/species-profiles\/epinephelus-itajara\/\" target=\"_new\">\"Epinephelus itajara\"<\/a>. <i>Discover Fish<\/i>. Florida Museum<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">8 June<\/span> 2020<\/span>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Discover+Fish&amp;rft.atitle=Epinephelus+itajara&amp;rft.au=Robert+H.+Robins&amp;rft&#95;id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.floridamuseum.ufl.edu%2Fdiscover-fish%2Fspecies-profiles%2Fepinephelus-itajara%2F&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrouper\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-4\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-4\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFLieskeMyers1999\" class=\"citation book cs1\">Lieske, E.; Myers, R. (1999). <span class=\"id-lock-registration\" title=\"Free registration required\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/isbn_9780691004815\" target=\"_new\"><i>Coral Reef Fishes<\/i><\/a><\/span> (2&#160;ed.). 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American Naturalist 161:749-761.<\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-Kuwamura-21\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-Kuwamura_21-0\"><sup><i><b>a<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-Kuwamura_21-1\"><sup><i><b>b<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Kuwamura, T. 2004. Sex change in fishes: Its process and evolutionary mechanism. Zoological Science 21:1248-1248.<\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-Erisman2008-22\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-Erisman2008_22-0\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Erisman, B. E., J. A. Rosales-Cassian and P. A. Hastings. 2008. There is evidence of gonochorism in a grouper, <i>Mycteroperca rosacea<\/i>, from the Gulf of California, Mexico. Environmental Biology of Fishes 82:23-33.<\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-Molloy-23\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-Molloy_23-0\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Molloy, P. P., N. B. Goodwin, I. M. Cote, J. D. Reynolds, and M. J. G. Gage. 2007. Sperm competition and sex change: A comparative analysis across fishes. Evolution 61:640-652.<\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-24\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-24\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Cribb, T. H., Bray, R. A., Wright, T. &amp; Pichelin, S. 2002: The trematodes of groupers (Serranidae: Epinephelinae): knowledge, nature, and evolution. Parasitology, 124, S23-S42.<\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-25\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-25\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Justine, J.-L., Beveridge, I., Boxshall, G. A., Bray, R. A., Moravec, F., Trilles, J.-P. &amp; Whittington, I. D. 2010: An annotated list of parasites (Isopoda, Copepoda, Monogenea, Digenea, Cestoda and Nematoda) collected in groupers (Serranidae, Epinephelinae) in New Caledonia emphasizes parasite biodiversity in coral reef fish. Folia Parasitologica, 57, 237\u2013262. <link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Doi (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">doi<\/a>:<a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14411%2Ffp.2010.032\" target=\"_new\">10.14411\/fp.2010.032<\/a> <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/folia.paru.cas.cz\/pdfs\/showpdf.php?pdf=21848\" target=\"_new\">PDF<\/a><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-26\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-26\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.aquaticcommunity.com\/Groupers\" target=\"_new\">\"Most consumers prefer to purchase live groupers in fish markets\"<\/a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">29 April<\/span> 2011<\/span>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Most+consumers+prefer+to+purchase+live+groupers+in+fish+markets&amp;rft&#95;id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aquaticcommunity.com%2FGroupers&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrouper\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-27\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-27\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFSadovy&#95;de&#95;MitchesonCraigBertonciniCarpenter2013\" class=\"citation journal cs1\">Sadovy de Mitcheson, Yvonne; Craig, Matthew T; Bertoncini, Athila A; Carpenter, Kent E; Cheung, William W L; Choat, John H; Cornish, Andrew S; Fennessy, Sean T; Ferreira, Beatrice P; Heemstra, Philip C; Liu, Min; Myers, Robert F; Pollard, David A; Rhodes, Kevin L; Rocha, Luiz A; Russell, Barry C; Samoilys, Melita A; Sanciangco, Jonnell (June 2013). <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/236649827\" target=\"_new\">\"Fishing groupers towards extinction: a global assessment of threats and extinction risks in a billion dollar fishery: Fishing groupers to extinction\"<\/a>. <i>Fish and Fisheries<\/i>. <b>14<\/b> (2): <span class=\"nowrap\">119\u2013<\/span>136. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Doi (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">doi<\/a>:<a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111%2Fj.1467-2979.2011.00455.x\" target=\"_new\">10.1111\/j.1467-2979.2011.00455.x<\/a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">13 February<\/span> 2023<\/span>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Fish+and+Fisheries&amp;rft.atitle=Fishing+groupers+towards+extinction%3A+a+global+assessment+of+threats+and+extinction+risks+in+a+billion+dollar+fishery%3A+Fishing+groupers+to+extinction&amp;rft.volume=14&amp;rft.issue=2&amp;rft.pages=119-136&amp;rft.date=2013-06&amp;rft&#95;id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1467-2979.2011.00455.x&amp;rft.aulast=Sadovy+de+Mitcheson&amp;rft.aufirst=Yvonne&amp;rft.au=Craig%2C+Matthew+T&amp;rft.au=Bertoncini%2C+Athila+A&amp;rft.au=Carpenter%2C+Kent+E&amp;rft.au=Cheung%2C+William+W+L&amp;rft.au=Choat%2C+John+H&amp;rft.au=Cornish%2C+Andrew+S&amp;rft.au=Fennessy%2C+Sean+T&amp;rft.au=Ferreira%2C+Beatrice+P&amp;rft.au=Heemstra%2C+Philip+C&amp;rft.au=Liu%2C+Min&amp;rft.au=Myers%2C+Robert+F&amp;rft.au=Pollard%2C+David+A&amp;rft.au=Rhodes%2C+Kevin+L&amp;rft.au=Rocha%2C+Luiz+A&amp;rft.au=Russell%2C+Barry+C&amp;rft.au=Samoilys%2C+Melita+A&amp;rft.au=Sanciangco%2C+Jonnell&amp;rft&#95;id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F236649827&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrouper\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-28\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-28\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Schoelinck, C., Hinsinger, D. D., Detta\u00ef, A., Cruaud, C. &amp; Justine, J.-L. 2014: A phylogenetic re-analysis of groupers with applications for ciguatera fish poisoning. PLoS ONE, 9, e98198. <link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Doi (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">doi<\/a>:<span class=\"id-lock-free\" title=\"Freely accessible\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0098198\" target=\"_new\">10.1371\/journal.pone.0098198<\/a><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-29\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-29\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20080508174733\/http:\/\/thestar.com.my\/news\/story.asp?file=%2F2008%2F1%2F17%2Fnation%2F20035627&sec=nation\" target=\"_new\">\"Whopper of a grouper bought for RM10,000\"<\/a>. <i>The Star<\/i>. Malaysia. 17 January 2008. Archived from <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/thestar.com.my\/news\/story.asp?file=\/2008\/1\/17\/nation\/20035627&sec=nation\" target=\"_new\">the original<\/a> on 8 May 2008<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">11 September<\/span> 2010<\/span>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Star&amp;rft.atitle=Whopper+of+a+grouper+bought+for+RM10%2C000&amp;rft.date=2008-01-17&amp;rft&#95;id=http%3A%2F%2Fthestar.com.my%2Fnews%2Fstory.asp%3Ffile%3D%2F2008%2F1%2F17%2Fnation%2F20035627%26sec%3Dnation&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrouper\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-30\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-30\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20171012215753\/http:\/\/www.sznews.com\/news\/content\/2006-03\/30\/content_70954.htm\" target=\"_new\">\"\u6d77\u5e95\"\u8840\u6848\":\u5de8\u578b\u77f3\u6591\u9c7c\u4e00\u53e3\u541e\u4e0b\u767d\u9ccd\u9ca8\"<\/a>. Sznews.com. 30 March 2006. Archived from <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sznews.com\/news\/content\/2006-03\/30\/content_70954.htm\" target=\"_new\">the original<\/a> on 12 October 2017<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">11 September<\/span> 2010<\/span>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=%E6%B5%B7%E5%BA%95%22%E8%A1%80%E6%A1%88%22%3A%E5%B7%A8%E5%9E%8B%E7%9F%B3%E6%96%91%E9%B1%BC%E4%B8%80%E5%8F%A3%E5%90%9E%E4%B8%8B%E7%99%BD%E9%B3%8D%E9%B2%A8&amp;rft.pub=Sznews.com&amp;rft.date=2006-03-30&amp;rft&#95;id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sznews.com%2Fnews%2Fcontent%2F2006-03%2F30%2Fcontent&#95;70954.htm&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrouper\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-31\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-31\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFDiario&#95;La&#95;Extra&#95;2010,&#95;Marvin&#95;Carvajal\" class=\"citation web cs1\">Diario La Extra 2010, Marvin Carvajal. <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20100913030836\/http:\/\/www.diarioextra.com\/2010\/setiembre\/10\/nacionales11.php\" target=\"_new\">\"Cay\u00f3 el m\u00e1s mero en el Caribe\"<\/a>. Archived from <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.diarioextra.com\/2010\/setiembre\/10\/nacionales11.php\" target=\"_new\">the original<\/a> on 13 September 2010.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Cay%C3%B3+el+m%C3%A1s+mero+en+el+Caribe&amp;rft.au=Diario+La+Extra+2010%2C+Marvin+Carvajal&amp;rft&#95;id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.diarioextra.com%2F2010%2Fsetiembre%2F10%2Fnacionales11.php&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrouper\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><span class=\"cs1-maint citation-comment\"><code class=\"cs1-code\">{{<a href=\"\/wiki\/Template:Cite_web\" title=\"Template:Cite web\">cite web<\/a>}}<\/code>:  CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list\" title=\"Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">link<\/a>)<\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-32\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-32\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/shanghaiist.com\/2013\/11\/12\/photos_a_683_pound_giant_grouper_ca.php\" target=\"_new\">\"Photos: Fishermen catch wildly huge 686-pound fish, sell it to hotel\"<\/a>. 3 May 2022.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Photos%3A+Fishermen+catch+wildly+huge+686-pound+fish%2C+sell+it+to+hotel&amp;rft.date=2022-05-03&amp;rft&#95;id=http%3A%2F%2Fshanghaiist.com%2F2013%2F11%2F12%2Fphotos&#95;a&#95;683&#95;pound&#95;giant&#95;grouper&#95;ca.php&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrouper\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-33\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-33\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFHeather&#95;Alexander,&#95;Houston&#95;Chronicle2014\" class=\"citation web cs1\">Heather Alexander, Houston Chronicle (21 August 2014). <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.chron.com\/hunting-fishing\/article\/Gulf-grouper-swallows-4-foot-shark-in-a-single-5703444.php\" target=\"_new\">\"Gulf grouper swallows 4 foot shark in a single bite\"<\/a>. <i>Houston Chronicle<\/i>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Houston+Chronicle&amp;rft.atitle=Gulf+grouper+swallows+4+foot+shark+in+a+single+bite&amp;rft.date=2014-08-21&amp;rft.au=Heather+Alexander%2C+Houston+Chronicle&amp;rft&#95;id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chron.com%2Fhunting-fishing%2Farticle%2FGulf-grouper-swallows-4-foot-shark-in-a-single-5703444.php&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrouper\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-34\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-34\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite class=\"citation audio-visual cs1\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=O37HI_AX9nY\" target=\"_new\"><i>Grouper eats 4ft shark in one bite<\/i><\/a>. 19 August 2014. <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/ghostarchive.org\/varchive\/youtube\/20211113\/O37HI_AX9nY\" target=\"_new\">Archived<\/a> from the original on 13 November 2021 &#8211; via YouTube.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Grouper+eats+4ft+shark+in+one+bite&amp;rft.date=2014-08-19&amp;rft&#95;id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DO37HI&#95;AX9nY&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrouper\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-External_links\">External links<\/h2><\/div>\n\n<ul><li><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/stoella.com\/saltwater-fly-fishing\/fly-fishing-for-grpuper\" target=\"_new\">The Ultimate Guide to Fly Fishing for Grouper<\/a><\/li>\n<li>ARKive \u2013 <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20070503084717\/http:\/\/www.arkive.org\/species\/GES\/fish\/Cromileptes_altivelis\/\" target=\"_new\">images and movies of the humpback grouper <i>(Chromileptes altivelis)<\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<li><span class=\"noviewer sister-inline-image\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Commons-logo.svg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><img loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Wikimedia Commons logo\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/en\/thumb\/4\/4a\/Commons-logo.svg\/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"12\" height=\"16\" class=\"mw-file-element\" \/><\/a><\/span> Media related to <a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Epinephelinae\" class=\"extiw wiki-link\" title=\"commons:Category:Epinephelinae\" target=\"_new\">Epinephelinae<\/a> at Wikimedia Commons<\/li><\/ul>\n<div class=\"navbox-styles\"><\/div><div role=\"navigation\" class=\"navbox\" aria-labelledby=\"Extant&#95;Epinephelinae&#95;species&#95;(Groupers)9333\" style=\"padding:3px\"><table class=\"nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner\" style=\"border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit\"><tbody><tr><th scope=\"col\" class=\"navbox-title\" colspan=\"2\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333133064\" \/><div id=\"rdp-we-Extant&#95;Epinephelinae&#95;species&#95;(Groupers)9333\" style=\"font-size:114%;margin:0 4em\">Extant <a class=\"mw-selflink selflink\">Epinephelinae<\/a> species <small>(Groupers)<\/small><\/div><\/th><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alphestes\" title=\"Alphestes\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Alphestes<\/a><\/i><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><i><\/i><\/li>\n<li><i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alphestes_immaculatus\" title=\"Alphestes immaculatus\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Alphestes immaculatus<\/a><\/i><\/li>\n<li><i><\/i><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anyperodon\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Anyperodon\" target=\"_new\">Anyperodon<\/a><\/i><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anyperodon_leucogrammicus\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Anyperodon leucogrammicus\" target=\"_new\">slender grouper (<i>A. leucogrammicus<\/i>)<\/a><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aethaloperca_rogaa\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Aethaloperca rogaa\" target=\"_new\">Aethaloperca<\/a><\/i><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\"><i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aethaloperca_rogaa\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Aethaloperca rogaa\" target=\"_new\">Aethaloperca rogaa<\/a><\/i><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cephalopholis\" title=\"Cephalopholis\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Cephalopholis<\/a><\/i><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Blue-Spotted_Grouper\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Blue-Spotted Grouper\" target=\"_new\">Blue-Spotted Grouper (<i>C. argus<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chocolate_hind\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Chocolate hind\" target=\"_new\">Chocolate hind (<i>C. boenak<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Graysby\" title=\"Graysby\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Graysby  (<i>C. cruentata<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bluelined_hind\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Bluelined hind\" target=\"_new\">Bluelined hind (<i>C. formosa<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Coney_fish\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Coney fish\" target=\"_new\">Coney (<i>C. fulva<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yellowfin_hind\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Yellowfin hind\" target=\"_new\">Yellowfin hind  (<i>C. hemistiktos<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Neptune_grouper\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Neptune grouper\" target=\"_new\">Neptune grouper (<i>C. igarashiensis<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cephalopholis_leopardus\" title=\"Cephalopholis leopardus\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Leopard grouper (<i>C. leopardus<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vermillion_seabass\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Vermillion seabass\" target=\"_new\">Vermillion seabass (<i>C. miniata<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cephalopholis_panamensis\" title=\"Cephalopholis panamensis\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Pacific Graysby (<i>C. panamensis<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><i><\/i><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tomato_hind\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Tomato hind\" target=\"_new\">Tomato hind (<i>C. sonnerati<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cephalopholis_spiloparaea\" title=\"Cephalopholis spiloparaea\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Strawberry grouper (<i>C. spiloparaea<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cephalopholis_taeniops\" title=\"Cephalopholis taeniops\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Blue Spotted Sea Bass | (<i>C. taeniops<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chromileptes\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Chromileptes\" target=\"_new\">Chromileptes<\/a><\/i><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Humpback_grouper\" title=\"Humpback grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Humpback grouper (<i>C. altivelis<\/i>)<\/a><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dermatolepis\" title=\"Dermatolepis\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Dermatolepis<\/a><\/i><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marbled_grouper\" title=\"Marbled grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">marbled grouper (<i>D. inermis<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Smooth_grouper\" title=\"Smooth grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">smooth grouper (<i>D.  striolata<\/i>)<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Epinephelus\" title=\"Epinephelus\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Epinephelus<\/a><\/i><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Areolate_grouper\" title=\"Areolate grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Areolate grouper (<i>E. areolatus<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atlantic_goliath_grouper\" title=\"Atlantic goliath grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Atlantic goliath grouper (<i>E. itajara<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Epinephelus_amblycephalus\" title=\"Epinephelus amblycephalus\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Banded grouper (<i>E. amblycephalus<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Blacktip_grouper\" title=\"Blacktip grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Blacktip grouper (<i>E. fasciatus<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Blue_and_yellow_grouper\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Blue and yellow grouper\" target=\"_new\">Blue and yellow grouper (<i>E. flavocaeruleus<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Brown-marbled_grouper\" title=\"Brown-marbled grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Brown-marbled grouper (<i>E. fuscoguttatus<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Brownspotted_grouper\" title=\"Brownspotted grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Brownspotted grouper (<i>E. chlorostigma<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Camouflage_grouper\" title=\"Camouflage grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Camouflage grouper (<i>E. polyphekadion<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Catface_grouper\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Catface grouper\" target=\"_new\">Catface grouper (<i>E. andersoni<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Comet_grouper\" title=\"Comet grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Comet grouper (<i>E. morrhua<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Coral_grouper\" title=\"Coral grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Coral grouper (<i>E. corallicola<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dotted_grouper\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Dotted grouper\" target=\"_new\">Dotted grouper (<i>E. epistictus<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dusky_grouper\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Dusky grouper\" target=\"_new\">Dusky grouper (<i>E. marginatus<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Epinephelus_stoliczkae\" title=\"Epinephelus stoliczkae\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Epaulet grouper (<i>E. stoliczkae<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foursaddle_grouper\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Foursaddle grouper\" target=\"_new\">Foursaddle grouper (<i>E. spilotoceps<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Giant_grouper\" title=\"Giant grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Giant grouper (<i>E. lanceolatus<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Greasy_grouper\" title=\"Greasy grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Greasy grouper (<i>E. tauvina<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Honeycomb_grouper\" title=\"Honeycomb grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Honeycomb grouper (<i>E. merra<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hong_Kong_grouper\" title=\"Hong Kong grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Hong Kong grouper (<i>E. akaara<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Longfin_grouper\" title=\"Longfin grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Longfin grouper (<i>E. quoyanus<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Longtooth_grouper\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Longtooth grouper\" target=\"_new\">Longtooth grouper (<i>E. bruneus<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Malabar_grouper\" title=\"Malabar grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Malabar grouper (<i>E. malabaricus<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marquesan_grouper\" title=\"Marquesan grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Marquesan grouper (<i>E. irroratus<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nassau_grouper\" title=\"Nassau grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Nassau grouper (<i>E. striatus<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Orange-spotted_grouper\" title=\"Orange-spotted grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Orange-spotted grouper (<i>E. coioides<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pacific_Goliath_grouper\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Pacific Goliath grouper\" target=\"_new\">Pacific Goliath grouper (<i>E. quinquefasciatus<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Potato_grouper\" title=\"Potato grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Potato grouper (<i>E. tukula<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Red_grouper\" title=\"Red grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Red grouper (<i>E. morio<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Red_hind\" title=\"Red hind\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Red hind (<i>E. guttatus<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Saddletail_grouper\" title=\"Saddletail grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Saddletail grouper (<i>E. daemelii<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Speckled_hind\" title=\"Speckled hind\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Speckled hind (<i>E. drummondhayi<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spotted_grouper\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Spotted grouper\" target=\"_new\">Spotted grouper (<i>E. analogus<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Epinephelus_labriformis\" title=\"Epinephelus labriformis\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Starry grouper (<i>E. labriformis<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Summan_grouper\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Summan grouper\" target=\"_new\">Summan grouper (<i>E. summana<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wavy-lined_grouper\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Wavy-lined grouper\" target=\"_new\">Wavy-lined grouper (<i>E. undulosus<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/White_grouper\" title=\"White grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">White grouper (<i>E. aeneus<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/White-edged_grouper\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"White-edged grouper\" target=\"_new\">White-edged grouper (<i>E. albomarginatus<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Whitespotted_grouper\" title=\"Whitespotted grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Whitespotted grouper (<i>E. coeruleopunctatus<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/White-streaked_grouper\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"White-streaked grouper\" target=\"_new\">White-streaked grouper (<i>E. ongus<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yellow_grouper\" title=\"Yellow grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Yellow grouper (<i>E. awoara<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gonioplectrus\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Gonioplectrus\" target=\"_new\">Gonioplectrus<\/a><\/i><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gonioplectrus_hispanus\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Gonioplectrus hispanus\" target=\"_new\">Spanish flag (G. hispanus)<\/a><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gracila\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Gracila\" target=\"_new\">Gracila<\/a><\/i><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gracila_albomarginata\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Gracila albomarginata\" target=\"_new\">Masked Grouper (G. albomarginata)<\/a><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hyporthodus\" title=\"Hyporthodus\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Hyporthodus<\/a><\/i><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hyporthodus_acanthistius\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Hyporthodus acanthistius\" target=\"_new\">Hyporthodus acanthistius<\/a><\/i> (<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rooster_hind\" title=\"Rooster hind\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Rooster hind<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li><i><\/i> ()<\/li>\n<li><i><\/i> ()<\/li>\n<li><i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hyporthodus_exsul\" title=\"Hyporthodus exsul\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Hyporthodus exsul<\/a><\/i> (<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tenspine_grouper\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Tenspine grouper\" target=\"_new\">Tenspine grouper<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li><i><\/i> (<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yellowedge_grouper\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Yellowedge grouper\" target=\"_new\">Yellowedge grouper<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li><i><\/i> ()<\/li>\n<li><i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hyporthodus_mystacinus\" title=\"Hyporthodus mystacinus\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Hyporthodus mystacinus<\/a><\/i> (<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Misty_grouper\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Misty grouper\" target=\"_new\">Misty grouper<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li><i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hyporthodus_nigritus\" title=\"Hyporthodus nigritus\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Hyporthodus nigritus<\/a><\/i> (<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Warsaw_grouper\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Warsaw grouper\" target=\"_new\">Warsaw grouper<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li><i><\/i> ()<\/li>\n<li><i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hyporthodus_niveatus\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Hyporthodus niveatus\" target=\"_new\">Hyporthodus niveatus<\/a><\/i> (<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Snowy_grouper\" title=\"Snowy grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Snowy grouper<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li><i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hyporthodus_octofasciatus\" title=\"Hyporthodus octofasciatus\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Hyporthodus octofasciatus<\/a><\/i> ()<\/li>\n<li><i><\/i> ()<\/li>\n<li><i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hyporthodus_quernus\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Hyporthodus quernus\" target=\"_new\">Hyporthodus quernus<\/a><\/i> (<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hawaiian_grouper\" title=\"Hawaiian grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Hawaiian grouper<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li><i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hyporthodus_septemfasciatus\" title=\"Hyporthodus septemfasciatus\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Hyporthodus septemfasciatus<\/a><\/i> (<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Convict_grouper\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Convict grouper\" target=\"_new\">Convict grouper<\/a>)<\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mycteroperca\" title=\"Mycteroperca\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Mycteroperca<\/a><\/i><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Black_grouper\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Black grouper\" target=\"_new\">Black grouper (<i>M. bonaci<\/i>) <\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Venezuelan_grouper\" title=\"Venezuelan grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Venezuelan grouper (<i>M. cidi<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gulf_grouper\" title=\"Gulf grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Gulf grouper (<i>M. jordani<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mycteroperca_microlepis\" title=\"Mycteroperca microlepis\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Gag grouper (<i>M. microlepis<\/i>) <\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sailfin_grouper\" title=\"Sailfin grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Sailfin grouper (<i>M. olfax<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sawtail_grouper\" title=\"Sawtail grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Sawtail grouper (<i>M. prionura<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mycteroperca_rosacea\" title=\"Mycteroperca rosacea\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Leopard grouper (<i>M. rosacea<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mottled_grouper\" title=\"Mottled grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Mottled grouper (<i>M. rubra<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tiger_grouper\" title=\"Tiger grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Tiger grouper (<i>M. tigris<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Broomtail_grouper\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Broomtail grouper\" target=\"_new\">Broomtail grouper (<i>M. xenarcha<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yellowfin_grouper\" title=\"Yellowfin grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Yellowfin grouper (<i>M. venenosa<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Scamp_grouper\" title=\"Scamp grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Scamp grouper (<i>M. phenax<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yellowmouth_grouper\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Yellowmouth grouper\" target=\"_new\">Yellowmouth grouper (<i>M. interstitialis<\/i>)<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Paranthias\" title=\"Paranthias\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Paranthias<\/a><\/i><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Paranthias_colonus\" title=\"Paranthias colonus\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Pacific creole-fish (<i>P. colonus<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Plectropomus\" title=\"Plectropomus\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Plectropomus<\/a><\/i><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Plectropomus_areolatus\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Plectropomus areolatus\" target=\"_new\">Plectropomus areolatus<\/a><\/i><\/li>\n<li><i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Plectropomus_laevis\" title=\"Plectropomus laevis\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Plectropomus laevis<\/a><\/i><\/li>\n<li><i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Plectropomus_leopardus\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Plectropomus leopardus\" target=\"_new\">Plectropomus leopardus<\/a><\/i><\/li>\n<li><i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Plectropomus_maculatus\" title=\"Plectropomus maculatus\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Plectropomus maculatus<\/a><\/i><\/li>\n<li><i><\/i><\/li>\n<li><i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Plectropomus_pessuliferus\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Plectropomus pessuliferus\" target=\"_new\">Plectropomus pessuliferus<\/a><\/i><\/li>\n<li><i><\/i><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Saloptia\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Saloptia\" target=\"_new\">Saloptia<\/a><\/i><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\"><i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Saloptia_powelli\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Saloptia powelli\" target=\"_new\">Saloptia powelli <\/a><\/i><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Triso\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Triso\" target=\"_new\">Triso<\/a><\/i><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\"><i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Triso_dermopterus\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Triso dermopterus\" target=\"_new\">Triso dermopterus<\/a><\/i><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Variola_(fish)\" title=\"Variola (fish)\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Variola<\/a><\/i><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Variola_albimarginata\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Variola albimarginata\" target=\"_new\">Variola albimarginata<\/a><\/i><\/li>\n<li><i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yellow-edged_lyretail\" title=\"Yellow-edged lyretail\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Variola louti<\/a><\/i><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div>\n<div class=\"navbox-styles\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333133064\" \/><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1353707246\" \/><\/div><div role=\"navigation\" class=\"navbox\" aria-labelledby=\"Principal&#95;commercial&#95;fishery&#95;species&#95;groups4602\" style=\"padding:3px\"><table class=\"nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner\" style=\"border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit\"><tbody><tr><th scope=\"col\" class=\"navbox-title\" colspan=\"3\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333133064\" \/><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231\" \/><div id=\"rdp-we-Principal&#95;commercial&#95;fishery&#95;species&#95;groups4602\" style=\"font-size:114%;margin:0 4em\">Principal commercial <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fishery\" title=\"Fishery\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">fishery<\/a> species groups<\/div><\/th><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wild_fisheries\" title=\"Wild fisheries\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Wild<\/a><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\"><\/div><table class=\"nowraplinks navbox-subgroup\" style=\"border-spacing:0\"><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pelagic_fish\" title=\"Pelagic fish\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Large pelagic fish<\/a><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mackerel\" title=\"Mackerel\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Mackerel<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Salmon\" title=\"Salmon\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Salmon<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shark\" title=\"Shark\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Shark<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Swordfish\" title=\"Swordfish\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Swordfish<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tuna\" title=\"Tuna\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Tuna<\/a>\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Albacore\" title=\"Albacore\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">albacore<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bigeye_tuna\" title=\"Bigeye tuna\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">bigeye<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atlantic_bluefin_tuna\" title=\"Atlantic bluefin tuna\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Atlantic bluefin<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pacific_bluefin_tuna\" title=\"Pacific bluefin tuna\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Pacific bluefin<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Southern_bluefin_tuna\" title=\"Southern bluefin tuna\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">southern bluefin<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Skipjack_tuna\" title=\"Skipjack tuna\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">skipjack<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yellowfin_tuna\" title=\"Yellowfin tuna\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">yellowfin<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Forage_fish\" title=\"Forage fish\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Forage fish<\/a><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anchovy\" title=\"Anchovy\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Anchovy<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Capelin\" title=\"Capelin\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Capelin<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Herring\" title=\"Herring\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Herring<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ilish\" title=\"Ilish\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Ilish<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Menhaden\" title=\"Menhaden\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Menhaden<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sardine\" title=\"Sardine\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Sardines<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pacific_saury\" title=\"Pacific saury\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Saury<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shad\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Shad\" target=\"_new\">Shad<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sprat\" title=\"Sprat\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Sprat<\/a>\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/European_sprat\" title=\"European sprat\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">european<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Demersal_fish\" title=\"Demersal fish\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Demersal fish<\/a><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Catfish\" title=\"Catfish\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Catfish<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cod\" title=\"Cod\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Cod<\/a>\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atlantic_cod\" title=\"Atlantic cod\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Atlantic<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pacific_cod\" title=\"Pacific cod\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Pacific<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alaska_pollock\" title=\"Alaska pollock\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Alaska pollock<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Flatfish\" title=\"Flatfish\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Flatfish<\/a>\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Flounder\" title=\"Flounder\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">flounder<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Halibut\" title=\"Halibut\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">halibut<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Plaice\" title=\"Plaice\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">plaice<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sole_(fish)\" title=\"Sole (fish)\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">sole<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Turbot\" title=\"Turbot\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">turbot<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Haddock\" title=\"Haddock\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Haddock<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mullet_(fish)\" title=\"Mullet (fish)\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Mullet<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Orange_roughy\" title=\"Orange roughy\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Orange roughy<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pollock\" title=\"Pollock\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Pollock<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sebastes\" title=\"Sebastes\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Rockfish<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sillaginidae\" title=\"Sillaginidae\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Smelt-whitings<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Toothfish\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Toothfish\" target=\"_new\">Toothfish<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Freshwater_fish\" title=\"Freshwater fish\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Freshwater fish<\/a><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Carp\" title=\"Carp\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Carp<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sturgeon\" title=\"Sturgeon\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Sturgeon<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tilapia\" title=\"Tilapia\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Tilapia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Trout\" title=\"Trout\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Trout<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wild_fish\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Wild fish\" target=\"_new\">Other wild fish<\/a><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eel\" title=\"Eel\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Eel<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Whitebait\" title=\"Whitebait\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Whitebait<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Commercial_fish\" title=\"Category:Commercial fish\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">more...<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crustacean\" title=\"Crustacean\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Crustaceans<\/a><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crab\" title=\"Crab\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Crab<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Krill\" title=\"Krill\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Krill<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lobster\" title=\"Lobster\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Lobster<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shrimp\" title=\"Shrimp\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Shrimp<\/a>\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prawn\" title=\"Prawn\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Prawns<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Commercial_crustaceans\" title=\"Category:Commercial crustaceans\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">more...<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mollusc\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Mollusc\" target=\"_new\">Molluscs<\/a><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Abalone\" title=\"Abalone\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Abalone<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mussel\" title=\"Mussel\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Mussels<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Octopus\" title=\"Octopus\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Octopus<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Oyster\" title=\"Oyster\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Oysters<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Scallop\" title=\"Scallop\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Scallops<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Squid\" title=\"Squid\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Squid<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Commercial_molluscs\" title=\"Category:Commercial molluscs\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">more...<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Echinoderm\" title=\"Echinoderm\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Echinoderms<\/a><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sea_cucumber\" title=\"Sea cucumber\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Sea cucumbers<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sea_urchin\" title=\"Sea urchin\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Sea urchin<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Commercial_echinoderms\" title=\"Category:Commercial echinoderms\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">more...<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\">Fisheries<\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cod_fisheries\" title=\"Cod fisheries\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Cod fisheries<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crab_fisheries\" title=\"Crab fisheries\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Crab fisheries<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Krill_fishery\" title=\"Krill fishery\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Krill fishery<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lobster_fishing\" title=\"Lobster fishing\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Lobster fishing<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shrimp_fishery\" title=\"Shrimp fishery\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Shrimp fishery<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"noviewer navbox-image\" rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px\"><div><span typeof=\"mw:File\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Atlantic_cod.jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" title=\"Atlantic cod\" target=\"_new\"><img loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Atlantic cod\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/a\/a3\/Atlantic_cod.jpg\/250px-Atlantic_cod.jpg\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"140\" height=\"60\" class=\"mw-file-element\" \/><\/a><\/span><br \/><br \/><span typeof=\"mw:File\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Lobster_(PSF).png\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" title=\"Lobster\" target=\"_new\"><img loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Lobster\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/8\/8c\/Lobster_%28PSF%29.png\/120px-Lobster_%28PSF%29.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"100\" height=\"62\" class=\"mw-file-element\" \/><\/a><\/span><br \/><br \/><span typeof=\"mw:File\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Pacific_oysters_01.jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" title=\"Pacific oysters\" target=\"_new\"><img loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Pacific oysters\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/3\/3d\/Pacific_oysters_01.jpg\/120px-Pacific_oysters_01.jpg\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"80\" height=\"59\" class=\"mw-file-element\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aquaculture\" title=\"Aquaculture\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Farmed<\/a><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Carp#Aquaculture\" title=\"Carp\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Carp<\/a>\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bighead_carp\" title=\"Bighead carp\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">bighead<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Common_carp\" title=\"Common carp\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">common<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crucian_carp\" title=\"Crucian carp\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">crucian<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Grass_carp\" title=\"Grass carp\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">grass<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Silver_carp\" title=\"Silver carp\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">silver<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aquaculture_of_catfish\" title=\"Aquaculture of catfish\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Catfish<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Freshwater_prawn_farming\" title=\"Freshwater prawn farming\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Freshwater prawns<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gilt-head_bream\" title=\"Gilt-head bream\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Gilt-head bream<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mussel#Aquaculture\" title=\"Mussel\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Mussels<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Oyster_farming\" title=\"Oyster farming\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Oysters<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aquaculture_of_salmon\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Aquaculture of salmon\" target=\"_new\">Salmon<\/a>\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atlantic_salmon\" title=\"Atlantic salmon\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Atlantic<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rainbow_trout\" title=\"Rainbow trout\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">salmon trout<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Coho_salmon\" title=\"Coho salmon\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">coho<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinook_salmon\" title=\"Chinook salmon\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">chinook<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Scallop_aquaculture\" title=\"Scallop aquaculture\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Scallops<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Seaweed_farming\" title=\"Seaweed farming\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Seaweed<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marine_shrimp_farming\" title=\"Marine shrimp farming\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Shrimp<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aquaculture_of_tilapia\" title=\"Aquaculture of tilapia\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Tilapia<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"navbox-abovebelow\" colspan=\"3\"><div>\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Commercial_fishing\" title=\"Commercial fishing\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Commercial fishing<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_fish_production\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"World fish production\" target=\"_new\">World fish production<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_commercially_important_fish_species\" title=\"List of commercially important fish species\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Commercial species<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_fishing_topics_by_subject\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"List of fishing topics by subject\" target=\"_new\">Fishing topics<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fisheries_glossary\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Fisheries glossary\" target=\"_new\">Fisheries glossary<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div>\n<div class=\"navbox-styles\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333133064\" \/><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1353707246\" \/><\/div><div role=\"navigation\" class=\"navbox\" aria-labelledby=\"Seafood3647\" style=\"padding:3px\"><table class=\"nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner\" style=\"border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit\"><tbody><tr><th scope=\"col\" class=\"navbox-title\" colspan=\"2\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333133064\" \/><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231\" \/><div id=\"rdp-we-Seafood3647\" style=\"font-size:114%;margin:0 4em\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Seafood\" title=\"Seafood\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Seafood<\/a><\/div><\/th><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fish_as_food\" title=\"Fish as food\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Fish<\/a><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anchovies_as_food\" title=\"Anchovies as food\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Anchovy<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Barramundi#As_food\" title=\"Barramundi\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Barramundi<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Billfish#As_food\" title=\"Billfish\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Billfish<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Carp#As_food\" title=\"Carp\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Carp<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Catfish#Catfish_as_food\" title=\"Catfish\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Catfish<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cod_as_food\" title=\"Cod as food\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Cod<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eel_as_food\" title=\"Eel as food\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Eel<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Flatfish#As_food\" title=\"Flatfish\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Flatfish<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Flounder#As_food\" title=\"Flounder\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Flounder<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Herring_as_food\" title=\"Herring as food\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Herring<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mackerel_as_food\" title=\"Mackerel as food\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Mackerel<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Salmon_as_food\" title=\"Salmon as food\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Salmon<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sardines_as_food\" title=\"Sardines as food\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Sardine<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shark_meat\" title=\"Shark meat\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Shark<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sturgeon#Uses\" title=\"Sturgeon\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Sturgeon<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Swordfish#As_food\" title=\"Swordfish\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Swordfish<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tilapia#As_food\" title=\"Tilapia\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Tilapia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Trout#Trout_as_food\" title=\"Trout\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Trout<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tuna#Food\" title=\"Tuna\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Tuna<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Whitebait\" title=\"Whitebait\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Whitebait<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shellfish\" title=\"Shellfish\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Shellfish<\/a><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Abalone#Consumption\" title=\"Abalone\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Abalone<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cockle_(bivalve)#In_cuisine_and_culture\" title=\"Cockle (bivalve)\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Cockles<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Conch#Culinary_use\" title=\"Conch\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Conch<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crab_meat\" title=\"Crab meat\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Crab<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crayfish_as_food\" title=\"Crayfish as food\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Crayfish<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Geoduck#Culinary_uses\" title=\"Geoduck\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Geoduck<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Krill#Human_consumption\" title=\"Krill\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Krill<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lobster#As_food\" title=\"Lobster\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Lobster<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mussel#As_food\" title=\"Mussel\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Mussels<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Oyster#As_food\" title=\"Oyster\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Oysters<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shrimp_and_prawn_as_food\" title=\"Shrimp and prawn as food\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Prawn\/Shrimp<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Scallop#As_food\" title=\"Scallop\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Scallops<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sea_urchin#As_food\" title=\"Sea urchin\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Sea urchins<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Edible_crustaceans\" title=\"Category:Edible crustaceans\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Crustaceans<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Edible_molluscs\" title=\"Category:Edible molluscs\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Molluscs<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\">Other seafood<\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jellyfish_as_food\" title=\"Jellyfish as food\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Jellyfish<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marine_mammals_as_food\" title=\"Marine mammals as food\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Marine mammals<\/a>\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Whale_meat\" title=\"Whale meat\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Whale<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Octopus_as_food\" title=\"Octopus as food\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Octopus<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sea_cucumbers_as_food\" title=\"Sea cucumbers as food\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Sea cucumber<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Edible_seaweed\" title=\"Edible seaweed\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Seaweed<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Squid_as_food\" title=\"Squid as food\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Squid<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Edible_algae\" title=\"Category:Edible algae\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Algae<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_types_of_seafood\" title=\"List of types of seafood\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">List of seafoods<\/a><\/li>\n<li><span class=\"noviewer\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span title=\"Category\"><img loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/en\/thumb\/9\/96\/Symbol_category_class.svg\/20px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" class=\"mw-file-element\" \/><\/span><\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Seafood\" title=\"Category:Seafood\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">more...<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fish_processing\" title=\"Fish processing\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Processed<br \/>seafood<\/a><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Caviar\" title=\"Caviar\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Caviar<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dried_fish\" title=\"Dried fish\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Dried fish<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Canned_fish\" title=\"Canned fish\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Canned fish<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cod_liver_oil\" title=\"Cod liver oil\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Cod liver oil<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cured_fish\" title=\"Cured fish\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Cured fish<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fermented_fish\" title=\"Fermented fish\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Fermented fish<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fish_fillet\" title=\"Fish fillet\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Fish fillet<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fish_head\" title=\"Fish head\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Fish head<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fish_maw\" title=\"Fish maw\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Fish maw<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fish_oil\" title=\"Fish oil\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Fish oil<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fish_sauce\" title=\"Fish sauce\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Fish sauce<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fish_paste\" title=\"Fish paste\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Fish paste<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fish_steak\" title=\"Fish steak\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Fish steak<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fish_stock_(food)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Fish stock (food)\" target=\"_new\">Fish stock<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lutefisk\" title=\"Lutefisk\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Lutefisk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Salted_fish\" title=\"Salted fish\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Salted fish<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Salted_squid\" title=\"Salted squid\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Salted squid<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shark_liver_oil\" title=\"Shark liver oil\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Shark liver oil<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shrimp_paste\" title=\"Shrimp paste\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Shrimp paste<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Smoked_fish\" title=\"Smoked fish\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Smoked fish<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Stockfish\" title=\"Stockfish\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Stockfish<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Surimi\" title=\"Surimi\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Surimi<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Roe\" title=\"Roe\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Roe<\/a><\/li>\n<li><span class=\"noviewer\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span title=\"Category\"><img loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/en\/thumb\/9\/96\/Symbol_category_class.svg\/20px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" class=\"mw-file-element\" \/><\/span><\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Fish_processing\" title=\"Category:Fish processing\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">more...<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Seafood_dishes\" title=\"Seafood dishes\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Seafood dishes<\/a><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_seafood_dishes\" title=\"List of seafood dishes\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">List of seafood dishes<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_crab_dishes\" title=\"List of crab dishes\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">List of crab dishes<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_fish_dishes\" title=\"List of fish dishes\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">List of fish dishes<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_raw_fish_dishes\" title=\"List of raw fish dishes\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">List of raw fish dishes<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_tuna_dishes\" title=\"List of tuna dishes\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">List of tuna dishes<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bisque_(food)\" title=\"Bisque (food)\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Bisque<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chowder\" title=\"Chowder\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Chowder<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fish_and_chips\" title=\"Fish and chips\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Fish and chips<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fish_pie\" title=\"Fish pie\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Fish pie<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fish_soup\" title=\"Fish soup\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Fish soup<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fried_fish\" title=\"Fried fish\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Fried fish<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hoe_(food)\" title=\"Hoe (food)\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Hoe<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Seafood_boil\" title=\"Seafood boil\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Seafood boil<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shark_fin_soup\" title=\"Shark fin soup\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Shark fin soup<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sushi\" title=\"Sushi\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Sushi<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sushi_bake\" title=\"Sushi bake\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Sushi bake<\/a><\/li>\n<li><span class=\"noviewer\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span title=\"Category\"><img loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/en\/thumb\/9\/96\/Symbol_category_class.svg\/20px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" class=\"mw-file-element\" \/><\/span><\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Seafood_dishes\" title=\"Category:Seafood dishes\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">more...<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\">Health hazards<\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ciguatera\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Ciguatera\" target=\"_new\">Ciguatera<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fish_diseases_and_parasites\" title=\"Fish diseases and parasites\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Fish diseases and parasites<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mercury_in_fish\" title=\"Mercury in fish\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Mercury in fish<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Metagonimiasis\" title=\"Metagonimiasis\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Metagonimiasis<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Scombroid_food_poisoning\" title=\"Scombroid food poisoning\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Scombroid food poisoning<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shellfish_poisoning\" title=\"Shellfish poisoning\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Shellfish poisoning<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\">Advisory services<\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Seafood_mislabelling\" title=\"Seafood mislabelling\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Seafood mislabelling<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sustainable_seafood\" title=\"Sustainable seafood\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Sustainable seafood<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sustainable_seafood_advisory_lists_and_certification\" title=\"Sustainable seafood advisory lists and certification\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Sustainable seafood advisory lists and certification<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\">Animal welfare<\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Declawing_of_crabs\" title=\"Declawing of crabs\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Declawing of crabs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eyestalk_ablation\" title=\"Eyestalk ablation\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Eyestalk ablation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eating_live_seafood\" title=\"Eating live seafood\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Eating live seafood<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Goldfish_swallowing\" title=\"Goldfish swallowing\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Goldfish swallowing<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Live_fish_trade\" title=\"Live fish trade\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Live fish trade<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pain_in_fish\" title=\"Pain in fish\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Pain in fish<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pain_in_crustaceans\" title=\"Pain in crustaceans\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Pain in crustaceans<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shark_finning\" title=\"Shark finning\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Shark finning<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\">Related topics<\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fish_preservation\" title=\"Fish preservation\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Fish preservation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fish_processing\" title=\"Fish processing\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Fish processing<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gathering_seafood_by_hand\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Gathering seafood by hand\" target=\"_new\">Gathering seafood by hand<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_seafood\" title=\"History of seafood\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">History of seafood<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_sushi\" title=\"History of sushi\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">History of sushi<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_seafood_companies\" title=\"List of seafood companies\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">List of seafood companies<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pescetarianism\" title=\"Pescetarianism\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Pescetarianism<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Raw_bar\" title=\"Raw bar\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Raw bar<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Salmon_cannery\" title=\"Salmon cannery\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Salmon cannery<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Seafood_restaurant\" title=\"Seafood restaurant\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Seafood restaurant<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"navbox-abovebelow\" colspan=\"2\"><div>\n<ul><li><span class=\"nowrap\"><span class=\"skin-invert-image noviewer\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Foodlogo2.svg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><img loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"icon\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/d6\/Foodlogo2.svg\/20px-Foodlogo2.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"17\" height=\"12\" class=\"mw-file-element\" \/><\/a><\/span> <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portal:Food\" title=\"Portal:Food\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Food&#32;portal<\/a><\/li>\n<li><span class=\"noviewer\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span title=\"Category\"><img loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/en\/thumb\/9\/96\/Symbol_category_class.svg\/20px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" class=\"mw-file-element\" \/><\/span><\/span>&#160;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Seafood\" title=\"Category:Seafood\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Category: Seafood<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div>\n<div class=\"navbox-styles\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333133064\" \/><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1353707246\" \/><\/div><div role=\"navigation\" class=\"navbox\" aria-labelledby=\"Meat6686\" style=\"padding:3px\"><table class=\"nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner\" style=\"border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit\"><tbody><tr><th scope=\"col\" class=\"navbox-title\" colspan=\"3\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333133064\" \/><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231\" \/><div id=\"rdp-we-Meat6686\" style=\"font-size:114%;margin:0 4em\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Meat\" title=\"Meat\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Meat<\/a><\/div><\/th><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Poultry\" title=\"Poultry\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Poultry<\/a><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cassowary\" title=\"Cassowary\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Cassowary<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chicken_as_food\" title=\"Chicken as food\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Chicken<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Duck_as_food\" title=\"Duck as food\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Duck<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Emu\" title=\"Emu\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Emu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Goose_as_food\" title=\"Goose as food\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Goose<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ostrich_meat\" title=\"Ostrich meat\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Ostrich<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Squab\" title=\"Squab\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Pigeon<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Quail_as_food\" title=\"Quail as food\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Quail<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rhea_(bird)\" title=\"Rhea (bird)\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Rhea<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Turkey_as_food\" title=\"Turkey as food\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Turkey<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><td class=\"noviewer navbox-image\" rowspan=\"13\" style=\"width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px\"><div><span typeof=\"mw:File\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:FoodMeat.jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" title=\"Food meat\" target=\"_new\"><img loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Food meat\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/a\/ae\/FoodMeat.jpg\/120px-FoodMeat.jpg\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"100\" height=\"66\" class=\"mw-file-element\" \/><\/a><\/span><br \/><span typeof=\"mw:File\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Plateau_van_zeevruchten.jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" title=\"Platter of seafood\" target=\"_new\"><img loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Platter of seafood\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/a\/ae\/Plateau_van_zeevruchten.jpg\/120px-Plateau_van_zeevruchten.jpg\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" class=\"mw-file-element\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Livestock\" title=\"Livestock\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Livestock<\/a><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alpaca\" title=\"Alpaca\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Alpaca<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Beef\" title=\"Beef\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Beef<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Beefalo\" title=\"Beefalo\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Beefalo<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/American_bison\" title=\"American bison\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Bison<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Buffalo_meat\" title=\"Buffalo meat\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Buffalo<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Camel_meat\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Camel meat\" target=\"_new\">Camel<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cat_meat\" title=\"Cat meat\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Cat<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Goat_meat\" title=\"Goat meat\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Goat<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dog_meat\" title=\"Dog meat\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Dog<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Donkey_meat\" title=\"Donkey meat\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Donkey<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Snails_as_food\" title=\"Snails as food\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Snails<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Frog_legs\" title=\"Frog legs\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Frog<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guinea_pig\" title=\"Guinea pig\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Guinea pig<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Horse_meat\" title=\"Horse meat\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Horse<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lamb_and_mutton\" title=\"Lamb and mutton\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Lamb and mutton<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Llama\" title=\"Llama\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Llama<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pork\" title=\"Pork\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Pork<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Veal\" title=\"Veal\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Veal<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yak\" title=\"Yak\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Yak<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%C5%BBubro%C5%84\" title=\"\u017bubro\u0144\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">\u017bubro\u0144<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Game_(hunting)\" title=\"Game (hunting)\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Game<\/a><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alligator_meat\" title=\"Alligator meat\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Alligator<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bat_as_food\" title=\"Bat as food\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Bat<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bear_hunting\" title=\"Bear hunting\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Bear<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bushmeat\" title=\"Bushmeat\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Bushmeat<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wild_boar\" title=\"Wild boar\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Boar<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crocodile_meat\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Crocodile meat\" target=\"_new\">Crocodile<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Elephant_meat\" title=\"Elephant meat\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Elephant<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fox#As_food\" title=\"Fox\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Fox<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iguana_meat\" title=\"Iguana meat\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Iguana<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kangaroo_meat\" title=\"Kangaroo meat\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Kangaroo<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Monkey_meat\" title=\"Monkey meat\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Monkey<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mouse#As_food\" title=\"Mouse\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Mouse<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pangolin_trade\" title=\"Pangolin trade\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Pangolin<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rat_meat\" title=\"Rat meat\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Rat<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hare\" title=\"Hare\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Hare<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rabbit#As_food_and_clothing\" title=\"Rabbit\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Rabbit<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Snake#Consumption\" title=\"Snake\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Snake<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Turtle\" title=\"Turtle\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Turtle<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Venison\" title=\"Venison\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Venison<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dog_meat\" title=\"Dog meat\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Dog<\/a>\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wolf_hunting\" title=\"Wolf hunting\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Wolf<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fish_as_food\" title=\"Fish as food\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Fish<\/a><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anchovies_as_food\" title=\"Anchovies as food\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Anchovy<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basa_(fish)\" title=\"Basa (fish)\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Basa<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bass_(fish)\" title=\"Bass (fish)\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Bass<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Carp#As_food\" title=\"Carp\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Carp<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Catfish\" title=\"Catfish\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Catfish<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cod_as_food\" title=\"Cod as food\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Cod<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crappie\" title=\"Crappie\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Crappie<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eel_as_food\" title=\"Eel as food\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Eel<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Flounder\" title=\"Flounder\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Flounder<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"mw-selflink selflink\">Grouper<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Haddock\" title=\"Haddock\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Haddock<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Halibut\" title=\"Halibut\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Halibut<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Herring_as_food\" title=\"Herring as food\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Herring<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/King_mackerel\" title=\"King mackerel\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Kingfish<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mackerel_as_food\" title=\"Mackerel as food\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Mackerel<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mahi-mahi\" title=\"Mahi-mahi\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Mahi Mahi<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marlin\" title=\"Marlin\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Marlin<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Milkfish\" title=\"Milkfish\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Milkfish<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Orange_roughy\" title=\"Orange roughy\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Orange roughy<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pacific_saury\" title=\"Pacific saury\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Pacific saury<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Perch\" title=\"Perch\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Perch<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Esox\" title=\"Esox\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Pike<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cod_as_food\" title=\"Cod as food\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Pollock<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Salmon_as_food\" title=\"Salmon as food\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Salmon<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sardines_as_food\" title=\"Sardines as food\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Sardine<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shark_meat\" title=\"Shark meat\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Shark<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sole_(fish)\" title=\"Sole (fish)\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Sole<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iridescent_shark\" title=\"Iridescent shark\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Swai<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Swordfish\" title=\"Swordfish\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Swordfish<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tilapia\" title=\"Tilapia\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Tilapia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Trout\" title=\"Trout\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Trout<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tuna_as_food\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Tuna as food\" target=\"_new\">Tuna<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wahoo\" title=\"Wahoo\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Wahoo<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Walleye\" title=\"Walleye\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Walleye<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shellfish\" title=\"Shellfish\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Shellfish<\/a> and<br \/>other <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Seafood\" title=\"Seafood\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">seafood<\/a><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Abalone\" title=\"Abalone\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Abalone<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Squid_as_food\" title=\"Squid as food\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Calamari<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chiton\" title=\"Chiton\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Chiton<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Clam\" title=\"Clam\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Clam<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crab_meat\" title=\"Crab meat\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Crab<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crayfish_as_food\" title=\"Crayfish as food\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Crayfish<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dolphin\" title=\"Dolphin\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Dolphin<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jellyfish_as_food\" title=\"Jellyfish as food\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Jellyfish<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lobster_as_food\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Lobster as food\" target=\"_new\">Lobster<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mussel\" title=\"Mussel\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Mussel<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Octopus_as_food\" title=\"Octopus as food\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Octopus<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Oyster\" title=\"Oyster\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Oyster<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Scallop\" title=\"Scallop\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Scallop<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Seal_meat\" title=\"Seal meat\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Seal<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shrimp_and_prawn_as_food\" title=\"Shrimp and prawn as food\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Shrimp\/prawn<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sea_cucumbers_as_food\" title=\"Sea cucumbers as food\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Sea cucumber<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ascidiacea#Culinary\" title=\"Ascidiacea\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Sea squirt<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sea_urchin#As_food\" title=\"Sea urchin\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Sea urchin<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Whale_meat\" title=\"Whale meat\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Whale<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Insects_as_food\" title=\"Insects as food\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Insects<\/a><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ant_eggs\" title=\"Ant eggs\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Ants<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hermetia_illucens\" title=\"Hermetia illucens\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Black soldier fly maggots<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cicada\" title=\"Cicada\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Cicada<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cricket_(insect)\" title=\"Cricket (insect)\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Crickets<\/a>\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cricket_flour\" title=\"Cricket flour\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Flour<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Grasshopper\" title=\"Grasshopper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Grasshoppers<\/a> (<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Locust\" title=\"Locust\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">locust<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mealworm\" title=\"Mealworm\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Mealworm<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mezcal_worm\" title=\"Mezcal worm\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Mezcal worm<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mojojoy\" title=\"Mojojoy\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Mojojoy<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bombyx_mori\" title=\"Bombyx mori\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Silkworm<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gonimbrasia_belina\" title=\"Gonimbrasia belina\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Mopane worm<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rhynchophorus\" title=\"Rhynchophorus\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Palm grub<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\">Cuts and<br \/>preparation<\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Meat_hanging\" title=\"Meat hanging\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Aged<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bacon\" title=\"Bacon\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Bacon<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Barbecue\" title=\"Barbecue\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Barbecued<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Biltong\" title=\"Biltong\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Biltong<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Braising\" title=\"Braising\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Braised<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Patty\" title=\"Patty\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Burger<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Charcuterie\" title=\"Charcuterie\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Charcuterie<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Meat_chop\" title=\"Meat chop\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Chop<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Confit#Meat_confit\" title=\"Confit\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Confit<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Corned_beef\" title=\"Corned beef\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Corned<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Curing_(food_preservation)\" title=\"Curing (food preservation)\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Cured<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cutlet\" title=\"Cutlet\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Cutlet<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dried_meat\" title=\"Dried meat\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Dried<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dum_pukht\" title=\"Dum pukht\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Dum<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fermented_meat\" title=\"Fermented meat\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Fermented<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fillet_(cut)\" title=\"Fillet (cut)\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Fillet<\/a>\/<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Supreme_(cooking)\" title=\"Supreme (cooking)\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">supreme<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Forcemeat\" title=\"Forcemeat\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Forcemeat<\/a>\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cretons\" title=\"Cretons\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Cretons<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/P%C3%A2t%C3%A9\" title=\"P\u00e2t\u00e9\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">P\u00e2t\u00e9<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Frying\" title=\"Frying\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Fried<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Frozen_food\" title=\"Frozen food\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Frozen<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ground_meat\" title=\"Ground meat\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Ground<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ham\" title=\"Ham\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Ham<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jerky\" title=\"Jerky\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Jerky<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kebab\" title=\"Kebab\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Kebab<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kidney_(food)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Kidney (food)\" target=\"_new\">Kidney<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Liver_(food)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Liver (food)\" target=\"_new\">Liver<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lunch_meat\" title=\"Lunch meat\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Luncheon meat<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marination\" title=\"Marination\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Marinated<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Meatball\" title=\"Meatball\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Meatball<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Meatloaf\" title=\"Meatloaf\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Meatloaf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Offal\" title=\"Offal\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Offal<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pickling\" title=\"Pickling\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Pickled<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pemmican\" title=\"Pemmican\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Pemmican<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Poaching_(cooking)\" title=\"Poaching (cooking)\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Poached<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Potted_meat\" title=\"Potted meat\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Potted<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rillettes\" title=\"Rillettes\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Rillettes<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Roasting\" title=\"Roasting\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Roasted<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Salting_(food)#Meat\" title=\"Salting (food)\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Salt-cured<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Salumi\" title=\"Salumi\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Salumi<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sausage\" title=\"Sausage\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Sausage<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Smoked_meat\" title=\"Smoked meat\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Smoked<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Steak\" title=\"Steak\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Steak<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Stew#Types_of_stew\" title=\"Stew\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Stewed<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tandoor\" title=\"Tandoor\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Tandoor<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Steak_tartare\" title=\"Steak tartare\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Tartare<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\">List articles<\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\"><\/div><table class=\"nowraplinks navbox-subgroup\" style=\"border-spacing:0\"><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_meat_dishes\" title=\"List of meat dishes\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Meat dishes<\/a><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_beef_dishes\" title=\"List of beef dishes\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Beef<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_chicken_dishes\" title=\"List of chicken dishes\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Chicken<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_fish_dishes\" title=\"List of fish dishes\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Fish<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_goat_dishes\" title=\"List of goat dishes\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Goat<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_lamb_dishes\" title=\"List of lamb dishes\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Lamb<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_pork_dishes\" title=\"List of pork dishes\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Pork<\/a>\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_ham_dishes\" title=\"List of ham dishes\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Ham<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_seafood_dishes\" title=\"List of seafood dishes\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Seafood<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_veal_dishes\" title=\"List of veal dishes\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Veal<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_steak_dishes\" title=\"List of steak dishes\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Steaks<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_meatball_dishes\" title=\"List of meatball dishes\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Meatball<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_smoked_foods\" title=\"List of smoked foods\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Smoked foods<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_sausage_dishes\" title=\"List of sausage dishes\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Sausage<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\">Other<\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_countries_by_meat_consumption\" title=\"List of countries by meat consumption\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Countries by meat consumption<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_countries_by_meat_production\" title=\"List of countries by meat production\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Countries by meat production<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Food_and_drink_prohibitions\" title=\"Food and drink prohibitions\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Food and drink prohibitions<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_meat_substitutes\" title=\"List of meat substitutes\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Meat substitutes<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><div><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\">Ethics and<br \/>psychology<\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ethics_of_eating_meat\" title=\"Ethics of eating meat\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Ethics of eating meat<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Carnism\" title=\"Carnism\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Carnism<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Animal_rights\" title=\"Animal rights\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Animal rights<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Psychology_of_eating_meat\" title=\"Psychology of eating meat\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Psychology of eating meat<\/a>\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Psychology_of_eating_meat#Meat_paradox\" title=\"Psychology of eating meat\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Meat paradox<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\">Alternatives<\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vegetarianism\" title=\"Vegetarianism\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Vegetarianism<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Flexitarianism\" title=\"Flexitarianism\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Semi-vegetarianism<\/a>\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pescetarianism\" title=\"Pescetarianism\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Pescetarianism<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pollotarianism\" title=\"Pollotarianism\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Pollotarianism<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Plant-based_diet\" title=\"Plant-based diet\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Plant-based diet<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Meat_alternative\" title=\"Meat alternative\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Meat alternative<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Veganism\" title=\"Veganism\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Veganism<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Meat_science\" title=\"Meat science\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Meat science<\/a><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Beef_hormone_controversy\" title=\"Beef hormone controversy\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Beef hormone controversy<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Drip_loss\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Drip loss\" target=\"_new\">Drip loss<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Feed_conversion_ratio\" title=\"Feed conversion ratio\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Feed conversion ratio<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Food_preservation\" title=\"Food preservation\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Preservation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Meat_tenderness\" title=\"Meat tenderness\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Tenderness<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Meat_water_holding_capacity\" title=\"Meat water holding capacity\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Water holding capacity<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Meat_industry\" title=\"Meat industry\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Meat industry<\/a><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Meat_broker\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Meat broker\" target=\"_new\">Broker<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Branch_house_(building)\" title=\"Branch house (building)\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Branch house<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Butcher\" title=\"Butcher\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Butcher<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Meat_cutter\" title=\"Meat cutter\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Cutter<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Environmental_impacts_of_animal_agriculture\" title=\"Environmental impacts of animal agriculture\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Environmental impact<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Intensive_animal_farming\" title=\"Intensive animal farming\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Factory farming<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Meat_jobber\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Meat jobber\" target=\"_new\">Jobber<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Meat-packing_industry\" title=\"Meat-packing industry\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Packing<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Animal_slaughter\" title=\"Animal slaughter\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Slaughter<\/a>\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Slaughterhouse\" title=\"Slaughterhouse\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Slaughterhouse<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\">Related<br \/>subjects<\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Arachnophagy\" title=\"Arachnophagy\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Arachnophagy<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Artificial_marbling\" title=\"Artificial marbling\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Artificial marbling<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Human_cannibalism\" title=\"Human cannibalism\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Cannibalism<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Case-ready_meat\" title=\"Case-ready meat\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Case-ready meat<\/a>\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Meat_diaper\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Meat diaper\" target=\"_new\">Meat diaper<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cultured_meat\" title=\"Cultured meat\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Cultured meat<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doneness\" title=\"Doneness\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Doneness<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Entomophagy_in_humans\" title=\"Entomophagy in humans\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Entomophagy<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mystery_meat\" title=\"Mystery meat\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Mystery meat<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Offal\" title=\"Offal\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Offal<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Non-vegetarian_food_in_India\" title=\"Non-vegetarian food in India\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Non-vegetarian food in India<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pink_slime\" title=\"Pink slime\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Pink slime<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Raw_meat\" title=\"Raw meat\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Raw meat<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Red_meat\" title=\"Red meat\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Red meat<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Roadkill_cuisine\" title=\"Roadkill cuisine\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Roadkill cuisine<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Warmed-over_flavor\" title=\"Warmed-over flavor\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Warmed-over flavor<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/White_meat\" title=\"White meat\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">White meat<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"navbox-abovebelow\" colspan=\"3\"><div>\n<ul><li><span class=\"nowrap\"><span class=\"skin-invert-image noviewer\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Foodlogo2.svg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><img loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"icon\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/d6\/Foodlogo2.svg\/20px-Foodlogo2.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"17\" height=\"12\" class=\"mw-file-element\" \/><\/a><\/span> <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portal:Food\" title=\"Portal:Food\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Food&#32;portal<\/a><\/li>\n<li><span class=\"noviewer\" typeof=\"mw:File\"><span title=\"Category\"><img loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/en\/thumb\/9\/96\/Symbol_category_class.svg\/20px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" class=\"mw-file-element\" \/><\/span><\/span>&#160;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Meat\" title=\"Category:Meat\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Category: Meat<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div>\n<div class=\"navbox-styles\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333133064\" \/><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1353707246\" \/><\/div><div role=\"navigation\" class=\"navbox\" aria-labelledby=\"Taxon&#95;identifiers1681\" style=\"padding:3px\"><table class=\"nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner\" style=\"border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit\"><tbody><tr><th scope=\"col\" class=\"navbox-title\" colspan=\"2\"><div id=\"rdp-we-Taxon&#95;identifiers1681\" style=\"font-size:114%;margin:0 4em\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:Taxon_identifiers\" title=\"Help:Taxon identifiers\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Taxon identifiers<\/a><\/div><\/th><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%;text-align: left;\"><i>Epinephelinae<\/i><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikidata\" title=\"Wikidata\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Wikidata<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><span class=\"external\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q5559352\" class=\"extiw wiki-link\" title=\"wikidata:Q5559352\" target=\"_new\">Q5559352<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikispecies\" title=\"Wikispecies\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Wikispecies<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><span class=\"external\"><a href=\"https:\/\/species.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Epinephelinae\" class=\"extiw wiki-link\" title=\"wikispecies:Epinephelinae\" target=\"_new\">Epinephelinae<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Animal_Diversity_Web\" title=\"Animal Diversity Web\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">ADW<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/animaldiversity.org\/accounts\/Epinephelinae\/\" target=\"_new\">Epinephelinae<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Australian_Faunal_Directory\" title=\"Australian Faunal Directory\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">AFD<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/biodiversity.org.au\/afd\/taxa\/Epinephelinae\" target=\"_new\">Epinephelinae<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System\" title=\"Integrated Taxonomic Information System\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">ITIS<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.itis.gov\/servlet\/SingleRpt\/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=551018\" target=\"_new\">551018<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/National_Biodiversity_Network\" title=\"National Biodiversity Network\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">NBN<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/species.nbnatlas.org\/species\/NHMSYS0021053396\" target=\"_new\">NHMSYS0021053396<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information\" title=\"National Center for Biotechnology Information\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">NCBI<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/Taxonomy\/Browser\/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=274794\" target=\"_new\">274794<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Paleobiology_Database\" title=\"Paleobiology Database\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Paleobiology Database<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/paleobiodb.org\/classic\/basicTaxonInfo?taxon_no=250615\" target=\"_new\">250615<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_Register_of_Marine_Species\" title=\"World Register of Marine Species\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">WoRMS<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=151758\" target=\"_new\">151758<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div>\n<div class=\"navbox-styles\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333133064\" \/><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1353707246\" \/><\/div><div role=\"navigation\" class=\"navbox authority-control\" aria-label=\"Navbox415\" style=\"padding:3px\"><table class=\"nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner\" style=\"border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit\"><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:Authority_control\" title=\"Help:Authority control\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Authority control databases<\/a>: National <span class=\"mw-valign-text-top noprint\" typeof=\"mw:File\/Frameless\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q5559352#identifiers\" title=\"Edit this at Wikidata\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><img loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Edit this at Wikidata\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/en\/thumb\/8\/8a\/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg\/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"10\" height=\"10\" class=\"mw-file-element\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\"><ul><li><span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nli.org.il\/en\/authorities\/987007543477605171\" target=\"_new\">Israel<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div>\n<!-- \nNewPP limit report\nParsed by mw\u2010web.codfw.main\u201059c5c74476\u2010854b8\nCached time: 20260603161629\nCache expiry: 2592000\nCache expiry source: Module:Citation\/CS1 (os.date(%Y))\nReduced expiry: false\nComplications: [vary\u2010revision\u2010sha1, prevent\u2010selective\u2010update, show\u2010toc]\nCPU time usage: 0.895 seconds\nReal time usage: 1.115 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 8556\/1000000\nRevision size: 20655\/2097152 bytes\nPost\u2010expand include size: 194778\/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 6540\/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 12\/100\nExpensive parser function count: 15\/500\nUnstrip recursion depth: 1\/20\nUnstrip post\u2010expand size: 145373\/5000000 bytes\nLua time usage: 0.582\/10.000 seconds\nLua memory usage: 18342336\/52428800 bytes\nNumber of Wikibase entities loaded: 8\/500\n-->\n<!--\nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00%  897.215      1 -total\n 21.19%  190.158      1 Template:Automatic_taxobox\n 20.57%  184.574      1 Template:Reflist\n 12.85%  115.286      6 Template:Navbox\n  9.48%   85.047      1 Template:Lang\n  8.90%   79.851      4 Template:Cite_journal\n  7.80%   70.000      1 Template:Grouper\n  7.20%   64.566      1 Template:Taxonbar\n  5.74%   51.465      1 Template:Short_description\n  4.65%   41.716     14 Template:Cite_web\n-->\n\n<!-- Render ID 93bb7771-5f67-11f1-b485-239b78846636 -->\n\n<!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:407822:|#|:idhash:canonical and timestamp 20260603161629 and revision id 1354062064. 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