{"id":451,"date":"2019-11-04T13:37:05","date_gmt":"2019-11-04T13:37:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/pavclients.com\/moalboal\/?post_type=product&#038;p=451"},"modified":"2020-06-08T04:18:50","modified_gmt":"2020-06-08T04:18:50","slug":"prickly-tube-sponge","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/reefspecies.com\/moalboal\/species\/prickly-tube-sponge\/","title":{"rendered":"Prickly tube-sponge"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"rdp-we-main\" data-resource=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Callyspongia_crassa\">\n<div id=\"rdp-we-mw-aria-live-region\" class=\"mw-aria-live-region\" aria-live=\"polite\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"vector-header-container\">\n\t<header class=\"vector-header mw-header no-font-mode-scale\">\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-header-start\">\n\t\t\t<nav class=\"vector-main-menu-landmark\" aria-label=\"Site\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-main-menu-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right\"  title=\"Main menu\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"rdp-we-vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox\"  aria-label=\"Main menu\"  >\n\t<label id=\"rdp-we-vector-main-menu-dropdown-label\" for=\"vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only\" aria-hidden=\"true\"  ><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu\"><\/span>\n\n<span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">Main menu<\/span>\n\t<\/label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-main-menu-unpinned-container\" class=\"vector-unpinned-container\">\n\t\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-main-menu\" class=\"vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element\">\n\t<div\n\tclass=\"vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned\"\n\tdata-feature-name=\"main-menu-pinned\"\n\tdata-pinnable-element-id=\"vector-main-menu\"\n\tdata-pinned-container-id=\"vector-main-menu-pinned-container\"\n\tdata-unpinned-container-id=\"vector-main-menu-unpinned-container\"\n>\n\t<div class=\"vector-pinnable-header-label\">Main menu<\/div>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin\">move to sidebar<\/button>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin\">hide<\/button>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-navigation\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation\"  >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-heading\">\n\t\tNavigation\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-n-mainpage-description\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Main_Page\" title=\"Visit the main page [z]\" accesskey=\"z\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Main page<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-n-contents\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Contents\" title=\"Guides to browsing Wikipedia\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Contents<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-n-currentevents\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portal:Current_events\" title=\"Articles related to current events\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Current events<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-n-randompage\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><span>Random article<\/span><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-n-aboutsite\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:About\" title=\"Learn about Wikipedia and how it works\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>About Wikipedia<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-n-contactpage\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Contact_us\" title=\"How to contact Wikipedia\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Contact us<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-interaction\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction\"  >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-heading\">\n\t\tContribute\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-n-help\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:Contents\" title=\"Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Help<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-n-introduction\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:Introduction\" title=\"Learn how to edit Wikipedia\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Learn to edit<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-n-portal\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Community_portal\" title=\"The hub for editors\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Community portal<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-n-recentchanges\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><span>Recent changes<\/span><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-n-upload\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard\" title=\"Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Upload file<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-n-specialpages\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><span>Special pages<\/span><\/li>\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\n<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Main_Page\" class=\"mw-logo wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">\n\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"mw-logo-icon\" src=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/static\/images\/icons\/enwiki-25.svg\" alt=\"\" aria-hidden=\"true\" height=\"50\" width=\"50\">\n\t<span class=\"mw-logo-container skin-invert\">\n\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"mw-logo-wordmark\" alt=\"Wikipedia\" src=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/static\/images\/mobile\/copyright\/wikipedia-wordmark-en-25.svg\" style=\"width: 8.75em; height: 1.375em;\">\n\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"mw-logo-tagline\" alt=\"The Free Encyclopedia\" src=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/static\/images\/mobile\/copyright\/wikipedia-tagline-en-25.svg\" width=\"140\" height=\"11\" style=\"width: 8.75em; height: 0.6875em;\">\n\t<\/span>\n<\/a>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-header-end\">\n\t\t\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-search\" role=\"search\" class=\"vector-search-box-vue  vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box\">\n\t<span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search\"><\/span>\n\n<span>Search<\/span>\n\t\n\t<div class=\"vector-typeahead-search-container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width\">\n\t\t\t<form action=\"\/w\/index.php\" id=\"rdp-we-searchform\" class=\"cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button\">\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-simpleSearch\" class=\"cdx-search-input__input-wrapper\"  data-search-loc=\"header-moved\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<input\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"cdx-text-input__input mw-searchInput\" autocomplete=\"off\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t type=\"search\" name=\"search\" placeholder=\"Search Wikipedia\" aria-label=\"Search Wikipedia\" autocapitalize=\"none\" spellcheck=\"false\" title=\"Search Wikipedia [f]\" accesskey=\"f\" id=\"rdp-we-searchInput\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"title\" value=\"Special:Search\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<button class=\"cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button\">Search<\/button>\n\t\t\t<\/form>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t<nav class=\"vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide\" aria-label=\"Personal tools\">\n\t<div class=\"vector-user-links-main\">\n\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-vector-user-menu-preferences\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet\"  >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-vector-user-menu-userpage\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet\"  >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t<nav class=\"vector-appearance-landmark\" aria-label=\"Appearance\">\n\t\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-appearance-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown\"  title=\"Change the appearance of the page&#039;s font size, width, and color\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"rdp-we-vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox\"  aria-label=\"Appearance\"  >\n\t<label id=\"rdp-we-vector-appearance-dropdown-label\" for=\"vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only\" aria-hidden=\"true\"  ><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance\"><\/span>\n\n<span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">Appearance<\/span>\n\t<\/label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-appearance-unpinned-container\" class=\"vector-unpinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t<\/nav>\n\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-vector-user-menu-notifications\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet\"  >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-vector-user-menu-overflow\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet\"  >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-pt-sitesupport-2\" class=\"mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item vector-menu-item--collapsible\"><a data-mw-interface href=\"https:\/\/donate.wikimedia.org\/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en\" data-mw-donate-attempt=\"top_link\" class=\" wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Donate<\/span><\/a>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-pt-createaccount-2\" class=\"mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item vector-menu-item--collapsible\"><span>Create account<\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-pt-login-2\" class=\"mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item vector-menu-item--collapsible\"><span>Log in<\/span>\n<\/li>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-user-links-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out vector-user-links-dropdown--collapsible user-links-collapsible-item\"  title=\"Log in and more options\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"rdp-we-vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox\"  aria-label=\"Personal tools\"  >\n\t<label id=\"rdp-we-vector-user-links-dropdown-label\" for=\"vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only\" aria-hidden=\"true\"  ><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis\"><\/span>\n\n<span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">Personal tools<\/span>\n\t<\/label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-personal\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal\"  title=\"User menu\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-pt-sitesupport\" class=\"mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item vector-menu-item--collapsible\"><a data-mw-interface href=\"https:\/\/donate.wikimedia.org\/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en\" data-mw-donate-attempt=\"top_link\" class=\" wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-heart mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-heart\"><\/span>\n\n<span>Donate<\/span><\/a>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-pt-createaccount\" class=\"mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item vector-menu-item--collapsible\"><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd\"><\/span>\n\n<span>Create account<\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-pt-login\" class=\"mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item vector-menu-item--collapsible\"><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn\"><\/span>\n\n<span>Log in<\/span>\n<\/li>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/nav>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/header>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mw-page-container\">\n\t<div class=\"mw-page-container-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-sitenotice-container\">\n\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-siteNotice\"><!-- CentralNotice --><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-column-start\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-main-menu-container\">\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-sticky-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<nav id=\"rdp-we-mw-panel-toc\" aria-label=\"Contents\" data-event-name=\"ui.sidebar-toc\" class=\"mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-toc-pinned-container\" class=\"vector-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-toc\" class=\"vector-toc vector-pinnable-element\">\n\t<div\n\tclass=\"vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned\"\n\tdata-feature-name=\"toc-pinned\"\n\tdata-pinnable-element-id=\"vector-toc\"\n\tdata-pinned-container-id=\"vector-toc-pinned-container\"\n\tdata-unpinned-container-id=\"vector-toc-unpinned-container\"\n>\n\t<h2 class=\"vector-pinnable-header-label\">Contents<\/h2>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin\">move to sidebar<\/button>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin\">hide<\/button>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\t<ul class=\"vector-toc-contents\" id=\"rdp-we-mw-panel-toc-list\">\n\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-mw-content-text\"\n\t\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"#\" class=\"vector-toc-link\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">(Top)<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-Naming_and_taxonomy\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Naming_and_taxonomy\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">1<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Naming and taxonomy<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-Naming_and_taxonomy-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-Description\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Description\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">2<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Description<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-Description-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-Gallery\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">3<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Gallery<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-Gallery-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-Human_use_and_ecosystem_relevance\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Human_use_and_ecosystem_relevance\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">4<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Human use and ecosystem relevance<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-Human_use_and_ecosystem_relevance-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-Ecology\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Ecology\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">5<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Ecology<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t<button aria-controls=\"toc-Ecology-sublist\" class=\"cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Toggle Ecology subsection<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-Ecology-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-Habitat\"\n\t\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Habitat\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">5.1<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span>Habitat<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-Habitat-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-Feeding\"\n\t\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Feeding\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">5.2<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span>Feeding<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-Feeding-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-Reproduction\"\n\t\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Reproduction\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">5.3<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span>Reproduction<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-Reproduction-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n\t<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-References\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#References\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">6<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>References<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-References-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"mw-content-container\">\n\t\t\t<main id=\"rdp-we-content\" class=\"mw-body\">\n\t\t\t\t<header class=\"mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar no-font-mode-scale\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<nav aria-label=\"Contents\" class=\"vector-toc-landmark\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-page-titlebar-toc\" class=\"vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left\"  title=\"Table of Contents\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"rdp-we-vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox\"  aria-label=\"Toggle the table of contents\"  >\n\t<label id=\"rdp-we-vector-page-titlebar-toc-label\" for=\"vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only\" aria-hidden=\"true\"  ><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet\"><\/span>\n\n<span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">Toggle the table of contents<\/span>\n\t<\/label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container\" class=\"vector-unpinned-container\">\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-lang-btn\" class=\"vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang\"  >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"rdp-we-p-lang-btn-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector\" aria-label=\"Go to an article in another language. Available in 7 languages\"   >\n\t<label id=\"rdp-we-p-lang-btn-label\" for=\"p-lang-btn-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-7\" aria-hidden=\"true\"  ><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive\"><\/span>\n\n<span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">7 languages<\/span>\n\t<\/label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/af.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Callyspongia_crassa\" title=\"Callyspongia crassa \u2013 Afrikaans\" lang=\"af\" hreflang=\"af\" data-title=\"Callyspongia crassa\" data-language-autonym=\"Afrikaans\" data-language-local-name=\"Afrikaans\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Afrikaans<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ceb.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Callyspongia_crassa\" title=\"Callyspongia crassa \u2013 Cebuano\" lang=\"ceb\" hreflang=\"ceb\" data-title=\"Callyspongia crassa\" data-language-autonym=\"Cebuano\" data-language-local-name=\"Cebuano\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Cebuano<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/id.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Callyspongia_crassa\" title=\"Callyspongia crassa \u2013 Indonesian\" lang=\"id\" hreflang=\"id\" data-title=\"Callyspongia crassa\" data-language-autonym=\"Bahasa Indonesia\" data-language-local-name=\"Indonesian\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Bahasa Indonesia<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/min.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Callyspongia_crassa\" title=\"Callyspongia crassa \u2013 Minangkabau\" lang=\"min\" hreflang=\"min\" data-title=\"Callyspongia crassa\" data-language-autonym=\"Minangkabau\" data-language-local-name=\"Minangkabau\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Minangkabau<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/nl.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Callyspongia_crassa\" title=\"Callyspongia crassa \u2013 Dutch\" lang=\"nl\" hreflang=\"nl\" data-title=\"Callyspongia crassa\" data-language-autonym=\"Nederlands\" data-language-local-name=\"Dutch\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Nederlands<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sv.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Callyspongia_crassa\" title=\"Callyspongia crassa \u2013 Swedish\" lang=\"sv\" hreflang=\"sv\" data-title=\"Callyspongia crassa\" data-language-autonym=\"Svenska\" data-language-local-name=\"Swedish\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Svenska<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/war.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Callyspongia_crassa\" title=\"Callyspongia crassa \u2013 Waray\" lang=\"war\" hreflang=\"war\" data-title=\"Callyspongia crassa\" data-language-autonym=\"Winaray\" data-language-local-name=\"Waray\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Winaray<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"after-portlet after-portlet-lang\"><span class=\"wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link\">Edit links<\/span><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/header>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-page-toolbar vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref--excluded\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-page-toolbar-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-left-navigation\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav aria-label=\"Namespaces\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-associated-pages\" class=\"vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages\"  >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-ca-nstab-main\" class=\"selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Callyspongia_crassa\" title=\"View the content page [c]\" accesskey=\"c\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Article<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-ca-talk\" class=\"vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Talk:Callyspongia_crassa\" rel=\"discussion\" title=\"Discuss improvements to the content page [t]\" accesskey=\"t\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Talk<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-variants-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown emptyPortlet\"  >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"rdp-we-vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox\" aria-label=\"Change language variant\"   >\n\t<label id=\"rdp-we-vector-variants-dropdown-label\" for=\"vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet\" aria-hidden=\"true\"  ><span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">English<\/span>\n\t<\/label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-variants\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet\"  >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-right-navigation\" class=\"vector-collapsible\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav aria-label=\"Views\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-views\" class=\"vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views\"  >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-ca-view\" class=\"selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Callyspongia_crassa\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Read<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-ca-edit\" class=\"vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item\"><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-ca-history\" class=\"vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Callyspongia_crassa&action=history\" title=\"Past revisions of this page [h]\" accesskey=\"h\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>View history<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav class=\"vector-page-tools-landmark\" aria-label=\"Page tools\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-page-tools-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown\"  >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"rdp-we-vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox\"  aria-label=\"Tools\"  >\n\t<label id=\"rdp-we-vector-page-tools-dropdown-label\" for=\"vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet\" aria-hidden=\"true\"  ><span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">Tools<\/span>\n\t<\/label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-page-tools-unpinned-container\" class=\"vector-unpinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-page-tools\" class=\"vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element\">\n\t<div\n\tclass=\"vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned\"\n\tdata-feature-name=\"page-tools-pinned\"\n\tdata-pinnable-element-id=\"vector-page-tools\"\n\tdata-pinned-container-id=\"vector-page-tools-pinned-container\"\n\tdata-unpinned-container-id=\"vector-page-tools-unpinned-container\"\n>\n\t<div class=\"vector-pinnable-header-label\">Tools<\/div>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin\">move to sidebar<\/button>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin\">hide<\/button>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-cactions\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items\"  >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-heading\">\n\t\tActions\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-ca-more-view\" class=\"selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item\"><a data-mw-interface href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Callyspongia_crassa\" class=\" wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-eye mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-eye\"><\/span>\n\n<span>Read<\/span><\/a>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-ca-more-edit\" class=\"vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item\">\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-ca-more-history\" class=\"vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item\"><a data-mw-interface href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Callyspongia_crassa&action=history\" class=\" wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history\"><\/span>\n\n<span>View history<\/span><\/a>\n<\/li>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-tb\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb\"  >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-heading\">\n\t\tGeneral\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-t-whatlinkshere\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><span>What links here<\/span><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-t-recentchangeslinked\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><span>Related changes<\/span><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-t-upload\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard\" title=\"Upload files [u]\" accesskey=\"u\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Upload file<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-t-permalink\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Callyspongia_crassa&oldid=1266142799\" title=\"Permanent link to this revision of this page\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Permanent link<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-t-info\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Callyspongia_crassa&action=info\" title=\"More information about this page\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Page information<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-t-cite\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><span>Cite this page<\/span><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-t-urlshortener\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><span>Get shortened URL<\/span><\/li>\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-coll-print_export\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export\"  >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-heading\">\n\t\tPrint\/export\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-coll-download-as-rl\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><span>Download as PDF<\/span><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-t-print\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Callyspongia_crassa&printable=yes\" title=\"Printable version of this page [p]\" accesskey=\"p\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Printable version<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-wikibase-otherprojects\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects\"  >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-heading\">\n\t\tIn other projects\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li class=\"wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Callyspongia_crassa\" hreflang=\"en\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Wikimedia Commons<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-species mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/species.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Callyspongia_crassa\" hreflang=\"en\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Wikispecies<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-t-wikibase\" class=\"wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item\"><span>Wikidata item<\/span><\/li>\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-column-end no-font-mode-scale\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-sticky-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wp25eastereggs-vector-sitenotice-landmark\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav class=\"vector-page-tools-landmark\" aria-label=\"Page tools\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-page-tools-pinned-container\" class=\"vector-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav class=\"vector-appearance-landmark\" aria-label=\"Appearance\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-appearance-pinned-container\" class=\"vector-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-appearance\" class=\"vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element\">\n\t<div\n\tclass=\"vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned\"\n\tdata-feature-name=\"appearance-pinned\"\n\tdata-pinnable-element-id=\"vector-appearance\"\n\tdata-pinned-container-id=\"vector-appearance-pinned-container\"\n\tdata-unpinned-container-id=\"vector-appearance-unpinned-container\"\n>\n\t<div class=\"vector-pinnable-header-label\">Appearance<\/div>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin\">move to sidebar<\/button>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin\">hide<\/button>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-bodyContent\" class=\"vector-body\" aria-labelledby=\"firstHeading\" data-mw-ve-target-container>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-body-before-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-mw-content-text\" class=\"mw-body-content\"><div class=\"mw-subjectpageheader\">\n<\/div><div class=\"mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\"><div class=\"shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux\" style=\"display:none\">Species of sponge<\/div>\n<p class=\"mw-empty-elt\">\n<\/p>\n\n<p><i><b>Callyspongia crassa<\/b><\/i>, commonly known as <b>prickly tube-sponge<\/b>, is a species of <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sponge\" title=\"Sponge\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">sponge<\/a> found from the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Red_Sea\" title=\"Red Sea\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Red Sea<\/a> to the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Seychelles\" title=\"Seychelles\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Seychelles<\/a>. Its wide flexible brown tube with exterior protuberances can appear as a single tube or as clusters of tubes and can reach up to 50 centimeters (20 inches) in size.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-1\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>1<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-:0&#95;2-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-2\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>2<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-:5&#95;3-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:5-3\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>3<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> Like many other sea sponges, it is primarily used for marine drugs as they have many bioactive components and properties.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-:1&#95;4-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-4\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>4<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> They also play an important role in marine reef and benthic communities, as they constantly filter water and act as habitats for smaller organisms.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-:3&#95;5-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:3-5\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>5<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-:4&#95;6-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:4-6\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>6<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> As sea sponges, they have the ability to reproduce both sexually and asexually.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-:6&#95;7-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:6-7\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>7<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<meta property=\"mw:PageProp\/toc\" \/>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-Naming_and_taxonomy\">Naming and taxonomy<\/h2><\/div>\n<p>The name crassa derives from the Latin word crassus meaning solid, thick, fat, or dense.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-8\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-8\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>8<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> Its common name, the prickly tube-sponge, comes from its physical appearance as it is a tube sponge and it is nearly completely covered in spines.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-:2&#95;9-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:2-9\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>9<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> It was previously named <i>Sclerochalina crassa,<\/i> but was eventually moved to the genus <i>Callyspongia.<\/i><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-:0&#95;2-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-2\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>2<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-:7&#95;10-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:7-10\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>10<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p><p>The genus <i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Callyspongia\" title=\"Callyspongia\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Callyspongia<\/a><\/i> belongs to the family <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Callyspongiidae\" title=\"Callyspongiidae\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Callyspongiidae<\/a>. This family contains four genera: <i>Arenosclera, Callyspongia, Dactylia,<\/i> and <i>Siphonochalina<\/i> with <i>Callyspongia<\/i> being the largest and containing over 180 species.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-11\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-11\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>11<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> They are under the phylum <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sponge\" title=\"Sponge\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Porifera<\/a>, making them a sponge. Specifically, they are <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Demosponge\" title=\"Demosponge\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Demosponges<\/a>, which is the most diverse class in the phylum Porifera.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-12\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-12\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>12<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-Description\">Description<\/h2><\/div>\n<p>The prickly tube-sponge is a large, flexible, brown, sometimes red, tube that can be found as a singular tube or as a cluster. It has been known to reach up to 50 centimeters (~20 inches) with specimens as small as 2&#160;mm having been found, but it typically has an average diameter of 30 centimeters (~12 inches). Most of its surface is covered with spines or spine-like protrusions which tend to taper away towards the upper part of the tube.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-:0&#95;2-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-2\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>2<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-:1&#95;4-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-4\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>4<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-:2&#95;9-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:2-9\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>9<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-Gallery\">Gallery<\/h2><\/div>\n<ul class=\"gallery mw-gallery-packed\">\n\t\t<li class=\"gallerybox\" style=\"width: 92px\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"thumb\" style=\"width: 90px;\"><span typeof=\"mw:File\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Callyspongia_crassa_1_at_Shaab_Claudia.JPG\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/6\/65\/Callyspongia_crassa_1_at_Shaab_Claudia.JPG\/250px-Callyspongia_crassa_1_at_Shaab_Claudia.JPG\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"90\" height=\"120\" class=\"mw-file-element\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"gallerytext\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t<li class=\"gallerybox\" style=\"width: 122px\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"thumb\" style=\"width: 120px;\"><span typeof=\"mw:File\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Esponja_(Callyspongia_crassa),_mar_Rojo,_Egipto,_2023-04-16,_DD_24.jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/f\/fa\/Esponja_%28Callyspongia_crassa%29%2C_mar_Rojo%2C_Egipto%2C_2023-04-16%2C_DD_24.jpg\/250px-Esponja_%28Callyspongia_crassa%29%2C_mar_Rojo%2C_Egipto%2C_2023-04-16%2C_DD_24.jpg\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"120\" height=\"120\" class=\"mw-file-element\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"gallerytext\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t<li class=\"gallerybox\" style=\"width: 122px\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"thumb\" style=\"width: 120px;\"><span typeof=\"mw:File\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Esponja_(Callyspongia_crassa),_mar_Rojo,_Egipto,_2023-04-17,_DD_92.jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/e\/ec\/Esponja_%28Callyspongia_crassa%29%2C_mar_Rojo%2C_Egipto%2C_2023-04-17%2C_DD_92.jpg\/250px-Esponja_%28Callyspongia_crassa%29%2C_mar_Rojo%2C_Egipto%2C_2023-04-17%2C_DD_92.jpg\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"120\" height=\"120\" class=\"mw-file-element\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"gallerytext\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t<li class=\"gallerybox\" style=\"width: 122px\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"thumb\" style=\"width: 120px;\"><span typeof=\"mw:File\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Esponja_(Callyspongia_crassa),_mar_Rojo,_Egipto,_2023-04-18,_DD_51.jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/7\/7f\/Esponja_%28Callyspongia_crassa%29%2C_mar_Rojo%2C_Egipto%2C_2023-04-18%2C_DD_51.jpg\/250px-Esponja_%28Callyspongia_crassa%29%2C_mar_Rojo%2C_Egipto%2C_2023-04-18%2C_DD_51.jpg\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"120\" height=\"120\" class=\"mw-file-element\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"gallerytext\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-Human_use_and_ecosystem_relevance\">Human use and ecosystem relevance<\/h2><\/div>\n<p>Humans mainly use these sponges for marine drugs.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-:1&#95;4-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-4\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>4<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> Many species of sponge are used for marine drugs due to their bioactive components, many of which are used for antiseptic agents.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-:1&#95;4-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-4\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>4<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-:2&#95;9-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:2-9\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>9<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> <i>Callyspongia crassa<\/i> has over 20 compounds with anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial properties, among others, which  contribute to its various medical uses.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-:2&#95;9-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:2-9\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>9<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> <sup class=\"noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact\" style=\"white-space:nowrap;\">[<i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Citation_needed\" title=\"Wikipedia:Citation needed\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span title=\"The medical use seems to go back to one research team, see talk page (September 2024)\">citation needed<\/span><\/a><\/i>]<\/sup>\n<\/p><p>Sea sponges are also of important use in the wild. They play an important role in nutrient recycling and in filtering the water<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-:3&#95;5-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:3-5\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>5<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> which is useful for many of the reefs that they live in as clearer water makes sunlight more accessible for <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Photosynthesis\" title=\"Photosynthesis\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">photosynthesizing organisms<\/a> in the same area.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-13\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-13\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>13<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> Many sponges also serve as a habitat for a variety of other organisms. They can serve as microhabitats,<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-:3&#95;5-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:3-5\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>5<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> with conditions different from the larger surrounding area. Tube sponges specifically, often have small fish and other inhabitants living inside of the tubes.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-:4&#95;6-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:4-6\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>6<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-Ecology\">Ecology<\/h2><\/div>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"rdp-we-Habitat\">Habitat<\/h3><\/div>\n<p>These sponges are native to the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Red_Sea\" title=\"Red Sea\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Red Sea<\/a>. Samples have been found in the southern Red Sea off the coasts of <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sudan\" title=\"Sudan\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Sudan<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eritrea\" title=\"Eritrea\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Eritrea<\/a><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-:0&#95;2-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-2\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>2<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> and in the northern Red Sea in the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gulf_of_Aqaba\" title=\"Gulf of Aqaba\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Gulf of Aqaba<\/a> at <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eilat\" title=\"Eilat\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Eilat<\/a>.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-:1&#95;4-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-4\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>4<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-:2&#95;9-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:2-9\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>9<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> They are known to live in marine <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Reef\" title=\"Reef\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">reef<\/a> and marine <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Benthic_zone\" title=\"Benthic zone\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">benthic<\/a> habitats, relatively close to shore.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-:0&#95;2-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-2\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>2<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> They have been found between a depth of 1\u201330 m, but they are more abundant at deeper depths (15\u201330 m).<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-:1&#95;4-5\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-4\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>4<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> They live in waters with high salinity and warm temperatures, with water in the Red Sea never dropping below 21&#160;\u00b0C (70&#160;\u00b0F).<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-:7&#95;10-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:7-10\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>10<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"rdp-we-Feeding\">Feeding<\/h3><\/div>\n<p><i>Callyspongia crassa<\/i> are <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Filter_feeder\" title=\"Filter feeder\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">filter feeders<\/a> and suspension feeders, but they mainly filter feed.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-:0&#95;2-5\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-2\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>2<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> They filter feed because they lack true tissues and organs, so they can not have a digestive system similar to other animals.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-14\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-14\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>14<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-15\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-15\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>15<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> This sponge filter feeds by taking in water towards the base, filtering it to get the nutrients and food, and then expelling the leftover water out through the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Osculum\" title=\"Osculum\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">osculum<\/a>.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-16\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-16\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>16<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> They are <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Omnivore\" title=\"Omnivore\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">omnivores<\/a> as their diet consists of both small plants and animals.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-:5&#95;3-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:5-3\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>3<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"rdp-we-Reproduction\">Reproduction<\/h3><\/div>\n<p>Sea sponges can reproduce both <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sexual_reproduction\" title=\"Sexual reproduction\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">sexually<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Asexual_reproduction\" title=\"Asexual reproduction\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">asexually<\/a>. They often switch between the two seasonally, to best grow their populations and take up space on the reef.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-:6&#95;7-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:6-7\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>7<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-17\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-17\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>17<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-References\">References<\/h2><\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns\"><ol class=\"references\">\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-1\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-1\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFLieskeMyers2004\" class=\"citation book cs1\">Lieske, Ewald; Myers, Robert (2004). <i>Coral reef guide. Red Sea<\/i>. HarperCollins. p.&#160;238. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"ISBN (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">ISBN<\/a>&#160;<bdi>9780007741731<\/bdi>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Coral+reef+guide.+Red+Sea&amp;rft.pages=238&amp;rft.pub=HarperCollins&amp;rft.date=2004&amp;rft.isbn=9780007741731&amp;rft.aulast=Lieske&amp;rft.aufirst=Ewald&amp;rft.au=Myers%2C+Robert&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACallyspongia+crassa\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-:0-2\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_2-0\"><sup><i><b>a<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_2-1\"><sup><i><b>b<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_2-2\"><sup><i><b>c<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_2-3\"><sup><i><b>d<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_2-4\"><sup><i><b>e<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_2-5\"><sup><i><b>f<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/porifera\/porifera.php?p=taxdetails&id=166088\" target=\"_new\">World Porifera Database - Species - Callyspongia crassa (Keller, 1889)<\/a><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-:5-3\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-:5_3-0\"><sup><i><b>a<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-:5_3-1\"><sup><i><b>b<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/eol.org\/pages\/45315647\" target=\"_new\">\"Callyspongia crassa (Keller 1889) - Encyclopedia of Life\"<\/a>. <i>eol.org<\/i><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">2022-04-26<\/span><\/span>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=eol.org&amp;rft.atitle=Callyspongia+crassa+%28Keller+1889%29+-+Encyclopedia+of+Life&amp;rft&#95;id=https%3A%2F%2Feol.org%2Fpages%2F45315647&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACallyspongia+crassa\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-:1-4\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_4-0\"><sup><i><b>a<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_4-1\"><sup><i><b>b<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_4-2\"><sup><i><b>c<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_4-3\"><sup><i><b>d<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_4-4\"><sup><i><b>e<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_4-5\"><sup><i><b>f<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFIbrahimEl-NaggarEl-DamhougyBashar2017\" class=\"citation journal cs1\">Ibrahim, Hassan A. H.; El-Naggar, Hussein A.; El-Damhougy, Khalied A.; Bashar, Mansour A. E.; Abou Senna, Fekry M. (2017-12-15). <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186%2Fs41936-017-0011-5\" target=\"_new\">\"Callyspongia crassa and C. siphonella (Porifera, Callyspongiidae) as a potential source for medical bioactive substances, Aqaba Gulf, Red Sea, Egypt\"<\/a>. <i>The Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology<\/i>. <b>78<\/b> (1): 7. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Doi (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">doi<\/a>:<span class=\"id-lock-free\" title=\"Freely accessible\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186%2Fs41936-017-0011-5\" target=\"_new\">10.1186\/s41936-017-0011-5<\/a><\/span>. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"ISSN (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">ISSN<\/a>&#160;<a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/issn\/2090-990X\" target=\"_new\">2090-990X<\/a>. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/S2CID_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"S2CID (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">S2CID<\/a>&#160;<a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:26352520\" target=\"_new\">26352520<\/a>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Basic+and+Applied+Zoology&amp;rft.atitle=Callyspongia+crassa+and+C.+siphonella+%28Porifera%2C+Callyspongiidae%29+as+a+potential+source+for+medical+bioactive+substances%2C+Aqaba+Gulf%2C+Red+Sea%2C+Egypt&amp;rft.volume=78&amp;rft.issue=1&amp;rft.pages=7&amp;rft.date=2017-12-15&amp;rft&#95;id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A26352520%23id-name%3DS2CID&amp;rft.issn=2090-990X&amp;rft&#95;id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1186%2Fs41936-017-0011-5&amp;rft.aulast=Ibrahim&amp;rft.aufirst=Hassan+A.+H.&amp;rft.au=El-Naggar%2C+Hussein+A.&amp;rft.au=El-Damhougy%2C+Khalied+A.&amp;rft.au=Bashar%2C+Mansour+A.+E.&amp;rft.au=Abou+Senna%2C+Fekry+M.&amp;rft&#95;id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1186%252Fs41936-017-0011-5&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACallyspongia+crassa\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-:3-5\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-:3_5-0\"><sup><i><b>a<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-:3_5-1\"><sup><i><b>b<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-:3_5-2\"><sup><i><b>c<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFSinghThakur2017\" class=\"citation journal cs1\">Singh, Anshika; Thakur, Narsinh L. (22 December 2017). \"Influence of spatial competitor on asexual reproduction of the marine sponge Cinachyrella cf. cavernosa (Porifera, Demospongiae)\". <i>Hydrobiologia<\/i>. <b>809<\/b>: <span class=\"nowrap\">247\u2013<\/span>263. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Doi (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">doi<\/a>:<a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007%2Fs10750-017-3470-2\" target=\"_new\">10.1007\/s10750-017-3470-2<\/a>. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/S2CID_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"S2CID (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">S2CID<\/a>&#160;<a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:3320898\" target=\"_new\">3320898<\/a>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Hydrobiologia&amp;rft.atitle=Influence+of+spatial+competitor+on+asexual+reproduction+of+the+marine+sponge+Cinachyrella+cf.+cavernosa+%28Porifera%2C+Demospongiae%29&amp;rft.volume=809&amp;rft.pages=247-263&amp;rft.date=2017-12-22&amp;rft&#95;id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fs10750-017-3470-2&amp;rft&#95;id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A3320898%23id-name%3DS2CID&amp;rft.aulast=Singh&amp;rft.aufirst=Anshika&amp;rft.au=Thakur%2C+Narsinh+L.&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACallyspongia+crassa\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-:4-6\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-:4_6-0\"><sup><i><b>a<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-:4_6-1\"><sup><i><b>b<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFMajorisFranciscoAtemaBuston2018\" class=\"citation journal cs1\">Majoris, John E.; Francisco, Fritz A.; Atema, Jelle; Buston, Peter M. (20 January 2018). <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.aquaculture.2017.10.024\" target=\"_new\">\"Reproduction, early development, and larval rearing strategies for two sponge-dwelling neon gobies, Elacatinus lori and E. colini\"<\/a>. <i>Aquaculture<\/i>. <b>483<\/b>: <span class=\"nowrap\">286\u2013<\/span>295. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Doi (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">doi<\/a>:<span class=\"id-lock-free\" title=\"Freely accessible\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.aquaculture.2017.10.024\" target=\"_new\">10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2017.10.024<\/a><\/span>. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hdl_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Hdl (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">hdl<\/a>:<span class=\"id-lock-free\" title=\"Freely accessible\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/hdl.handle.net\/2144%2F39052\" target=\"_new\">2144\/39052<\/a><\/span>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Aquaculture&amp;rft.atitle=Reproduction%2C+early+development%2C+and+larval+rearing+strategies+for+two+sponge-dwelling+neon+gobies%2C+Elacatinus+lori+and+E.+colini&amp;rft.volume=483&amp;rft.pages=286-295&amp;rft.date=2018-01-20&amp;rft&#95;id=info%3Ahdl%2F2144%2F39052&amp;rft&#95;id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.aquaculture.2017.10.024&amp;rft.aulast=Majoris&amp;rft.aufirst=John+E.&amp;rft.au=Francisco%2C+Fritz+A.&amp;rft.au=Atema%2C+Jelle&amp;rft.au=Buston%2C+Peter+M.&amp;rft&#95;id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1016%252Fj.aquaculture.2017.10.024&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACallyspongia+crassa\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-:6-7\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-:6_7-0\"><sup><i><b>a<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-:6_7-1\"><sup><i><b>b<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFEreskovskyGeronimoP\u00e9rez2017\" class=\"citation journal cs1\">Ereskovsky, Alexander V.; Geronimo, Alexia; P\u00e9rez, Thierry (10 October 2017). <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/hal.archives-ouvertes.fr\/hal-01681599\/file\/Ereskovsky_et_al_2017.pdf\" target=\"_new\">\"Asexual and puzzling sexual reproduction of the Mediterranean sponge Haliclona fulva (Demospongiae): life cycle and cytological structures\"<\/a> <span class=\"cs1-format\">(PDF)<\/span>. <i>Invertebrate Biology<\/i>. <b>136<\/b> (4): <span class=\"nowrap\">403\u2013<\/span>421. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Doi (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">doi<\/a>:<a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111%2Fivb.12195\" target=\"_new\">10.1111\/ivb.12195<\/a>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Invertebrate+Biology&amp;rft.atitle=Asexual+and+puzzling+sexual+reproduction+of+the+Mediterranean+sponge+Haliclona+fulva+%28Demospongiae%29%3A+life+cycle+and+cytological+structures&amp;rft.volume=136&amp;rft.issue=4&amp;rft.pages=403-421&amp;rft.date=2017-10-10&amp;rft&#95;id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fivb.12195&amp;rft.aulast=Ereskovsky&amp;rft.aufirst=Alexander+V.&amp;rft.au=Geronimo%2C+Alexia&amp;rft.au=P%C3%A9rez%2C+Thierry&amp;rft&#95;id=https%3A%2F%2Fhal.archives-ouvertes.fr%2Fhal-01681599%2Ffile%2FEreskovsky&#95;et&#95;al&#95;2017.pdf&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACallyspongia+crassa\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-8\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-8\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFLewis1918\" class=\"citation book cs1\">Lewis, Charlton Thomas (1918). <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/archive.org\/details\/elementarylatind00lewi\" target=\"_new\"><i>An elementary Latin dictionary, with an appendix of names of persons and places met in the Latin authors commonly studied in the first two years of the college course<\/i><\/a>. Harold B. Lee Library. New York, American book company.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=An+elementary+Latin+dictionary%2C+with+an+appendix+of+names+of+persons+and+places+met+in+the+Latin+authors+commonly+studied+in+the+first+two+years+of+the+college+course&amp;rft.pub=New+York%2C+American+book+company&amp;rft.date=1918&amp;rft.aulast=Lewis&amp;rft.aufirst=Charlton+Thomas&amp;rft&#95;id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Felementarylatind00lewi&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACallyspongia+crassa\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-:2-9\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-:2_9-0\"><sup><i><b>a<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-:2_9-1\"><sup><i><b>b<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-:2_9-2\"><sup><i><b>c<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-:2_9-3\"><sup><i><b>d<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-:2_9-4\"><sup><i><b>e<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFK.A.BasharEl-NaggarIbrahim2017\" class=\"citation journal cs1\">K.A., El-Damhougy; Bashar, Mansour A.E.; El-Naggar, Hussein A.; Ibrahim, Hassan A.H.; Abou Senna, Fekry M. (March 2017). <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/333376457\" target=\"_new\">\"GC-MS ANALYSIS OF BIOACTIVE COMPONENTS OF CALLYSPONGIA CRASSA (PORIFERA) FROM GULF OF AQABA RED SEA (EGYPT)\"<\/a>. <i>Al Azhar Bulletin of Science<\/i>. <b>9<\/b>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Al+Azhar+Bulletin+of+Science&amp;rft.atitle=GC-MS+ANALYSIS+OF+BIOACTIVE+COMPONENTS+OF+CALLYSPONGIA+CRASSA+%28PORIFERA%29+FROM+GULF+OF+AQABA+RED+SEA+%28EGYPT%29&amp;rft.volume=9&amp;rft.date=2017-03&amp;rft.aulast=K.A.&amp;rft.aufirst=El-Damhougy&amp;rft.au=Bashar%2C+Mansour+A.E.&amp;rft.au=El-Naggar%2C+Hussein+A.&amp;rft.au=Ibrahim%2C+Hassan+A.H.&amp;rft.au=Abou+Senna%2C+Fekry+M.&amp;rft&#95;id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F333376457&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACallyspongia+crassa\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-:7-10\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-:7_10-0\"><sup><i><b>a<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-:7_10-1\"><sup><i><b>b<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFVoolstraBerumen2019\" class=\"citation book cs1\">Voolstra, Christian R.; Berumen, Michael L. (2019). <i>Coral Reefs of the Red Sea<\/i>. Springer.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Coral+Reefs+of+the+Red+Sea&amp;rft.pub=Springer&amp;rft.date=2019&amp;rft.aulast=Voolstra&amp;rft.aufirst=Christian+R.&amp;rft.au=Berumen%2C+Michael+L.&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACallyspongia+crassa\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-11\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-11\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=131635\" target=\"_new\">\"WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Callyspongiidae Laubenfels, 1936\"<\/a>. <i>www.marinespecies.org<\/i><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">2022-04-26<\/span><\/span>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.marinespecies.org&amp;rft.atitle=WoRMS+-+World+Register+of+Marine+Species+-+Callyspongiidae+Laubenfels%2C+1936&amp;rft&#95;id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.marinespecies.org%2Faphia.php%3Fp%3Dtaxdetails%26id%3D131635&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACallyspongia+crassa\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-12\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-12\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/porifera\/\" target=\"_new\">\"World Porifera Database\"<\/a>. <i>www.marinespecies.org<\/i><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">2022-04-26<\/span><\/span>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.marinespecies.org&amp;rft.atitle=World+Porifera+Database&amp;rft&#95;id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.marinespecies.org%2Fporifera%2F&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACallyspongia+crassa\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-13\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-13\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFFourneyFigueiredo2017\" class=\"citation journal cs1\">Fourney, Francesca; Figueiredo, Joana (28 September 2017). <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5620051\" target=\"_new\">\"Additive negative effects of anthropogenic sedimentation and warming on the survival of coral recruits\"<\/a>. <i>Scientific Reports<\/i>. <b>7<\/b> (1): 12380. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Bibcode (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2017NatSR...712380F\" target=\"_new\">2017NatSR...712380F<\/a>. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Doi (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">doi<\/a>:<a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038%2Fs41598-017-12607-w\" target=\"_new\">10.1038\/s41598-017-12607-w<\/a>. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PMC_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"PMC (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">PMC<\/a>&#160;<span class=\"id-lock-free\" title=\"Freely accessible\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5620051\" target=\"_new\">5620051<\/a><\/span>. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PMID_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"PMID (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">PMID<\/a>&#160;<a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/28959051\" target=\"_new\">28959051<\/a>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Scientific+Reports&amp;rft.atitle=Additive+negative+effects+of+anthropogenic+sedimentation+and+warming+on+the+survival+of+coral+recruits&amp;rft.volume=7&amp;rft.issue=1&amp;rft.pages=12380&amp;rft.date=2017-09-28&amp;rft&#95;id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5620051%23id-name%3DPMC&amp;rft&#95;id=info%3Apmid%2F28959051&amp;rft&#95;id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fs41598-017-12607-w&amp;rft&#95;id=info%3Abibcode%2F2017NatSR...712380F&amp;rft.aulast=Fourney&amp;rft.aufirst=Francesca&amp;rft.au=Figueiredo%2C+Joana&amp;rft&#95;id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5620051&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACallyspongia+crassa\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-14\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-14\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.qm.qld.gov.au\/microsites\/biodiscovery\/03sponges-and-corals\/structure-of-sponges.html\" target=\"_new\">\"Structure of Sponges - Biodiscovery and the Great Barrier Reef\"<\/a>. Queensland Museum<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">2022-04-26<\/span><\/span>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Structure+of+Sponges+-+Biodiscovery+and+the+Great+Barrier+Reef&amp;rft.pub=Queensland+Museum&amp;rft&#95;id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.qm.qld.gov.au%2Fmicrosites%2Fbiodiscovery%2F03sponges-and-corals%2Fstructure-of-sponges.html&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACallyspongia+crassa\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-15\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-15\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFThackerD\u00edazKernerVignes-Lebbe2014\" class=\"citation journal cs1\">Thacker, Robert W; D\u00edaz, Maria Cristina; Kerner, Adeline; Vignes-Lebbe, R\u00e9gine; Segerdell, Erik; Haendel, Melissa A; Mungall, Christopher J (2014-09-08). <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4177528\" target=\"_new\">\"The Porifera Ontology (PORO): enhancing sponge systematics with an anatomy ontology\"<\/a>. <i>Journal of Biomedical Semantics<\/i>. <b>5<\/b> (1): 39. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Doi (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">doi<\/a>:<span class=\"id-lock-free\" title=\"Freely accessible\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186%2F2041-1480-5-39\" target=\"_new\">10.1186\/2041-1480-5-39<\/a><\/span>. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"ISSN (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">ISSN<\/a>&#160;<a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/issn\/2041-1480\" target=\"_new\">2041-1480<\/a>. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PMC_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"PMC (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">PMC<\/a>&#160;<span class=\"id-lock-free\" title=\"Freely accessible\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4177528\" target=\"_new\">4177528<\/a><\/span>. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PMID_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"PMID (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">PMID<\/a>&#160;<a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/25276334\" target=\"_new\">25276334<\/a>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biomedical+Semantics&amp;rft.atitle=The+Porifera+Ontology+%28PORO%29%3A+enhancing+sponge+systematics+with+an+anatomy+ontology&amp;rft.volume=5&amp;rft.issue=1&amp;rft.pages=39&amp;rft.date=2014-09-08&amp;rft&#95;id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC4177528%23id-name%3DPMC&amp;rft.issn=2041-1480&amp;rft&#95;id=info%3Apmid%2F25276334&amp;rft&#95;id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1186%2F2041-1480-5-39&amp;rft.aulast=Thacker&amp;rft.aufirst=Robert+W&amp;rft.au=D%C3%ADaz%2C+Maria+Cristina&amp;rft.au=Kerner%2C+Adeline&amp;rft.au=Vignes-Lebbe%2C+R%C3%A9gine&amp;rft.au=Segerdell%2C+Erik&amp;rft.au=Haendel%2C+Melissa+A&amp;rft.au=Mungall%2C+Christopher+J&amp;rft&#95;id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC4177528&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACallyspongia+crassa\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-16\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-16\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFRuppertFoxBarnes2004\" class=\"citation book cs1\">Ruppert, Edward E.; Fox, Richard S.; Barnes, Robert D. (2004). <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/archive.org\/details\/isbn_9780030259821\" target=\"_new\"><i>Invertebrate zoology&#160;: a functional evolutionary approach<\/i><\/a>. Internet Archive. Belmont, CA&#160;: Thomson-Brooks\/Cole. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"ISBN (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">ISBN<\/a>&#160;<bdi>978-0-03-025982-1<\/bdi>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Invertebrate+zoology+%3A+a+functional+evolutionary+approach&amp;rft.pub=Belmont%2C+CA+%3A+Thomson-Brooks%2FCole&amp;rft.date=2004&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-03-025982-1&amp;rft.aulast=Ruppert&amp;rft.aufirst=Edward+E.&amp;rft.au=Fox%2C+Richard+S.&amp;rft.au=Barnes%2C+Robert+D.&amp;rft&#95;id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fisbn&#95;9780030259821&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACallyspongia+crassa\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-17\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-17\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFZilberbergSol\u00e9-CavaKlautau2006\" class=\"citation journal cs1\">Zilberberg, C.; Sol\u00e9-Cava, A.M.; Klautau, M. (5 September 2006). \"The extent of asexual reproduction in sponges of the genus Chondrilla (Demospongiae: Chondrosida) from the Caribbean and the Brazilian coasts\". <i>Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology<\/i>. <b>336<\/b> (2): <span class=\"nowrap\">211\u2013<\/span>220. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Doi (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">doi<\/a>:<a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.jembe.2006.05.010\" target=\"_new\">10.1016\/j.jembe.2006.05.010<\/a>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Experimental+Marine+Biology+and+Ecology&amp;rft.atitle=The+extent+of+asexual+reproduction+in+sponges+of+the+genus+Chondrilla+%28Demospongiae%3A+Chondrosida%29+from+the+Caribbean+and+the+Brazilian+coasts&amp;rft.volume=336&amp;rft.issue=2&amp;rft.pages=211-220&amp;rft.date=2006-09-05&amp;rft&#95;id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.jembe.2006.05.010&amp;rft.aulast=Zilberberg&amp;rft.aufirst=C.&amp;rft.au=Sol%C3%A9-Cava%2C+A.M.&amp;rft.au=Klautau%2C+M.&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACallyspongia+crassa\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"navbox-styles\"><\/div><div role=\"navigation\" class=\"navbox\" aria-labelledby=\"Taxon&#95;identifiers1550\" style=\"padding:3px\"><table class=\"nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner\" style=\"border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit\"><tbody><tr><th scope=\"col\" class=\"navbox-title\" colspan=\"2\"><div id=\"rdp-we-Taxon&#95;identifiers1550\" style=\"font-size:114%;margin:0 4em\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:Taxon_identifiers\" title=\"Help:Taxon identifiers\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Taxon identifiers<\/a><\/div><\/th><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%;text-align: left;\"><i>Callyspongia crassa<\/i><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikidata\" title=\"Wikidata\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Wikidata<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><span class=\"external\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q2847485\" class=\"extiw wiki-link\" title=\"wikidata:Q2847485\" target=\"_new\">Q2847485<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikispecies\" title=\"Wikispecies\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Wikispecies<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><span class=\"external\"><a href=\"https:\/\/species.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Callyspongia_crassa\" class=\"extiw wiki-link\" title=\"wikispecies:Callyspongia crassa\" target=\"_new\">Callyspongia crassa<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Catalogue_of_Life\" title=\"Catalogue of Life\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">CoL<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.catalogueoflife.org\/data\/taxon\/PWQH\" target=\"_new\">PWQH<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility\" title=\"Global Biodiversity Information Facility\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">GBIF<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gbif.org\/species\/2246116\" target=\"_new\">2246116<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/INaturalist\" title=\"INaturalist\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">iNaturalist<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/inaturalist.org\/taxa\/367123\" target=\"_new\">367123<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera\" title=\"Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">IRMNG<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.irmng.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=11250368\" target=\"_new\">11250368<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ocean_Biodiversity_Information_System\" title=\"Ocean Biodiversity Information System\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">OBIS<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/obis.org\/taxon\/166088\" target=\"_new\">166088<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Open_Tree_of_Life\" title=\"Open Tree of Life\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Open Tree of Life<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/tree.opentreeoflife.org\/taxonomy\/browse?id=2834389\" target=\"_new\">2834389<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_Register_of_Marine_Species\" title=\"World Register of Marine Species\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">WoRMS<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=166088\" target=\"_new\">166088<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div>\n<!-- \nNewPP limit report\nParsed by mw\u2010api\u2010ext.eqiad.main\u20107486f9f4f4\u2010t5r7s\nCached time: 20260612112815\nCache expiry: 2592000\nCache expiry source: Module:Citation\/CS1 (os.date(%Y))\nReduced expiry: false\nComplications: [vary\u2010revision\u2010sha1, prevent\u2010selective\u2010update, show\u2010toc]\nCPU time usage: 0.331 seconds\nReal time usage: 1.148 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 4562\/1000000\nRevision size: 11081\/2097152 bytes\nPost\u2010expand include size: 55080\/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 4752\/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 21\/100\nExpensive parser function count: 9\/500\nUnstrip recursion depth: 1\/20\nUnstrip post\u2010expand size: 77313\/5000000 bytes\nLua time usage: 0.213\/10.000 seconds\nLua memory usage: 7340493\/52428800 bytes\nNumber of Wikibase entities loaded: 8\/500\n-->\n<!--\nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00%  508.197      1 -total\n 28.75%  146.101      1 Template:Speciesbox\n 26.87%  136.553      1 Template:Taxobox\/core\n 20.76%  105.509      1 Template:Reflist\n 17.57%   89.307      1 Template:Taxonbar\n 12.33%   62.684      1 Template:Short_description\n 10.76%   54.691      4 Template:Cite_book\n  8.43%   42.861      1 Template:Commons_category\n  7.88%   40.041      1 Template:Sister_project\n  7.48%   38.009      1 Template:Side_box\n-->\n\n<!-- Render ID cd6c429f-6651-11f1-b7de-13ff5ca85b6f -->\n\n<!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:42836335:|#|:idhash:canonical and timestamp 20260612112815 and revision id 1266142799. 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class=\"vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary\" aria-hidden=\"true\" ><i>Callyspongia crassa<\/i><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-sticky-header-end\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-sticky-header-icons\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#\" class=\"cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only\" id=\"rdp-we-ca-talk-sticky-header\" tabindex=\"-1\" data-event-name=\"talk-sticky-header\"><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles\"><\/span>\n\n<span><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<a href=\"#\" class=\"cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only\" id=\"rdp-we-ca-subject-sticky-header\" tabindex=\"-1\" data-event-name=\"subject-sticky-header\"><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article\"><\/span>\n\n<span><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<a href=\"#\" 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cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector\" id=\"rdp-we-p-lang-btn-sticky-header\" tabindex=\"-1\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header\"><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language\"><\/span>\n\n<span>7 languages<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t<a href=\"#\" class=\"cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive\" id=\"rdp-we-ca-addsection-sticky-header\" tabindex=\"-1\" data-event-name=\"addsection-sticky-header\"><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive\"><\/span>\n\n<span>Add topic<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-sticky-header-icon-end\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-user-links\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet\" id=\"rdp-we-p-dock-bottom\">\n\t<ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<\/div><!-- #rdp-we-main -->\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\">Genus<\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Callyspongia<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\">Species<\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">crassa<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":1311,"template":"","meta":[],"product_brand":[],"product_cat":[41],"product_tag":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-451","1":"product","2":"type-product","3":"status-publish","4":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"product_cat-sponges","8":"first","9":"instock","10":"shipping-taxable","11":"product-type-simple"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Prickly tube-sponge - Moalboal Reef Species<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A comprehensive online checklist of reef flora and fauna known to be present in the Moalboal reef 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