{"id":712,"date":"2020-02-25T09:20:54","date_gmt":"2020-02-25T09:20:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/reefspecies.com\/moalboal\/?post_type=product&#038;p=712"},"modified":"2020-02-26T11:55:18","modified_gmt":"2020-02-26T11:55:18","slug":"flamboyant-cuttlefish","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/reefspecies.com\/moalboal\/species\/flamboyant-cuttlefish\/","title":{"rendered":"Flamboyant cuttlefish"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"rdp-we-main\" data-resource=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Metasepia_pfefferi\">\n<div id=\"rdp-we-mw-aria-live-region\" class=\"mw-aria-live-region\" aria-live=\"polite\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"vector-header-container\">\n\t<header class=\"vector-header mw-header no-font-mode-scale\">\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-header-start\">\n\t\t\t<nav class=\"vector-main-menu-landmark\" aria-label=\"Site\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-main-menu-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right\"  title=\"Main menu\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"rdp-we-vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox\"  aria-label=\"Main menu\"  >\n\t<label id=\"rdp-we-vector-main-menu-dropdown-label\" for=\"vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only\" aria-hidden=\"true\"  ><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu\"><\/span>\n\n<span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">Main menu<\/span>\n\t<\/label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-main-menu-unpinned-container\" class=\"vector-unpinned-container\">\n\t\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-main-menu\" class=\"vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element\">\n\t<div\n\tclass=\"vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned\"\n\tdata-feature-name=\"main-menu-pinned\"\n\tdata-pinnable-element-id=\"vector-main-menu\"\n\tdata-pinned-container-id=\"vector-main-menu-pinned-container\"\n\tdata-unpinned-container-id=\"vector-main-menu-unpinned-container\"\n>\n\t<div class=\"vector-pinnable-header-label\">Main menu<\/div>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin\">move to sidebar<\/button>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin\">hide<\/button>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-navigation\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation\"  >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-heading\">\n\t\tNavigation\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-n-mainpage-description\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Main_Page\" title=\"Visit the main page [z]\" accesskey=\"z\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Main page<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-n-contents\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Contents\" title=\"Guides to browsing Wikipedia\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Contents<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-n-currentevents\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portal:Current_events\" title=\"Articles related to current events\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Current events<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-n-randompage\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><span>Random article<\/span><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-n-aboutsite\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:About\" title=\"Learn about Wikipedia and how it works\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>About Wikipedia<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-n-contactpage\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Contact_us\" title=\"How to contact Wikipedia\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Contact us<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-interaction\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction\"  >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-heading\">\n\t\tContribute\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-n-help\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:Contents\" title=\"Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Help<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-n-introduction\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:Introduction\" title=\"Learn how to edit Wikipedia\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Learn to edit<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-n-portal\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Community_portal\" title=\"The hub for editors\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Community portal<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-n-recentchanges\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><span>Recent changes<\/span><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-n-upload\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard\" title=\"Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Upload file<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-n-specialpages\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><span>Special pages<\/span><\/li>\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\n<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Main_Page\" class=\"mw-logo wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">\n\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"mw-logo-icon\" src=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/static\/images\/icons\/enwiki-25.svg\" alt=\"\" aria-hidden=\"true\" height=\"50\" width=\"50\">\n\t<span class=\"mw-logo-container skin-invert\">\n\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"mw-logo-wordmark\" alt=\"Wikipedia\" src=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/static\/images\/mobile\/copyright\/wikipedia-wordmark-en-25.svg\" style=\"width: 8.75em; height: 1.375em;\">\n\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"mw-logo-tagline\" alt=\"The Free Encyclopedia\" src=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/static\/images\/mobile\/copyright\/wikipedia-tagline-en-25.svg\" width=\"140\" height=\"11\" style=\"width: 8.75em; height: 0.6875em;\">\n\t<\/span>\n<\/a>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-header-end\">\n\t\t\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-search\" role=\"search\" class=\"vector-search-box-vue  vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box\">\n\t<span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search\"><\/span>\n\n<span>Search<\/span>\n\t\n\t<div class=\"vector-typeahead-search-container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width\">\n\t\t\t<form action=\"\/w\/index.php\" id=\"rdp-we-searchform\" class=\"cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button\">\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-simpleSearch\" class=\"cdx-search-input__input-wrapper\"  data-search-loc=\"header-moved\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<input\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"cdx-text-input__input mw-searchInput\" autocomplete=\"off\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t type=\"search\" name=\"search\" placeholder=\"Search Wikipedia\" aria-label=\"Search Wikipedia\" autocapitalize=\"none\" spellcheck=\"false\" title=\"Search Wikipedia [f]\" accesskey=\"f\" id=\"rdp-we-searchInput\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"title\" value=\"Special:Search\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<button class=\"cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button\">Search<\/button>\n\t\t\t<\/form>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t<nav class=\"vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide\" aria-label=\"Personal tools\">\n\t<div class=\"vector-user-links-main\">\n\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-vector-user-menu-preferences\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet\"  >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-vector-user-menu-userpage\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet\"  >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t<nav class=\"vector-appearance-landmark\" aria-label=\"Appearance\">\n\t\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-appearance-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown\"  title=\"Change the appearance of the page&#039;s font size, width, and color\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"rdp-we-vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox\"  aria-label=\"Appearance\"  >\n\t<label id=\"rdp-we-vector-appearance-dropdown-label\" for=\"vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only\" aria-hidden=\"true\"  ><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance\"><\/span>\n\n<span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">Appearance<\/span>\n\t<\/label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-appearance-unpinned-container\" class=\"vector-unpinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t<\/nav>\n\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-vector-user-menu-notifications\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet\"  >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-vector-user-menu-overflow\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet\"  >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-pt-sitesupport-2\" class=\"mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item\"><a data-mw-interface href=\"https:\/\/donate.wikimedia.org\/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en\" class=\" wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Donate<\/span><\/a>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-pt-createaccount-2\" class=\"mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item\"><span>Create account<\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-pt-login-2\" class=\"mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item\"><span>Log in<\/span>\n<\/li>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-user-links-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out user-links-collapsible-item\"  title=\"Log in and more options\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"rdp-we-vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox\"  aria-label=\"Personal tools\"  >\n\t<label id=\"rdp-we-vector-user-links-dropdown-label\" for=\"vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only\" aria-hidden=\"true\"  ><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis\"><\/span>\n\n<span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">Personal tools<\/span>\n\t<\/label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-personal\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item\"  title=\"User menu\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-pt-sitesupport\" class=\"mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item\"><a data-mw-interface href=\"https:\/\/donate.wikimedia.org\/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en\" class=\" wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-heart mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-heart\"><\/span>\n\n<span>Donate<\/span><\/a>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-pt-createaccount\" class=\"mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item\"><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd\"><\/span>\n\n<span>Create account<\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-pt-login\" class=\"mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item\"><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn\"><\/span>\n\n<span>Log in<\/span>\n<\/li>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/nav>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/header>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mw-page-container\">\n\t<div class=\"mw-page-container-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-sitenotice-container\">\n\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-siteNotice\"><!-- CentralNotice --><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-column-start\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-main-menu-container\">\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-sticky-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<nav id=\"rdp-we-mw-panel-toc\" aria-label=\"Contents\" data-event-name=\"ui.sidebar-toc\" class=\"mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-toc-pinned-container\" class=\"vector-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-toc\" class=\"vector-toc vector-pinnable-element\">\n\t<div\n\tclass=\"vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned\"\n\tdata-feature-name=\"toc-pinned\"\n\tdata-pinnable-element-id=\"vector-toc\"\n\tdata-pinned-container-id=\"vector-toc-pinned-container\"\n\tdata-unpinned-container-id=\"vector-toc-unpinned-container\"\n>\n\t<h2 class=\"vector-pinnable-header-label\">Contents<\/h2>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin\">move to sidebar<\/button>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin\">hide<\/button>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\t<ul class=\"vector-toc-contents\" id=\"rdp-we-mw-panel-toc-list\">\n\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-mw-content-text\"\n\t\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"#\" class=\"vector-toc-link\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">(Top)<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-Taxonomy\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Taxonomy\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">1<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Taxonomy<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-Taxonomy-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-Description\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Description\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">2<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Description<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-Description-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-Distribution\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Distribution\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">3<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Distribution<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-Distribution-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-Habitat_and_biology\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Habitat_and_biology\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">4<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Habitat and biology<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t<button aria-controls=\"toc-Habitat_and_biology-sublist\" class=\"cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Toggle Habitat and biology subsection<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-Habitat_and_biology-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-Reproduction\"\n\t\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Reproduction\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">4.1<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span>Reproduction<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-Reproduction-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n\t<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-Commercial_value\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Commercial_value\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">5<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Commercial value<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-Commercial_value-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-Gallery\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">6<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Gallery<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-Gallery-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-References\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#References\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">7<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>References<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-References-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-External_links\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#External_links\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">8<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>External links<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-External_links-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"mw-content-container\">\n\t\t\t<main id=\"rdp-we-content\" class=\"mw-body\">\n\t\t\t\t<header class=\"mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar no-font-mode-scale\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<nav aria-label=\"Contents\" class=\"vector-toc-landmark\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-page-titlebar-toc\" class=\"vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left\"  title=\"Table of Contents\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"rdp-we-vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" 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class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin\">move to sidebar<\/button>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin\">hide<\/button>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-bodyContent\" class=\"vector-body\" aria-labelledby=\"firstHeading\" data-mw-ve-target-container>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-body-before-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-mw-content-text\" class=\"mw-body-content\"><div class=\"mw-subjectpageheader\">\n<\/div><div class=\"mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\"><div class=\"shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux\" style=\"display:none\">Species of cuttlefish<\/div>\n<p class=\"mw-empty-elt\">\n<\/p>\n\n<p><i><b>Ascarosepion pfefferi<\/b><\/i>, also known as the <b>flamboyant cuttlefish<\/b>, is a species of <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cuttlefish\" title=\"Cuttlefish\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">cuttlefish<\/a> occurring in tropical <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indo-Pacific\" title=\"Indo-Pacific\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Indo-Pacific<\/a> waters off northern <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Australia\" title=\"Australia\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Australia<\/a>, southern <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/New_Guinea\" title=\"New Guinea\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">New Guinea<\/a>, as well as numerous islands of the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Philippines\" title=\"Philippines\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Philippines<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indonesia\" title=\"Indonesia\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Indonesia<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Malaysia\" title=\"Malaysia\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Malaysia<\/a>.\n<\/p>\n<meta property=\"mw:PageProp\/toc\" \/>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-Taxonomy\">Taxonomy<\/h2><\/div>\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Type_specimen\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Type specimen\" target=\"_new\">type specimen<\/a>, a female, was collected off Challenger Station 188 in the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Arafura_Sea\" title=\"Arafura Sea\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Arafura Sea<\/a> (<span class=\"geo-inline\"><span class=\"plainlinks nourlexpansion\"><a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/geohack.toolforge.org\/geohack.php?pagename=Ascarosepion_pfefferi&params=09_59_S_139_42_E_scale:250000\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_new\"><span class=\"geo-default\"><span class=\"geo-dms\" title=\"Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location\"><span class=\"latitude\">09\u00b059\u2032S<\/span> <span class=\"longitude\">139\u00b042\u2032E<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"geo-multi-punct\">&#xfeff; \/ &#xfeff;<\/span><span class=\"geo-nondefault\"><span class=\"geo-dec\" title=\"Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location\">9.983\u00b0S 139.700\u00b0E<\/span><span style=\"display:none\">&#xfeff; \/ <span class=\"geo\">-9.983; 139.700<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span>) at a depth of 28 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fathom\" title=\"Fathom\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">fathoms<\/a> (51&#160;m (167&#160;ft)) on October 9, 1874, as part of the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Challenger_expedition\" title=\"Challenger expedition\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><i>Challenger<\/i> expedition<\/a>.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-3\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>3<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-Reid&#95;4-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Reid-4\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>4<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-5\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-5\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>5<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> It is deposited at <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Natural_History_Museum,_London\" title=\"Natural History Museum, London\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">The Natural History Museum<\/a> in <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/London\" title=\"London\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">London<\/a>.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-6\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-6\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>6<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p><p>The flamboyant cuttlefish was moved into <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Genus\" title=\"Genus\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">genus<\/a> <i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ascarosepion\" title=\"Ascarosepion\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Ascarosepion<\/a><\/i> in 2023; within this genus it is grouped with 13 other species, such as the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sepia_latimanus\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Sepia latimanus\" target=\"_new\">broadclub cuttlefish<\/a>, the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sepia_mestus\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Sepia mestus\" target=\"_new\">reaper cuttlefish<\/a>, and the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sepia_apama\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Sepia apama\" target=\"_new\">giant cuttlefish<\/a>. This reclassification renders the genus <i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Metasepia\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Metasepia\" target=\"_new\">Metasepia<\/a><\/i> obsolete.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-7\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-7\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>7<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-Description\">Description<\/h2><\/div>\n<figure class=\"mw-default-size\" typeof=\"mw:File\/Thumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Ascarosepion_pfefferi_(13532420473).jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/0\/0e\/Ascarosepion_pfefferi_%2813532420473%29.jpg\/250px-Ascarosepion_pfefferi_%2813532420473%29.jpg\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"167\" class=\"mw-file-element\" \/><\/a><figcaption><i>A. pfefferi<\/i> with feeding tentacles extended<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><i>A. pfefferi<\/i> is a robust-looking species, having a very broad, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Oval\" title=\"Oval\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">oval<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mantle_(mollusc)\" title=\"Mantle (mollusc)\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">mantle<\/a>. Arms are broad and blade-like and have four rows of suckers. The modified arm used by males for <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fertilisation\" title=\"Fertilisation\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">fertilisation<\/a>, called the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hectocotylus\" title=\"Hectocotylus\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">hectocotylus<\/a>, is borne on the left ventral arm. The oral surface of the modified region of the hectocotylus is wide, swollen, and fleshy. It bears transversely-grooved ridges and a deep furrow running along the middle. The sucker-bearing surface of the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tentacular_club\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Tentacular club\" target=\"_new\">tentacular clubs<\/a> is flattened, with 5 or 6 suckers arranged in transverse rows. These suckers differ greatly in size, with the largest located near the centre of the club. Three to four median suckers are especially large, occupying most of middle portion of the club. The swimming keel of the club extends considerably near to the carpus. The dorsal and ventral protective membranes are not joined at the base of the club, but fused to the tentacular stalk. Dorsal and ventral membranes differ in length and extend near to the carpus along the stalk. The dorsal membrane forms a shallow cleft at the junction with the stalk.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-Reid&#95;4-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Reid-4\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>4<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> \n<\/p><p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cuttlebone\" title=\"Cuttlebone\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">cuttlebone<\/a> of this species is small, two-thirds to three-quarters the length of the mantle, and positioned in its anterior. Characteristic of the former genus <i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Metasepia\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Metasepia\" target=\"_new\">Metasepia<\/a><\/i>, the cuttlebone is <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rhomboid\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Rhomboid\" target=\"_new\">rhomboidal<\/a> in outline. Both the anterior and posterior of the cuttlebone taper gradually to an acute point. The dorsal surface of the cuttlebone is yellowish and evenly convex. The texture throughout is smooth, lacking bumps or pustules. The dorsal median rib is absent. A thin film of <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chitin\" title=\"Chitin\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">chitin<\/a> covers the entire dorsal surface. The cuttlebone lacks a pronounced spine; if present, it is small and chitinous. The striated zone of the cuttlebone is concave, with the last loculus being strongly convex and thick in the front third. The <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sulcus_(anatomy)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Sulcus (anatomy)\" target=\"_new\">sulcus<\/a> is deep and wide and extends along the striated zone only. Striae (furrows) on the anterior surface form an inverted V-shape. The limbs of the inner cone are very short, narrow, and uniform in width, with the U-shape thickened slightly toward the back. The cuttlebone of <i>A. pfefferi<\/i> does not possess an outer cone, unlike that of most other cuttlefish species.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-Reid&#95;4-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Reid-4\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>4<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> As a result this particular genus of cuttlefish, both <i>A. pfefferi<\/i> and <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sister_species\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Sister species\" target=\"_new\">sister species<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Metasepia_tullbergi\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Metasepia tullbergi\" target=\"_new\"><i>A. tullbergi<\/i><\/a>, is the only one known to \"walk\" upon the sea floor. Due to the small size of its <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cuttlebone\" title=\"Cuttlebone\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">cuttlebone<\/a>, it can float only for a short time.\n<\/p><p>Most sources agree that <i>A. pfefferi<\/i> grows to 8&#160;cm (3.1&#160;in) in <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mantle_length\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Mantle length\" target=\"_new\">mantle length<\/a>,<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-Norman&#95;8-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Norman-8\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>8<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-9\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-9\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>9<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> although others give a maximum mantle length of 6&#160;cm (2.4&#160;in).<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-Reid&#95;4-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Reid-4\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>4<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> The dorsal surface of the mantle bears three pairs of large, flat, flap-like <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/papilla#English\" class=\"extiw wiki-link\" title=\"wiktionary:papilla\" target=\"_new\">papillae<\/a>. Papillae are also present over the eyes.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-Reid&#95;4-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Reid-4\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>4<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-Distribution\">Distribution<\/h2><\/div>\n<p>The natural range of <i>A. pfefferi<\/i> extends from <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mandurah\" title=\"Mandurah\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Mandurah<\/a> in <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Western_Australia\" title=\"Western Australia\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Western Australia<\/a> (<span class=\"geo-inline\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818\" \/><span class=\"plainlinks nourlexpansion\"><a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/geohack.toolforge.org\/geohack.php?pagename=Ascarosepion_pfefferi&params=32_33_S_115_04_E_scale:250000\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_new\"><span class=\"geo-default\"><span class=\"geo-dms\" title=\"Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location\"><span class=\"latitude\">32\u00b033\u2032S<\/span> <span class=\"longitude\">115\u00b004\u2032E<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"geo-multi-punct\">&#xfeff; \/ &#xfeff;<\/span><span class=\"geo-nondefault\"><span class=\"geo-dec\" title=\"Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location\">32.550\u00b0S 115.067\u00b0E<\/span><span style=\"display:none\">&#xfeff; \/ <span class=\"geo\">-32.550; 115.067<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span>), northeastward to <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moreton_Bay\" title=\"Moreton Bay\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Moreton Bay<\/a> in southern <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Queensland\" title=\"Queensland\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Queensland<\/a> (<span class=\"geo-inline\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818\" \/><span class=\"plainlinks nourlexpansion\"><a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/geohack.toolforge.org\/geohack.php?pagename=Ascarosepion_pfefferi&params=27_25_S_153_15_E_scale:250000\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_new\"><span class=\"geo-default\"><span class=\"geo-dms\" title=\"Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location\"><span class=\"latitude\">27\u00b025\u2032S<\/span> <span class=\"longitude\">153\u00b015\u2032E<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"geo-multi-punct\">&#xfeff; \/ &#xfeff;<\/span><span class=\"geo-nondefault\"><span class=\"geo-dec\" title=\"Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location\">27.417\u00b0S 153.250\u00b0E<\/span><span style=\"display:none\">&#xfeff; \/ <span class=\"geo\">-27.417; 153.250<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span>),<sup class=\"noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact\" style=\"white-space:nowrap;\">[<i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Citation_needed\" title=\"Wikipedia:Citation needed\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span title=\"This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2009)\">citation needed<\/span><\/a><\/i>]<\/sup> and across the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Arafura_Sea\" title=\"Arafura Sea\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Arafura Sea<\/a> to the southern coast of New Guinea.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-Reid&#95;4-5\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Reid-4\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>4<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> The species has also been recorded from <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sulawesi\" title=\"Sulawesi\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Sulawesi<\/a> and the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Maluku_Islands\" title=\"Maluku Islands\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Maluku Islands<\/a> in Indonesia, and even as far west as the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Malaysia\" title=\"Malaysia\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Malaysian<\/a> islands of <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mabul\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Mabul\" target=\"_new\">Mabul<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sipadan\" title=\"Sipadan\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Sipadan<\/a>.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-Norman&#95;8-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Norman-8\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>8<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> They are also common in the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Philippines\" title=\"Philippines\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Philippines<\/a> and are frequently sighted in the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Visayas\" title=\"Visayas\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Visayas<\/a>.<sup class=\"noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact\" style=\"white-space:nowrap;\">[<i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Citation_needed\" title=\"Wikipedia:Citation needed\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span title=\"This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2008)\">citation needed<\/span><\/a><\/i>]<\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-Habitat_and_biology\">Habitat and biology<\/h2><\/div>\n<figure class=\"mw-default-size\" typeof=\"mw:File\/Thumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Ascarosepion_pfefferi_(27610091791).jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/a\/a9\/Ascarosepion_pfefferi_%2827610091791%29.jpg\/250px-Ascarosepion_pfefferi_%2827610091791%29.jpg\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"250\" class=\"mw-file-element\" \/><\/a><figcaption>Unhatched egg, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Embryo\" title=\"Embryo\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">embryo<\/a> clearly visible<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><i>A. pfefferi<\/i> has been recorded from sand and mud <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Substrate_(marine_biology)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Substrate (marine biology)\" target=\"_new\">substrate<\/a> in shallow waters at depths of 3\u201386&#160;m (9.8\u2013282.2&#160;ft). The species is active during the day and has been observed hunting <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fish\" title=\"Fish\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">fish<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crustacean\" title=\"Crustacean\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">crustaceans<\/a>. It employs complex and varied <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Camouflage\" title=\"Camouflage\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">camouflage<\/a> to stalk its prey. The normal base colour of this species is dark brown. Individuals that are disturbed or attacked quickly change colour to a pattern of black, dark brown, white, with yellow patches around the mantle, arms, and eyes. The arm-tips often display bright red colouration to <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Threat_display\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Threat display\" target=\"_new\">ward off would-be predators<\/a>. Animals displaying this colour pattern have been observed using their lower arms to walk or \"amble\" along the sea floor while rhythmically waving the wide protective membranes on their arms.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-Reid&#95;4-6\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Reid-4\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>4<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> This behavior supposedly advertises the poisonous flesh of this cuttlefish,<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-Norman&#95;8-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Norman-8\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>8<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-NOVA&#95;10-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-NOVA-10\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>10<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-11\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-11\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>11<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> but significant amounts of toxins have not yet been isolated from this species.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-Dazzle&#95;12-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Dazzle-12\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>12<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"rdp-we-Reproduction\">Reproduction<\/h3><\/div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mating\" title=\"Mating\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Copulation<\/a> occurs face-to-face, with the male inserting a <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spermatophore\" title=\"Spermatophore\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">packet<\/a> of <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sperm\" title=\"Sperm\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">sperm<\/a> into a pouch on the underside of the female's mantle. The female then <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fertilisation\" title=\"Fertilisation\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">fertilises<\/a> her eggs with the sperm. The eggs are laid singly and placed by the female in crevices or ledges in <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Coral\" title=\"Coral\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">coral<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rock_(geology)\" title=\"Rock (geology)\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">rock<\/a>, or <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wood\" title=\"Wood\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">wood<\/a>. In one instance, around a dozen eggs were found under an overturned <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Coconut_husk\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Coconut husk\" target=\"_new\">coconut husk<\/a> half. They had been placed there by a female which had inserted them through the central hole of the husk. Thereby, the eggs were protected from predatory fish.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-Reid&#95;4-7\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Reid-4\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>4<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-Norman&#95;8-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Norman-8\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>8<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p><p>Freshly-laid eggs are white, but slowly turn translucent with time, making the developing cuttlefish clearly visible. From emergence, hatchling <i>A. pfefferi<\/i> are capable of producing the same camouflage patterns as adults; they are <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Precociality_and_altriciality#Precociality\" title=\"Precociality and altriciality\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">truly precocial<\/a> and do not receive any care from their parents.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-Reid&#95;4-8\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Reid-4\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>4<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-Norman&#95;8-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Norman-8\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>8<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-Commercial_value\">Commercial value<\/h2><\/div>\n<p>A toxicology report has confirmed that the muscle tissue of flamboyant cuttlefish is highly-toxic, making it only the third <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cephalopod\" title=\"Cephalopod\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">cephalopod<\/a> found to be poisonous. Research by <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mark_Norman_(marine_biologist)\" title=\"Mark Norman (marine biologist)\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Mark Norman<\/a> with the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Museum_Victoria\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Museum Victoria\" target=\"_new\">Museum Victoria<\/a> in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, has shown the toxin to be the same as that of fellow cephalopod the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Blue-ringed_octopus\" title=\"Blue-ringed octopus\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">blue-ringed octopus<\/a>.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-NOVA&#95;10-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-NOVA-10\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>10<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact\" style=\"white-space:nowrap;\">[<i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Questionable_sources\" title=\"Wikipedia:Verifiability\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span title=\"This claim needs references to better sources. (October 2023)\">better&#160;source&#160;needed<\/span><\/a><\/i>]<\/sup> However, preliminary results from researchers at <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Georgia_Southern_University\" title=\"Georgia Southern University\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Georgia Southern University<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Utah_State_University-Uintah_Basin\" title=\"Utah State University-Uintah Basin\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Utah State University-Uintah Basin<\/a> found only <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/trace_amount\" class=\"extiw wiki-link\" title=\"wikt:trace amount\" target=\"_new\">trace amounts<\/a> of <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tetrodotoxin\" title=\"Tetrodotoxin\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">tetrodotoxin<\/a> in the flamboyant cuttlefish; the concentrations found were too low to be toxic to vertebrates.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-Dazzle&#95;12-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Dazzle-12\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>12<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p><p><i>A. pfefferi<\/i> represents no interest to <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fishery\" title=\"Fishery\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">fisheries<\/a> due to their potential toxicity. If its supply were steady, the spectacular color and textural displays of this species would make it an excellent candidate for private <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aquarium\" title=\"Aquarium\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">aquariums<\/a>.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-Reid&#95;4-9\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Reid-4\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>4<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> The species is sometimes seen in <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Public_aquarium\" title=\"Public aquarium\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">public aquariums<\/a>, available through captive breeding programs, such as the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Monterey_Bay_Aquarium\" title=\"Monterey Bay Aquarium\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Monterey Bay Aquarium<\/a>.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-13\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-13\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>13<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-14\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-14\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>14<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-Gallery\">Gallery<\/h2><\/div>\n\n<ul class=\"gallery mw-gallery-traditional\">\n\t\t<li class=\"gallerybox\" style=\"width: 155px\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"thumb\" style=\"width: 150px; height: 150px;\"><span typeof=\"mw:File\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Ascarosepion_pfefferi_(14519167637).jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" title=\"Wakatobi National Park Sulawesi, 2014\" target=\"_new\"><img loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Wakatobi National Park Sulawesi, 2014\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/5\/55\/Ascarosepion_pfefferi_%2814519167637%29.jpg\/120px-Ascarosepion_pfefferi_%2814519167637%29.jpg\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"90\" height=\"120\" class=\"mw-file-element\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"gallerytext\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wakatobi_National_Park\" title=\"Wakatobi National Park\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Wakatobi National Park<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sulawesi\" title=\"Sulawesi\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Sulawesi<\/a>, 2014<\/div>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t<li class=\"gallerybox\" style=\"width: 155px\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"thumb\" style=\"width: 150px; height: 150px;\"><span typeof=\"mw:File\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Flamboyant_Cuttlefish-2.jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" title=\"Sipadan, Malaysia\" target=\"_new\"><img loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Sipadan, Malaysia\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/c\/c1\/Flamboyant_Cuttlefish-2.jpg\/120px-Flamboyant_Cuttlefish-2.jpg\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"120\" height=\"81\" class=\"mw-file-element\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"gallerytext\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sipadan\" title=\"Sipadan\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Sipadan<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Malaysia\" title=\"Malaysia\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Malaysia<\/a><\/div>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t<li class=\"gallerybox\" style=\"width: 155px\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"thumb\" style=\"width: 150px; height: 150px;\"><span typeof=\"mw:File\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Ascarosepion_pfefferi_(19828190511).jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" title=\"Wakatobi\" target=\"_new\"><img loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Wakatobi\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/7\/7d\/Ascarosepion_pfefferi_%2819828190511%29.jpg\/120px-Ascarosepion_pfefferi_%2819828190511%29.jpg\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"120\" height=\"80\" class=\"mw-file-element\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"gallerytext\">Wakatobi<\/div>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t<li class=\"gallerybox\" style=\"width: 155px\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"thumb\" style=\"width: 150px; height: 150px;\"><span typeof=\"mw:File\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Ascarosepion_pfefferi_at_Monterey_Bay_Aquarium_in_2014.jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" title=\"Monterey Bay Aquarium\" target=\"_new\"><img loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Monterey Bay Aquarium\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/4\/4c\/Ascarosepion_pfefferi_at_Monterey_Bay_Aquarium_in_2014.jpg\/120px-Ascarosepion_pfefferi_at_Monterey_Bay_Aquarium_in_2014.jpg\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"120\" height=\"90\" class=\"mw-file-element\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"gallerytext\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Monterey_Bay_Aquarium\" title=\"Monterey Bay Aquarium\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Monterey Bay Aquarium<\/a><\/div>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t<li class=\"gallerybox\" style=\"width: 155px\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"thumb\" style=\"width: 150px; height: 150px;\"><span typeof=\"mw:File\"><span><video id=\"rdp-we-mwe_player_0\" poster=\"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/e\/eb\/Ascarosepion_pfefferi_grabs_shrimp_with_tentacles.webm\/120px--Ascarosepion_pfefferi_grabs_shrimp_with_tentacles.webm.jpg\" controls=\"\" preload=\"none\" data-mw-tmh=\"\" class=\"mw-file-element\" width=\"120\" height=\"68\" data-durationhint=\"12\" data-mwtitle=\"Ascarosepion_pfefferi_grabs_shrimp_with_tentacles.webm\" data-mwprovider=\"wikimediacommons\"><source src=\"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/e\/eb\/Ascarosepion_pfefferi_grabs_shrimp_with_tentacles.webm\/Ascarosepion_pfefferi_grabs_shrimp_with_tentacles.webm.480p.vp9.webm\" type=\"video\/webm; codecs=&quot;vp9, opus&quot;\" data-transcodekey=\"480p.vp9.webm\" data-width=\"854\" data-height=\"480\" \/><source src=\"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/e\/eb\/Ascarosepion_pfefferi_grabs_shrimp_with_tentacles.webm\" type=\"video\/webm; codecs=&quot;vp8&quot;\" data-width=\"1920\" data-height=\"1080\" \/><source src=\"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/e\/eb\/Ascarosepion_pfefferi_grabs_shrimp_with_tentacles.webm\/Ascarosepion_pfefferi_grabs_shrimp_with_tentacles.webm.1080p.vp9.webm\" type=\"video\/webm; codecs=&quot;vp9, opus&quot;\" data-transcodekey=\"1080p.vp9.webm\" data-width=\"1920\" data-height=\"1080\" \/><source src=\"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/e\/eb\/Ascarosepion_pfefferi_grabs_shrimp_with_tentacles.webm\/Ascarosepion_pfefferi_grabs_shrimp_with_tentacles.webm.144p.mjpeg.mov\" type=\"video\/quicktime\" data-transcodekey=\"144p.mjpeg.mov\" data-width=\"256\" data-height=\"144\" \/><source src=\"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/e\/eb\/Ascarosepion_pfefferi_grabs_shrimp_with_tentacles.webm\/Ascarosepion_pfefferi_grabs_shrimp_with_tentacles.webm.240p.vp9.webm\" type=\"video\/webm; codecs=&quot;vp9, opus&quot;\" data-transcodekey=\"240p.vp9.webm\" data-width=\"426\" data-height=\"240\" \/><\/video><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"gallerytext\">Stalking a shrimp, Museum of Science, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Miami\" title=\"Miami\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Miami<\/a><\/div>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t<li class=\"gallerybox\" style=\"width: 155px\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"thumb\" style=\"width: 150px; height: 150px;\"><span typeof=\"mw:File\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Flamboyant_Cuttlefish_(Ascarosepion_pfefferi)_(6059851762).jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" title=\"Lembeh Strait\" target=\"_new\"><img loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Lembeh Strait\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/c\/cc\/Flamboyant_Cuttlefish_%28Ascarosepion_pfefferi%29_%286059851762%29.jpg\/120px-Flamboyant_Cuttlefish_%28Ascarosepion_pfefferi%29_%286059851762%29.jpg\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"120\" height=\"72\" class=\"mw-file-element\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"gallerytext\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lembeh_Strait\" title=\"Lembeh Strait\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Lembeh Strait<\/a><\/div>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t<li class=\"gallerybox\" style=\"width: 155px\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"thumb\" style=\"width: 150px; height: 150px;\"><span typeof=\"mw:File\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Flamboyant_Cuttlefish_(Ascarosepion_pfefferi)_eating_a_Nosestripe_Sandperch_(Parapercis_lineopunctata)_(8461468527).jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" title=\"Eating a sandperch (Parapercis lineopunctata), Lembeh\" target=\"_new\"><img loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Eating a sandperch (Parapercis lineopunctata), Lembeh\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/9\/9c\/Flamboyant_Cuttlefish_%28Ascarosepion_pfefferi%29_eating_a_Nosestripe_Sandperch_%28Parapercis_lineopunctata%29_%288461468527%29.jpg\/120px-Flamboyant_Cuttlefish_%28Ascarosepion_pfefferi%29_eating_a_Nosestripe_Sandperch_%28Parapercis_lineopunctata%29_%288461468527%29.jpg\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"120\" height=\"72\" class=\"mw-file-element\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"gallerytext\">Eating a sandperch (<i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Parapercis_lineopunctata\" title=\"Parapercis lineopunctata\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Parapercis lineopunctata<\/a><\/i>), Lembeh<\/div>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t<li class=\"gallerybox\" style=\"width: 155px\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"thumb\" style=\"width: 150px; height: 150px;\"><span typeof=\"mw:File\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:%D0%A1uttlefish_Ascarosepion_pfefferi_crawls_along_the_sandy_bottom._Apo_reef_nature_reserve._Philippines.jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" title=\"Apo Reef\" target=\"_new\"><img loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Apo Reef\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/3\/35\/%D0%A1uttlefish_Ascarosepion_pfefferi_crawls_along_the_sandy_bottom._Apo_reef_nature_reserve._Philippines.jpg\/120px-%D0%A1uttlefish_Ascarosepion_pfefferi_crawls_along_the_sandy_bottom._Apo_reef_nature_reserve._Philippines.jpg\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"120\" height=\"90\" class=\"mw-file-element\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"gallerytext\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Apo_Reef\" title=\"Apo Reef\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Apo Reef<\/a><\/div>\n\t\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-References\">References<\/h2><\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns\"><ol class=\"references\">\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-iucn&#95;status&#95;20&#95;November&#95;2021-1\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-iucn_status_20_November_2021_1-0\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFBarratt,&#95;I.Allcock,&#95;L.2012\" class=\"citation journal cs1\">Barratt, I.; Allcock, L. (2012). <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iucnredlist.org\/species\/162681\/943607\" target=\"_new\">\"<i>Metasepia pfefferi<\/i>\"<\/a>. <i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/IUCN_Red_List\" title=\"IUCN Red List\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">IUCN Red List of Threatened Species<\/a><\/i>. <b>2012<\/b> e.T162681A943607. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Doi (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">doi<\/a>:<span class=\"id-lock-free\" title=\"Freely accessible\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2305%2FIUCN.UK.2012-1.RLTS.T162681A943607.en\" target=\"_new\">10.2305\/IUCN.UK.2012-1.RLTS.T162681A943607.en<\/a><\/span><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">20 November<\/span> 2021<\/span>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=IUCN+Red+List+of+Threatened+Species&amp;rft.atitle=Metasepia+pfefferi&amp;rft.volume=2012&amp;rft.artnum=e.T162681A943607&amp;rft.date=2012&amp;rft&#95;id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2305%2FIUCN.UK.2012-1.RLTS.T162681A943607.en&amp;rft.au=Barratt%2C+I.&amp;rft.au=Allcock%2C+L.&amp;rft&#95;id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iucnredlist.org%2Fspecies%2F162681%2F943607&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscarosepion+pfefferi\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-WoRMS-2\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-WoRMS_2-0\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFPhillipe&#95;Bouchet2023\" class=\"citation web cs1\">Phillipe Bouchet (2023). <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1667026\" target=\"_new\">\"<i>Ascarosepion pfefferi<\/i> (Hoyle, 1885)\"<\/a>. <i>World Register of Marine Species<\/i>. Flanders Marine Institute<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">12 March<\/span> 2025<\/span>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=World+Register+of+Marine+Species&amp;rft.atitle=Ascarosepion+pfefferi+%28Hoyle%2C+1885%29&amp;rft.date=2023&amp;rft.au=Phillipe+Bouchet&amp;rft&#95;id=https%3A%2F%2Fmarinespecies.org%2Faphia.php%3Fp%3Dtaxdetails%26id%3D1667026&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscarosepion+pfefferi\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-3\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-3\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFHoyle1885\" class=\"citation book cs1\">Hoyle, William E. (1885). <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.biodiversitylibrary.org\/page\/29995905#page\/221\/mode\/1up\" target=\"_new\"><i>Diagnoses of new species of Cephalopoda collected during the cruise of H.M.S. Challenger. Part 2. The Decapoda<\/i><\/a>. London: Taylor and Francis, Ltd. pp.&#160;<span class=\"nowrap\">199\u2013<\/span>201<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">5 May<\/span> 2025<\/span>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Diagnoses+of+new+species+of+Cephalopoda+collected+during+the+cruise+of+H.M.S.+Challenger.+Part+2.+The+Decapoda&amp;rft.place=London&amp;rft.pages=199-201&amp;rft.pub=Taylor+and+Francis%2C+Ltd&amp;rft.date=1885&amp;rft.aulast=Hoyle&amp;rft.aufirst=William+E.&amp;rft&#95;id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.biodiversitylibrary.org%2Fpage%2F29995905%23page%2F221%2Fmode%2F1up&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscarosepion+pfefferi\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-Reid-4\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-Reid_4-0\"><sup><i><b>a<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-Reid_4-1\"><sup><i><b>b<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-Reid_4-2\"><sup><i><b>c<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-Reid_4-3\"><sup><i><b>d<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-Reid_4-4\"><sup><i><b>e<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-Reid_4-5\"><sup><i><b>f<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-Reid_4-6\"><sup><i><b>g<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-Reid_4-7\"><sup><i><b>h<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-Reid_4-8\"><sup><i><b>i<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-Reid_4-9\"><sup><i><b>j<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Reid, A., P. Jereb, &amp; C.F.E. Roper 2005. Family Sepiidae. <i>In:<\/i> P. Jereb &amp; C.F.E. Roper, eds. <i>Cephalopods of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of species known to date. Volume 1. Chambered nautiluses and sepioids (Nautilidae, Sepiidae, Sepiolidae, Sepiadariidae, Idiosepiidae and Spirulidae)<\/i>. FAO Species Catalogue for Fishery Purposes. No. 4, Vol. 1. Rome, FAO. pp. 57\u2013152.<\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-5\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-5\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cephbase.utmb.edu\/biogeo\/latlong.cfm?CephID=103\" target=\"_new\">Latitude and Longitude Data for <i>Metasepia pfefferi<\/i><\/a> <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20041119144700\/http:\/\/www.cephbase.utmb.edu\/biogeo\/latlong.cfm?CephID=103\" target=\"_new\">Archived<\/a> 2004-11-19 at the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine\" title=\"Wayback Machine\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Wayback Machine<\/a><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-6\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-6\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mnh.si.edu\/cephs\/newclass.pdf\" target=\"_new\">Current Classification of Recent Cephalopoda<\/a><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-7\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-7\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFLup\u0161eReidTaiteKubodera2023\" class=\"citation journal cs1\">Lup\u0161e, Nik; Reid, Amanda; Taite, Morag; Kubodera, Tsunemi; Allcock, A. Louise (16 June 2023). <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00227-023-04195-3\" target=\"_new\">\"Cuttlefishes (Cephalopoda, Sepiidae): the bare bones\u2014an hypothesis of relationships\"<\/a>. <i>Marine Biology<\/i>. <b>170<\/b>. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Doi (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">doi<\/a>:<span class=\"id-lock-free\" title=\"Freely accessible\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007%2Fs00227-023-04195-3\" target=\"_new\">10.1007\/s00227-023-04195-3<\/a><\/span><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">20 February<\/span> 2025<\/span>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Marine+Biology&amp;rft.atitle=Cuttlefishes+%28Cephalopoda%2C+Sepiidae%29%3A+the+bare+bones%E2%80%94an+hypothesis+of+relationships&amp;rft.volume=170&amp;rft.date=2023-06-16&amp;rft&#95;id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fs00227-023-04195-3&amp;rft.aulast=Lup%C5%A1e&amp;rft.aufirst=Nik&amp;rft.au=Reid%2C+Amanda&amp;rft.au=Taite%2C+Morag&amp;rft.au=Kubodera%2C+Tsunemi&amp;rft.au=Allcock%2C+A.+Louise&amp;rft&#95;id=https%3A%2F%2Flink.springer.com%2Farticle%2F10.1007%2Fs00227-023-04195-3&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscarosepion+pfefferi\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-Norman-8\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-Norman_8-0\"><sup><i><b>a<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-Norman_8-1\"><sup><i><b>b<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-Norman_8-2\"><sup><i><b>c<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-Norman_8-3\"><sup><i><b>d<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-Norman_8-4\"><sup><i><b>e<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Norman, M.D. 2000. <i>Cephalopods: A World Guide<\/i>. ConchBooks.<\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-9\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-9\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Okutani, T. 1995. Cuttlefish and squids of the world in colour. Publication for the 30th anniversary of the foundation of the National Cooperative Association of Squid Processors.<\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-NOVA-10\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-NOVA_10-0\"><sup><i><b>a<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-NOVA_10-1\"><sup><i><b>b<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.pbs.org\/wgbh\/nova\/camo\/\" target=\"_new\">NOVA, 2007. Cuttlefish: Kings of Camouflage.<\/a> [television program] NOVA, PBS, April 3, 2007. (<a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.pbs.org\/wgbh\/nova\/transcripts\/3404_camo.html\" target=\"_new\">Transcript<\/a>)<\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-11\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-11\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite class=\"citation journal cs1\"><span class=\"id-lock-subscription\" title=\"Paid subscription required\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/rwe\/10.1007\/978-94-007-6458-3_7\" target=\"_new\">\"Toxicity in Cephalopods, in Evolution of Venomous Animals and Their Toxins\"<\/a><\/span>. <i>Toxinology<\/i>: <span class=\"nowrap\">125\u2013<\/span>143. 28 March 2017. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Doi (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">doi<\/a>:<a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007%2F978-94-007-6458-3_7\" target=\"_new\">10.1007\/978-94-007-6458-3_7<\/a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">6 July<\/span> 2025<\/span>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Toxinology&amp;rft.atitle=Toxicity+in+Cephalopods%2C+in+Evolution+of+Venomous+Animals+and+Their+Toxins&amp;rft.pages=125-143&amp;rft.date=2017-03-28&amp;rft&#95;id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2F978-94-007-6458-3&#95;7&amp;rft&#95;id=https%3A%2F%2Flink.springer.com%2Frwe%2F10.1007%2F978-94-007-6458-3&#95;7&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscarosepion+pfefferi\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-Dazzle-12\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-Dazzle_12-0\"><sup><i><b>a<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-Dazzle_12-1\"><sup><i><b>b<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencefriday.com\/articles\/this-cuttlefish-dazzles\/\" target=\"_new\">\"This Cuttlefish Dazzles\"<\/a>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=This+Cuttlefish+Dazzles&amp;rft&#95;id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencefriday.com%2Farticles%2Fthis-cuttlefish-dazzles%2F&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscarosepion+pfefferi\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-13\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-13\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Monterey Bay Aquarium: <i><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.montereybayaquarium.org\/animal-guide\/octopus-and-kin\/flamboyant-cuttlefish\" target=\"_new\">Flamboyant cuttlefish.<\/a><\/i> Retrieved 24 June 2014.<\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-14\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-14\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Grasse, Bret (2014). <i>The Biological Characteristics, Life Cycle, and System Design for the Flamboyant and Paintpot Cuttlefish, Metasepia sp., Cultured Through Multiple Generations.<\/i> Drum and Croaker 45: 58-71.<\/span>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol><\/div><\/div>\n<ul><li>Ross, R. 2010. <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.advancedaquarist.com\/2010\/10\/inverts\" target=\"_new\">Aquarium Invertebrates: <i>Metasepia pfefferi<\/i> \u2013 the aptly named Flamboyant Cuttlefish<\/a>. Advanced Aquarist's Online Magazine.<\/li><\/ul>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-External_links\">External links<\/h2><\/div>\n<ul><li><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20050817053958\/https:\/\/www.cephbase.utmb.edu\/spdb\/speciesc.cfm?CephID=103\" target=\"_new\">\"CephBase: Ascarosepion pfefferi\"<\/a>. Archived from <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cephbase.utmb.edu\/spdb\/speciesc.cfm?CephID=103\" target=\"_new\">the original<\/a> on 2005-08-17.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=CephBase%3A+Ascarosepion+pfefferi&amp;rft&#95;id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cephbase.utmb.edu%2Fspdb%2Fspeciesc.cfm%3FCephID%3D103&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscarosepion+pfefferi\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20120405094313\/http:\/\/www.tonmo.com\/blog\/entry.php?98-Fascinating-Flamboyants\" target=\"_new\">Richard Ross video and blog of flamboyant cuttlefish on TONMO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=zjycOCyUZ1c\" target=\"_new\">YouTube video of a flamboyant cuttlefish<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.starfish.ch\/c-invertebrates\/cephalopods.html\" target=\"_new\">Habitat photos of the flamboyant cuttlefish<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Photos of <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/sealifecollection.org\/taxon\/342366\" target=\"_new\">Ascarosepion pfefferi<\/a> in the Sealife Collection<\/li><\/ul>\n<div class=\"navbox-styles\"><\/div><div role=\"navigation\" class=\"navbox\" aria-labelledby=\"Taxon&#95;identifiers3437\" style=\"padding:3px\"><table class=\"nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner\" style=\"border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit\"><tbody><tr><th scope=\"col\" class=\"navbox-title\" colspan=\"2\"><div id=\"rdp-we-Taxon&#95;identifiers3437\" style=\"font-size:114%;margin:0 4em\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:Taxon_identifiers\" title=\"Help:Taxon identifiers\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Taxon identifiers<\/a><\/div><\/th><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%;text-align: left;\"><i>Metasepia pfefferi<\/i><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikidata\" title=\"Wikidata\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Wikidata<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><span class=\"external\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q1754577\" class=\"extiw wiki-link\" title=\"wikidata:Q1754577\" target=\"_new\">Q1754577<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikispecies\" title=\"Wikispecies\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Wikispecies<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><span class=\"external\"><a href=\"https:\/\/species.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Metasepia_pfefferi\" class=\"extiw wiki-link\" title=\"wikispecies:Metasepia pfefferi\" target=\"_new\">Metasepia pfefferi<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Australian_Faunal_Directory\" title=\"Australian Faunal Directory\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">AFD<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/biodiversity.org.au\/afd\/taxa\/Metasepia_pfefferi\" target=\"_new\">Metasepia_pfefferi<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\">BioLib: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.biolib.cz\/en\/taxon\/id134329\" target=\"_new\">134329<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Barcode_of_Life_Data_System\" title=\"Barcode of Life Data System\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">BOLD<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/bench.boldsystems.org\/index.php\/TaxBrowser_TaxonPage?taxid=187622\" target=\"_new\">187622<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Catalogue_of_Life\" title=\"Catalogue of Life\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">CoL<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.catalogueoflife.org\/data\/taxon\/42D4Q\" target=\"_new\">42D4Q<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Encyclopedia_of_Life\" title=\"Encyclopedia of Life\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">EoL<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/eol.org\/pages\/491710\" target=\"_new\">491710<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility\" title=\"Global Biodiversity Information Facility\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">GBIF<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gbif.org\/species\/2290892\" target=\"_new\">2290892<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/INaturalist\" title=\"INaturalist\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">iNaturalist<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/inaturalist.org\/taxa\/151344\" target=\"_new\">151344<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera\" title=\"Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">IRMNG<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.irmng.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=11331545\" target=\"_new\">11331545<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System\" title=\"Integrated Taxonomic Information System\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">ITIS<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.itis.gov\/servlet\/SingleRpt\/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=556203\" target=\"_new\">556203<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/IUCN_Red_List\" title=\"IUCN Red List\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">IUCN<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iucnredlist.org\/details\/162681\/0\" target=\"_new\">162681<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information\" title=\"National Center for Biotechnology Information\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">NCBI<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/Taxonomy\/Browser\/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=348827\" target=\"_new\">348827<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ocean_Biodiversity_Information_System\" title=\"Ocean Biodiversity Information System\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">OBIS<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/obis.org\/taxon\/342366\" target=\"_new\">342366<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Open_Tree_of_Life\" title=\"Open Tree of Life\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Open Tree of Life<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/tree.opentreeoflife.org\/taxonomy\/browse?id=384576\" target=\"_new\">384576<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SeaLifeBase\" title=\"SeaLifeBase\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">SeaLifeBase<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sealifebase.ca\/Summary\/SpeciesSummary.php?id=57122\" target=\"_new\">57122<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_Register_of_Marine_Species\" title=\"World Register of Marine Species\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">WoRMS<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=342366\" target=\"_new\">342366<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%;text-align: left;\"><i>Sepia pfefferi<\/i><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikidata\" title=\"Wikidata\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Wikidata<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><span class=\"external\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q109578604\" class=\"extiw wiki-link\" title=\"wikidata:Q109578604\" target=\"_new\">Q109578604<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility\" title=\"Global Biodiversity Information Facility\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">GBIF<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gbif.org\/species\/2290893\" target=\"_new\">2290893<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System\" title=\"Integrated Taxonomic Information System\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">ITIS<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.itis.gov\/servlet\/SingleRpt\/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=556202\" target=\"_new\">556202<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div>\n<!-- \nNewPP limit report\nParsed by mw\u2010web.codfw.main\u201068bfcb684d\u2010bzxrt\nCached time: 20260602102038\nCache expiry: 2592000\nCache expiry source: Module:Cite_IUCN (os.date(%Y))\nReduced expiry: false\nComplications: [vary\u2010revision\u2010sha1, prevent\u2010selective\u2010update, show\u2010toc]\nCPU time usage: 0.588 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.730 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 6446\/1000000\nRevision size: 13896\/2097152 bytes\nPost\u2010expand include size: 54846\/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 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Rendering was triggered because: page_view\n -->\n<\/div><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:CentralAutoLogin\/start?useformat=desktop&amp;type=1x1&amp;usesul3=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" style=\"border: none; position: absolute;\"><\/noscript>\n<div class=\"printfooter\" data-nosnippet=\"\">source:  <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Metasepia_pfefferi\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Metasepia_pfefferi<\/a><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/main>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"mw-footer-container\">\n\t\t\t\n\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div> \n<\/div> \n<div class=\"vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container no-font-mode-scale\">\n\t<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-sticky-header\" class=\"vector-sticky-header\">\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-sticky-header-start\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left\" 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mw-searchInput\" autocomplete=\"off\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\ttype=\"search\" name=\"search\" placeholder=\"Search Wikipedia\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"title\" value=\"Special:Search\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button class=\"cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button\">Search<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/form>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-sticky-header-context-bar\">\n\t\t\t\t<nav aria-label=\"Contents\" class=\"vector-toc-landmark\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-sticky-header-toc\" class=\"vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-sticky-header-toc vector-sticky-header-toc vector-button-flush-left\"  >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"rdp-we-vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox\"  aria-label=\"Toggle the table of contents\"  >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<label id=\"rdp-we-vector-sticky-header-toc-label\" for=\"vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only\" aria-hidden=\"true\"  ><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet\"><\/span>\n\n<span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">Toggle the table of contents<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container\" class=\"vector-unpinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary\" aria-hidden=\"true\" ><i>Ascarosepion 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mw-interlanguage-selector\" id=\"rdp-we-p-lang-btn-sticky-header\" tabindex=\"-1\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header\"><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language\"><\/span>\n\n<span>2 languages<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t<a href=\"#\" class=\"cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive\" id=\"rdp-we-ca-addsection-sticky-header\" tabindex=\"-1\" data-event-name=\"addsection-sticky-header\"><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive\"><\/span>\n\n<span>Add topic<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-sticky-header-icon-end\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-user-links\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet\" id=\"rdp-we-p-dock-bottom\">\n\t<ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<\/div><!-- #rdp-we-main -->\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\">Genus<\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Metasepia<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\">Species<\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">pfefferi<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":713,"template":"","meta":[],"product_brand":[],"product_cat":[33],"product_tag":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-712","1":"product","2":"type-product","3":"status-publish","4":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"product_cat-cephalopods","8":"first","9":"instock","10":"shipping-taxable","11":"product-type-simple"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Flamboyant cuttlefish - Moalboal Reef Species<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A comprehensive online checklist of reef flora and fauna known to be present in the Moalboal 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