{"id":355,"date":"2019-11-04T11:58:20","date_gmt":"2019-11-04T11:58:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/pavclients.com\/moalboal\/?post_type=product&#038;p=355"},"modified":"2020-07-06T08:38:18","modified_gmt":"2020-07-06T08:38:18","slug":"bigfin-reef-squid","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/reefspecies.com\/moalboal\/species\/bigfin-reef-squid\/","title":{"rendered":"Bigfin reef squid"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"rdp-we-main\" data-resource=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bigfin_reef_squid\">\n<div id=\"rdp-we-mw-aria-live-region\" class=\"mw-aria-live-region\" aria-live=\"polite\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"vector-header-container\">\n\t<header class=\"vector-header mw-header no-font-mode-scale\">\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-header-start\">\n\t\t\t<nav class=\"vector-main-menu-landmark\" aria-label=\"Site\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-main-menu-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right\"  title=\"Main menu\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"rdp-we-vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox\"  aria-label=\"Main menu\"  >\n\t<label id=\"rdp-we-vector-main-menu-dropdown-label\" for=\"vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only\" aria-hidden=\"true\"  ><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu\"><\/span>\n\n<span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">Main menu<\/span>\n\t<\/label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-main-menu-unpinned-container\" class=\"vector-unpinned-container\">\n\t\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-main-menu\" class=\"vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element\">\n\t<div\n\tclass=\"vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned\"\n\tdata-feature-name=\"main-menu-pinned\"\n\tdata-pinnable-element-id=\"vector-main-menu\"\n\tdata-pinned-container-id=\"vector-main-menu-pinned-container\"\n\tdata-unpinned-container-id=\"vector-main-menu-unpinned-container\"\n>\n\t<div class=\"vector-pinnable-header-label\">Main menu<\/div>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin\">move to sidebar<\/button>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin\">hide<\/button>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-navigation\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation\"  >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-heading\">\n\t\tNavigation\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-n-mainpage-description\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Main_Page\" title=\"Visit the main page [z]\" accesskey=\"z\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Main page<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-n-contents\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Contents\" title=\"Guides to browsing Wikipedia\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Contents<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-n-currentevents\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portal:Current_events\" title=\"Articles related to current events\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Current events<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-n-randompage\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><span>Random article<\/span><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-n-aboutsite\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:About\" title=\"Learn about Wikipedia and how it works\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>About Wikipedia<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-n-contactpage\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Contact_us\" title=\"How to contact Wikipedia\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Contact us<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-interaction\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction\"  >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-heading\">\n\t\tContribute\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-n-help\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:Contents\" title=\"Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Help<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-n-introduction\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:Introduction\" title=\"Learn how to edit Wikipedia\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Learn to edit<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-n-portal\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Community_portal\" title=\"The hub for editors\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Community portal<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-n-recentchanges\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><span>Recent changes<\/span><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-n-upload\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard\" title=\"Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Upload file<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-n-specialpages\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><span>Special pages<\/span><\/li>\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\n<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Main_Page\" class=\"mw-logo wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">\n\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"mw-logo-icon\" src=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/static\/images\/icons\/enwiki-25.svg\" alt=\"\" aria-hidden=\"true\" height=\"50\" width=\"50\">\n\t<span class=\"mw-logo-container skin-invert\">\n\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"mw-logo-wordmark\" alt=\"Wikipedia\" src=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/static\/images\/mobile\/copyright\/wikipedia-wordmark-en-25.svg\" style=\"width: 8.75em; height: 1.375em;\">\n\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"mw-logo-tagline\" alt=\"The Free Encyclopedia\" src=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/static\/images\/mobile\/copyright\/wikipedia-tagline-en-25.svg\" width=\"140\" height=\"11\" style=\"width: 8.75em; height: 0.6875em;\">\n\t<\/span>\n<\/a>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-header-end\">\n\t\t\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-search\" role=\"search\" class=\"vector-search-box-vue  vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box\">\n\t<span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search\"><\/span>\n\n<span>Search<\/span>\n\t\n\t<div class=\"vector-typeahead-search-container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width\">\n\t\t\t<form action=\"\/w\/index.php\" id=\"rdp-we-searchform\" class=\"cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button\">\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-simpleSearch\" class=\"cdx-search-input__input-wrapper\"  data-search-loc=\"header-moved\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<input\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"cdx-text-input__input mw-searchInput\" autocomplete=\"off\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t type=\"search\" name=\"search\" placeholder=\"Search Wikipedia\" aria-label=\"Search Wikipedia\" autocapitalize=\"none\" spellcheck=\"false\" title=\"Search Wikipedia [f]\" accesskey=\"f\" id=\"rdp-we-searchInput\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"title\" value=\"Special:Search\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<button class=\"cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button\">Search<\/button>\n\t\t\t<\/form>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t<nav class=\"vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide\" aria-label=\"Personal tools\">\n\t<div class=\"vector-user-links-main\">\n\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-vector-user-menu-preferences\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet\"  >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-vector-user-menu-userpage\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet\"  >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t<nav class=\"vector-appearance-landmark\" aria-label=\"Appearance\">\n\t\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-appearance-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown\"  title=\"Change the appearance of the page&#039;s font size, width, and color\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"rdp-we-vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox\"  aria-label=\"Appearance\"  >\n\t<label id=\"rdp-we-vector-appearance-dropdown-label\" for=\"vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only\" aria-hidden=\"true\"  ><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance\"><\/span>\n\n<span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">Appearance<\/span>\n\t<\/label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-appearance-unpinned-container\" class=\"vector-unpinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t<\/nav>\n\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-vector-user-menu-notifications\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet\"  >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-vector-user-menu-overflow\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet\"  >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-pt-sitesupport-2\" class=\"mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item vector-menu-item--collapsible\"><a data-mw-interface href=\"https:\/\/donate.wikimedia.org\/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en\" data-mw-donate-attempt=\"top_link\" class=\" wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Donate<\/span><\/a>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-pt-createaccount-2\" class=\"mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item vector-menu-item--collapsible\"><span>Create account<\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-pt-login-2\" class=\"mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item vector-menu-item--collapsible\"><span>Log in<\/span>\n<\/li>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-user-links-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out vector-user-links-dropdown--collapsible user-links-collapsible-item\"  title=\"Log in and more options\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"rdp-we-vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox\"  aria-label=\"Personal tools\"  >\n\t<label id=\"rdp-we-vector-user-links-dropdown-label\" for=\"vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only\" aria-hidden=\"true\"  ><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis\"><\/span>\n\n<span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">Personal tools<\/span>\n\t<\/label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-personal\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal\"  title=\"User menu\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-pt-sitesupport\" class=\"mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item vector-menu-item--collapsible\"><a data-mw-interface href=\"https:\/\/donate.wikimedia.org\/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en\" data-mw-donate-attempt=\"top_link\" class=\" wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-heart mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-heart\"><\/span>\n\n<span>Donate<\/span><\/a>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-pt-createaccount\" class=\"mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item vector-menu-item--collapsible\"><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd\"><\/span>\n\n<span>Create account<\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-pt-login\" class=\"mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item vector-menu-item--collapsible\"><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn\"><\/span>\n\n<span>Log in<\/span>\n<\/li>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/nav>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/header>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mw-page-container\">\n\t<div class=\"mw-page-container-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-sitenotice-container\">\n\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-siteNotice\"><!-- CentralNotice --><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-column-start\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-main-menu-container\">\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-sticky-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<nav id=\"rdp-we-mw-panel-toc\" aria-label=\"Contents\" data-event-name=\"ui.sidebar-toc\" class=\"mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-toc-pinned-container\" class=\"vector-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-toc\" class=\"vector-toc vector-pinnable-element\">\n\t<div\n\tclass=\"vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned\"\n\tdata-feature-name=\"toc-pinned\"\n\tdata-pinnable-element-id=\"vector-toc\"\n\tdata-pinned-container-id=\"vector-toc-pinned-container\"\n\tdata-unpinned-container-id=\"vector-toc-unpinned-container\"\n>\n\t<h2 class=\"vector-pinnable-header-label\">Contents<\/h2>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin\">move to sidebar<\/button>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin\">hide<\/button>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\t<ul class=\"vector-toc-contents\" id=\"rdp-we-mw-panel-toc-list\">\n\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-mw-content-text\"\n\t\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"#\" class=\"vector-toc-link\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">(Top)<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-Taxonomy_and_nomenclature\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Taxonomy_and_nomenclature\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">1<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Taxonomy and nomenclature<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-Taxonomy_and_nomenclature-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-Description\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Description\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">2<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Description<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t<button aria-controls=\"toc-Description-sublist\" class=\"cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Toggle Description subsection<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-Description-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-Coloration\"\n\t\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Coloration\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">2.1<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span>Coloration<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-Coloration-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-Sexual_dimorphism\"\n\t\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Sexual_dimorphism\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">2.2<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span>Sexual dimorphism<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-Sexual_dimorphism-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n\t<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-Ecology\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Ecology\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">3<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Ecology<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t<button aria-controls=\"toc-Ecology-sublist\" class=\"cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Toggle Ecology subsection<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-Ecology-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-Distribution_and_habitat\"\n\t\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Distribution_and_habitat\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">3.1<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span>Distribution and habitat<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-Distribution_and_habitat-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-Diet_and_predators\"\n\t\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Diet_and_predators\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">3.2<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span>Diet and predators<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-Diet_and_predators-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-Parasites\"\n\t\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Parasites\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">3.3<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span>Parasites<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-Parasites-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n\t<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-Biology_and_behaviour\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Biology_and_behaviour\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">4<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Biology and behaviour<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t<button aria-controls=\"toc-Biology_and_behaviour-sublist\" class=\"cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Toggle Biology and behaviour subsection<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-Biology_and_behaviour-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-Phototaxis\"\n\t\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Phototaxis\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">4.1<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span>Phototaxis<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-Phototaxis-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-Hearing\"\n\t\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Hearing\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">4.2<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span>Hearing<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-Hearing-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-Mating_behaviour\"\n\t\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Mating_behaviour\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">4.3<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span>Mating behaviour<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-Mating_behaviour-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-Reproduction_and_life_cycle\"\n\t\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Reproduction_and_life_cycle\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">4.4<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span>Reproduction and life cycle<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-Reproduction_and_life_cycle-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n\t<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-Economic_importance\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Economic_importance\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">5<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Economic importance<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t<button aria-controls=\"toc-Economic_importance-sublist\" class=\"cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Toggle Economic importance subsection<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-Economic_importance-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-Commercial_fishing_and_human_consumption\"\n\t\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Commercial_fishing_and_human_consumption\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">5.1<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span>Commercial fishing and human consumption<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-Commercial_fishing_and_human_consumption-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-Biomedical_research\"\n\t\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Biomedical_research\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">5.2<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span>Biomedical research<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-Biomedical_research-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-Global_warming\"\n\t\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Global_warming\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">5.3<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span>Global warming<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-Global_warming-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n\t<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-See_also\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#See_also\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">6<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>See also<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-See_also-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-References\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#References\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">7<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>References<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-References-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-External_links\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#External_links\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">8<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>External links<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-External_links-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"mw-content-container\">\n\t\t\t<main id=\"rdp-we-content\" class=\"mw-body\">\n\t\t\t\t<header class=\"mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar no-font-mode-scale\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<nav aria-label=\"Contents\" class=\"vector-toc-landmark\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-page-titlebar-toc\" class=\"vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left\"  title=\"Table of Contents\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"rdp-we-vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox\"  aria-label=\"Toggle the table of contents\"  >\n\t<label id=\"rdp-we-vector-page-titlebar-toc-label\" for=\"vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only\" aria-hidden=\"true\"  ><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet\"><\/span>\n\n<span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">Toggle the table of contents<\/span>\n\t<\/label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container\" class=\"vector-unpinned-container\">\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-lang-btn\" class=\"vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang\"  >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"rdp-we-p-lang-btn-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector\" aria-label=\"Go to an article in another language. Available in 15 languages\"   >\n\t<label id=\"rdp-we-p-lang-btn-label\" for=\"p-lang-btn-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-15\" aria-hidden=\"true\"  ><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive\"><\/span>\n\n<span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">15 languages<\/span>\n\t<\/label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%B0%D9%88_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%81_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A9\" title=\"\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u2013 Arabic\" lang=\"ar\" hreflang=\"ar\" data-title=\"\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629\" data-language-autonym=\"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\" data-language-local-name=\"Arabic\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/arz.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%B0%D9%88_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%81_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%87\" title=\"\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u2013 Egyptian Arabic\" lang=\"arz\" hreflang=\"arz\" data-title=\"\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0647\" data-language-autonym=\"\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0649\" data-language-local-name=\"Egyptian Arabic\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0649<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ceb.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sepioteuthis_lessoniana\" title=\"Sepioteuthis lessoniana \u2013 Cebuano\" lang=\"ceb\" hreflang=\"ceb\" data-title=\"Sepioteuthis lessoniana\" data-language-autonym=\"Cebuano\" data-language-local-name=\"Cebuano\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Cebuano<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sepioteuthis_lessoniana\" title=\"Sepioteuthis lessoniana \u2013 Spanish\" lang=\"es\" hreflang=\"es\" data-title=\"Sepioteuthis lessoniana\" data-language-autonym=\"Espa\u00f1ol\" data-language-local-name=\"Spanish\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Espa\u00f1ol<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sepioteuthis_lessoniana\" title=\"Sepioteuthis lessoniana \u2013 French\" lang=\"fr\" hreflang=\"fr\" data-title=\"Sepioteuthis lessoniana\" data-language-autonym=\"Fran\u00e7ais\" data-language-local-name=\"French\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Fran\u00e7ais<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/he.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%92%D7%95_%D7%90%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%AA%D7%99\" title=\"\u05dc\u05d5\u05dc\u05d9\u05d2\u05d5 \u05d0\u05d9\u05dc\u05ea\u05d9 \u2013 Hebrew\" lang=\"he\" hreflang=\"he\" data-title=\"\u05dc\u05d5\u05dc\u05d9\u05d2\u05d5 \u05d0\u05d9\u05dc\u05ea\u05d9\" data-language-autonym=\"\u05e2\u05d1\u05e8\u05d9\u05ea\" data-language-local-name=\"Hebrew\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>\u05e2\u05d1\u05e8\u05d9\u05ea<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/id.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cumi-cumi_telur\" title=\"Cumi-cumi telur \u2013 Indonesian\" lang=\"id\" hreflang=\"id\" data-title=\"Cumi-cumi telur\" data-language-autonym=\"Bahasa Indonesia\" data-language-local-name=\"Indonesian\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Bahasa Indonesia<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/it.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sepioteuthis_lessoniana\" title=\"Sepioteuthis lessoniana \u2013 Italian\" lang=\"it\" hreflang=\"it\" data-title=\"Sepioteuthis lessoniana\" data-language-autonym=\"Italiano\" data-language-local-name=\"Italian\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Italiano<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ja.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E3%82%A2%E3%82%AA%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A4%E3%82%AB\" title=\"\u30a2\u30aa\u30ea\u30a4\u30ab \u2013 Japanese\" lang=\"ja\" hreflang=\"ja\" data-title=\"\u30a2\u30aa\u30ea\u30a4\u30ab\" data-language-autonym=\"\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\" data-language-local-name=\"Japanese\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/nl.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sepioteuthis_lessoniana\" title=\"Sepioteuthis lessoniana \u2013 Dutch\" lang=\"nl\" hreflang=\"nl\" data-title=\"Sepioteuthis lessoniana\" data-language-autonym=\"Nederlands\" data-language-local-name=\"Dutch\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Nederlands<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sv.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sepioteuthis_lessoniana\" title=\"Sepioteuthis lessoniana \u2013 Swedish\" lang=\"sv\" hreflang=\"sv\" data-title=\"Sepioteuthis lessoniana\" data-language-autonym=\"Svenska\" data-language-local-name=\"Swedish\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Svenska<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/th.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B6%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A1\" title=\"\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e36\u0e01\u0e2b\u0e2d\u0e21 \u2013 Thai\" lang=\"th\" hreflang=\"th\" data-title=\"\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e36\u0e01\u0e2b\u0e2d\u0e21\" data-language-autonym=\"\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22\" data-language-local-name=\"Thai\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vi.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/M%E1%BB%B1c_l%C3%A1\" title=\"M\u1ef1c 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id=\"rdp-we-p-wikibase-otherprojects\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects\"  >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-heading\">\n\t\tIn other projects\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li class=\"wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Sepioteuthis_lessoniana\" hreflang=\"en\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Wikimedia Commons<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-species mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/species.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Sepioteuthis_lessoniana\" hreflang=\"en\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Wikispecies<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-t-wikibase\" class=\"wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item\"><span>Wikidata item<\/span><\/li>\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-column-end no-font-mode-scale\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-sticky-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wp25eastereggs-vector-sitenotice-landmark\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav class=\"vector-page-tools-landmark\" aria-label=\"Page tools\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-page-tools-pinned-container\" class=\"vector-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav class=\"vector-appearance-landmark\" aria-label=\"Appearance\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-appearance-pinned-container\" class=\"vector-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-appearance\" class=\"vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element\">\n\t<div\n\tclass=\"vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned\"\n\tdata-feature-name=\"appearance-pinned\"\n\tdata-pinnable-element-id=\"vector-appearance\"\n\tdata-pinned-container-id=\"vector-appearance-pinned-container\"\n\tdata-unpinned-container-id=\"vector-appearance-unpinned-container\"\n>\n\t<div class=\"vector-pinnable-header-label\">Appearance<\/div>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin\">move to sidebar<\/button>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin\">hide<\/button>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-bodyContent\" class=\"vector-body\" aria-labelledby=\"firstHeading\" data-mw-ve-target-container>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-body-before-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-mw-content-text\" class=\"mw-body-content\"><div class=\"mw-subjectpageheader\">\n<\/div><div class=\"mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\"><div class=\"shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux\" style=\"display:none\">Species of squid<\/div>\n<div role=\"note\" class=\"hatnote navigation-not-searchable\">Not to be confused with <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bigfin_squid\" title=\"Bigfin squid\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Bigfin squid<\/a>.<\/div>\n<p class=\"mw-empty-elt\">\n\n<\/p>\n\n<p><i><b>Sepioteuthis lessoniana<\/b><\/i>, commonly known as the <b>bigfin reef squid<\/b>, <b>tiger squid<\/b>, <b>glitter squid<\/b>, <b>oval squid<\/b>, or <b>northern calamari<\/b>, is a <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Species_complex\" title=\"Species complex\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">species complex<\/a> in the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Loliginidae\" title=\"Loliginidae\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">loliginid<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Squid\" title=\"Squid\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">squid<\/a> family. It is one of the three currently recognized species belonging to the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Genus\" title=\"Genus\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">genus<\/a> <i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sepioteuthis\" title=\"Sepioteuthis\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Sepioteuthis<\/a><\/i>. Studies in 1993, however, have indicated that bigfin reef squids may comprise several <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cryptic_species\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Cryptic species\" target=\"_new\">cryptic species<\/a>, that are very similar and closely related.\n<\/p><p>Bigfin reef squids are characterised by a large oval fin that extends throughout the margins of its <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mantle_(mollusc)\" title=\"Mantle (mollusc)\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">mantle<\/a>, giving them a superficial similarity to <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cuttlefish\" title=\"Cuttlefish\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">cuttlefish<\/a>. They are small to medium-sized squids, averaging 3.8 to 33 centimetres (1.5 to 13.0&#160;in) in length. They exhibit elaborate mating displays and usually <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spawn_(biology)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Spawn (biology)\" target=\"_new\">spawn<\/a> in May, but it can vary by location. The <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Paralarva\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Paralarva\" target=\"_new\">paralarvae<\/a> resemble miniature adults and are remarkable for already having the capability to change body colouration upon hatching. Bigfin reef squids have the fastest recorded growth rates of any large marine invertebrate, reaching 600&#160;g (1.3&#160;lb) in only four months. They are a short-lived species, with a maximum recorded lifespan of 315 days.\n<\/p><p>The diet of bigfin reef squids comprises mainly <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crustacean\" title=\"Crustacean\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">crustaceans<\/a> and small <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fish\" title=\"Fish\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">fish<\/a>. They are found in the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Temperate_region\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Temperate region\" target=\"_new\">temperate<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tropics\" title=\"Tropics\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">tropical<\/a> waters of the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pacific_Ocean\" title=\"Pacific Ocean\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Pacific<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indian_Ocean\" title=\"Indian Ocean\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Indian Oceans<\/a>, and have recently been introduced into the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mediterranean_Sea\" title=\"Mediterranean Sea\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Mediterranean<\/a> as a <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lessepsian_migration\" title=\"Lessepsian migration\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Lessepsian migrant<\/a>. They are commonly found near the shoreline, near rocks, and <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Coral_reef\" title=\"Coral reef\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">coral reefs<\/a>. They are fished extensively for human consumption in Asia. Because of their rapid growth rate, short life span, and tolerance to handling and captivity, bigfin reef squids are regarded as one of the most promising species for <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mariculture\" title=\"Mariculture\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">mariculture<\/a>. They are also a valuable source of <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Squid_giant_axon\" title=\"Squid giant axon\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">giant axons<\/a> for medical research.\n<\/p>\n<meta property=\"mw:PageProp\/toc\" \/>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-Taxonomy_and_nomenclature\">Taxonomy and nomenclature<\/h2><\/div>\n<p>Bigfin reef squids are also known as <b>northern calamary<\/b> in Australia and New Zealand, to distinguish them from the southern reef squid (or southern calamary), <i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sepioteuthis_australis\" title=\"Sepioteuthis australis\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Sepioteuthis australis<\/a><\/i>.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-lianos&#95;6-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-lianos-6\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>6<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-seafood&#95;7-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-seafood-7\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>7<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> Other common names include <b>green-eyed squid<\/b> in <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/English_language\" title=\"English language\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">English<\/a>; <i>koonthal<\/i> in <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Malayalam_language\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Malayalam language\" target=\"_new\">Malayalam<\/a>; <span title=\"Tamil-language text\"><i lang=\"ta\">oosi kanava<\/i><\/span> in <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tamil_language\" title=\"Tamil language\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Tamil<\/a>;<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-biosearch&#95;8-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-biosearch-8\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>8<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> <span title=\"French-language text\"><i lang=\"fr\">calmar tonnelet<\/i><\/span> in <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/French_language\" title=\"French language\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">French<\/a>; <span title=\"Spanish-language text\"><i lang=\"es\">calamar manopla<\/i><\/span> in <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spanish_language\" title=\"Spanish language\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Spanish<\/a>;<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-roper&#95;9-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-roper-9\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>9<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> <span title=\"German-language text\"><i lang=\"de\">Gro\u00dfflossen-Riffkalmar<\/i><\/span> in <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/German_language\" title=\"German language\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">German<\/a>;<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-meerwasser&#95;10-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-meerwasser-10\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>10<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> <span title=\"Hawaiian-language text\"><i lang=\"haw\">mu he`e<\/i><\/span> in <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hawaiian_language\" title=\"Hawaiian language\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Hawaiian<\/a>; <span title=\"Chinese-language text\"><span lang=\"zh\">\u83b1\u6c0f\u62df\u4e4c\u8d3c<\/span><\/span> in <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_language\" title=\"Chinese language\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Chinese<\/a>;<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-commonnameslist&#95;11-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-commonnameslist-11\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>11<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> <span title=\"Standard Malay-language text\"><i lang=\"zsm\">torak<\/i><\/span> in <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Malaysian_language\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Malaysian language\" target=\"_new\">Malaysian<\/a>;<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-handline&#95;12-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-handline-12\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>12<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> <span title=\"Japanese-language text\"><span lang=\"ja\">\u30a2\u30aa\u30ea\u30a4\u30ab<\/span><\/span> (<i>aori-ika<\/i>) in <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Japanese_language\" title=\"Japanese language\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Japanese<\/a>;<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-japan&#95;13-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-japan-13\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>13<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> <span title=\"Burmese-language text\"><i lang=\"my-Latn\">kinn mon<\/i><\/span> in <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Burmese_language\" title=\"Burmese language\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Burmese<\/a>;<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-myanmar&#95;14-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-myanmar-14\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>14<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> and \ubb34\ub2ac\uc624\uc9d5\uc5b4 (<i>munuiojingeo<\/i>), \ud770\uaf34\ub69c\uae30 (<i>huinkkolttugi<\/i>), or \ubbf8\uc988\uc774\uce74 (<i>mizuika<\/i>) in <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Korean_language\" title=\"Korean language\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Korean<\/a>.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-kang&#95;15-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-kang-15\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>15<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-naksinuri&#95;16-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-naksinuri-16\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>16<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p><p><i>Sepioteuthis lessoniana<\/i> is one of the three currently recognised species classified under the genus <i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sepioteuthis\" title=\"Sepioteuthis\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Sepioteuthis<\/a><\/i> of the pencil squid family, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Loliginidae\" title=\"Loliginidae\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Loliginidae<\/a>. It belongs to the suborder <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Myopsina\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Myopsina\" target=\"_new\">Myopsina<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Squid\" title=\"Squid\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">squid<\/a> order <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Teuthida\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Teuthida\" target=\"_new\">Teuthida<\/a>.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-systematics&#95;17-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-systematics-17\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>17<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> <i>Sepioteuthis<\/i> literally means 'cuttlefish squid', from <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Greek_language\" title=\"Greek language\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Greek<\/a>: <span lang=\"el\">\u03c3\u03b7\u03c0\u03af\u03b1<\/span> (<i>s\u0113p\u00eda<\/i>, 'cuttlefish') and <span title=\"Greek-language text\"><span lang=\"el\">\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03af\u03c2<\/span><\/span> (<i>teuthis<\/i>, 'squid').<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-waikiki&#95;18-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-waikiki-18\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>18<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p><p>It was first described by the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/French_people\" title=\"French people\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">French<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Naturalist\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Naturalist\" target=\"_new\">naturalist<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Andr%C3%A9_%C3%89tienne_d%27Audebert_de_F%C3%A9russac\" title=\"Andr\u00e9 \u00c9tienne d&#39;Audebert de F\u00e9russac\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Andr\u00e9 \u00c9tienne d'Audebert de F\u00e9russac<\/a> and named after <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ren%C3%A9_Primev%C3%A8re_Lesson\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Ren\u00e9 Primev\u00e8re Lesson\" target=\"_new\">Ren\u00e9 Primev\u00e8re Lesson<\/a>. The <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Type_specimen\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Type specimen\" target=\"_new\">type specimen<\/a> was collected by Lesson off the coast of <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/New_Guinea\" title=\"New Guinea\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">New Guinea<\/a> during the circumnavigational voyage of the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/French_people\" title=\"French people\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">French<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Corvette\" title=\"Corvette\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">corvette<\/a> <i>La Coquille<\/i> (1822\u20131825) under the command of <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Louis_Isidore_Duperrey\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Louis Isidore Duperrey\" target=\"_new\">Louis Isidore Duperrey<\/a>.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-coquille&#95;19-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-coquille-19\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>19<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> Numerous other species of <i>Sepioteuthis<\/i> were described from the Pacific and Indian Oceans in the late 19th century and in the early 20th century. In 1939 the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Belgian_people\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Belgian people\" target=\"_new\">Belgian<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Malacologist\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Malacologist\" target=\"_new\">malacologist<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/William_Adam_(malacologist)\" title=\"William Adam (malacologist)\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">William Adam<\/a> examined the specimens of <i>Sepioteuthis<\/i> recovered from the tropical western Pacific. He <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Synonym_(taxonomy)\" title=\"Synonym (taxonomy)\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">synonymised<\/a> the twelve species then considered <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Valid_name_(zoology)\" title=\"Valid name (zoology)\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">valid<\/a> under <i>Sepioteuthis lessoniana<\/i>.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-okutani&#95;20-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-okutani-20\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>20<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p><p>A study in 1993 by Segawa <i>et al.<\/i> revealed that the population of <i>S.&#160;lessoniana<\/i> in <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Okinawa_Prefecture\" title=\"Okinawa Prefecture\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Okinawa<\/a> may actually be composed of three distinct species.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-norman2000&#95;21-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-norman2000-21\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>21<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> This was confirmed in genetic studies by Izuka <i>et al.<\/i> in 1994. Triantafillos and Adams in 2005 also showed that <i>S.&#160;lessoniana<\/i> in <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shark_Bay\" title=\"Shark Bay\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Shark Bay<\/a>, Australia is composed of two species.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-lianos&#95;6-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-lianos-6\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>6<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> These findings indicate that <i>S.&#160;lessoniana<\/i> may actually comprise several very similar and closely related species. It is now believed that <i>S.&#160;lessoniana<\/i> is a <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cryptic_species_complex\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Cryptic species complex\" target=\"_new\">cryptic species complex<\/a>.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-systematics&#95;17-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-systematics-17\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>17<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-okutani&#95;20-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-okutani-20\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>20<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-ikeda&#95;22-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-ikeda-22\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>22<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-Description\">Description<\/h2><\/div>\n<p>Like other members of the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Genus\" title=\"Genus\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">genus<\/a> <i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sepioteuthis\" title=\"Sepioteuthis\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Sepioteuthis<\/a><\/i>, bigfin reef squids are easy to distinguish from other squids in that they possess thick and muscular oval fins that extend around almost the entire <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mantle_(mollusc)\" title=\"Mantle (mollusc)\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">mantle<\/a>.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-mhitu&#95;23-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-mhitu-23\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>23<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> The fins extend about 83 to 97% of the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mantle_length\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Mantle length\" target=\"_new\">mantle length<\/a> and are 67 to 70% of the mantle length in width.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-lefkaditou&#95;24-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-lefkaditou-24\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>24<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-seafdec&#95;25-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-seafdec-25\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>25<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> Because of these fins, bigfin reef squids are sometimes mistaken for <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cuttlefish\" title=\"Cuttlefish\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">cuttlefish<\/a>,<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-26\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-26\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>26<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> a fact reflected by their <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Scientific_names\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Scientific names\" target=\"_new\">scientific names<\/a>. A narrow blue or white line is visible at the point of attachment of the fins to the mantle.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-roper&#95;9-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-roper-9\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>9<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> A fleshy ridge is also present where the fins meet at the back of the squid.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-seafdec&#95;25-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-seafdec-25\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>25<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p><p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mantle_(mollusc)\" title=\"Mantle (mollusc)\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">mantles<\/a> of bigfin reef squids are cylindrical, tapering to a blunt cone at the posterior. The mantle is usually 4 to 33&#160;cm (1.6 to 13.0&#160;in) long in males and 3.8 to 25.6&#160;cm (1.5 to 10.1&#160;in) long in females.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-ikeda&#95;22-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-ikeda-22\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>22<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> Both sexes can reach a maximum mantle length of 38&#160;cm (15&#160;in).<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-slb&#95;2-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-slb-2\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>2<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-roper&#95;9-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-roper-9\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>9<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> Adult males weigh 403.5 to 1,415&#160;g (0.890 to 3.120&#160;lb), while adult females are 165 to 1,046&#160;g (0.364 to 2.306&#160;lb).<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-ikeda&#95;22-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-ikeda-22\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>22<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> Both sexes can attain a maximum documented weight of 1.8&#160;kg (4.0&#160;lb).<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-slb&#95;2-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-slb-2\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>2<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-roper&#95;9-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-roper-9\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>9<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> The forward margin of the mantle on the ventral side is concave.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-seafdec&#95;25-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-seafdec-25\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>25<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p><p>Their <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cephalopod_eye\" title=\"Cephalopod eye\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">eyes<\/a> are large and covered entirely by a transparent secondary <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cornea\" title=\"Cornea\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">cornea<\/a>.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-andaman&#95;27-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-andaman-27\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>27<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> They are greenish at the base.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-india&#95;28-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-india-28\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>28<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> A pair of prominent ridges (olfactory crests) are present on the ventral surface of the head at the rear edge of the eyes.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-lefkaditou&#95;24-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-lefkaditou-24\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>24<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-seafdec&#95;25-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-seafdec-25\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>25<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> The mouth area is supported by seven triangular flaps (buccal lappets), each with 0 to 7 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cephalopod_arm\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Cephalopod arm\" target=\"_new\">suckers<\/a> of less than 0.2&#160;mm in diameter and 18 to 25 teeth. The strong, curved, and short <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cephalopod_beak\" title=\"Cephalopod beak\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">beaks<\/a> (<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rostrum_(anatomy)\" title=\"Rostrum (anatomy)\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">rostra<\/a>) are mostly black to dark brown. The <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Radula\" title=\"Radula\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">radula<\/a> has seven rows of teeth.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-andaman&#95;27-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-andaman-27\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>27<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<figure class=\"mw-default-size mw-halign-left\" typeof=\"mw:File\/Thumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Sepioteuthis_lessoniana_gladius.jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/8\/89\/Sepioteuthis_lessoniana_gladius.jpg\/250px-Sepioteuthis_lessoniana_gladius.jpg\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"72\" class=\"mw-file-element\" \/><\/a><figcaption><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gladius_(cephalopod)\" title=\"Gladius (cephalopod)\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Gladius<\/a> of <i>S. lessoniana<\/i><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spermatophore\" title=\"Spermatophore\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">spermatophores<\/a> of males are about 4.5&#160;mm (0.18&#160;in) long and 0.15&#160;mm wide. The <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ink_sac\" title=\"Ink sac\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">ink sac<\/a> is pear-shaped, with a silvery blue-green outer layer. The vane of the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gladius_(cephalopod)\" title=\"Gladius (cephalopod)\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">gladius<\/a> (the rigid internal remnants of the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mollusc\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Mollusc\" target=\"_new\">mollusc<\/a> shell) is oval-shaped and pointed at both ends (lanceolate). It has a broad midrib (rachis).<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-andaman&#95;27-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-andaman-27\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>27<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-india&#95;28-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-india-28\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>28<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p><p>The eight <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cephalopod_arm\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Cephalopod arm\" target=\"_new\">arms<\/a> are thick, tapering to a narrow point. They are unequal in length, with arm pair I the shortest, followed by arm pair II and arm pair IV, and arm pair III the longest.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-india&#95;28-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-india-28\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>28<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> All of them possess two rows of suckers. Each sucker has a diameter less than 2&#160;mm (0.08&#160;in), decreasing distally, and a ring of 17 to 28 sharp acute teeth. The left arm of pair IV in males is modified into a sexual organ known as the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hectocotylus\" title=\"Hectocotylus\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">hectocotylus<\/a>. They bear long fleshy protrusions (papillae) with toothless suckers at the distal portion.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-seafdec&#95;25-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-seafdec-25\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>25<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> The <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tentacle\" title=\"Tentacle\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">tentacles<\/a> are thick and long, extending the length of the mantle when retracted. They are slightly compressed laterally.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-india&#95;28-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-india-28\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>28<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> A prominent ridge (a keel) is present on the outer surface of each of the tentacle clubs (the wide tip of the tentacles). There are four rows of suckers on the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Manus_(anatomy)\" title=\"Manus (anatomy)\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">manus<\/a> (proximal part of the club) and the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dactylus\" title=\"Dactylus\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">dactylus<\/a> (distal part of the club). The larger suckers in the centre of the manus have 17 to 18 widely spaced teeth.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-seafdec&#95;25-5\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-seafdec-25\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>25<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"rdp-we-Coloration\">Coloration<\/h3><\/div>\n<figure class=\"mw-default-size\" typeof=\"mw:File\/Thumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Squid_komodo.jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/d4\/Squid_komodo.jpg\/250px-Squid_komodo.jpg\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"333\" class=\"mw-file-element\" \/><\/a><figcaption>A bigfin reef squid from the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Komodo_National_Park\" title=\"Komodo National Park\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Komodo National Park<\/a> showing vivid <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iridescence\" title=\"Iridescence\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">iridescence<\/a>. They are often attracted to divers' lights at night.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Large <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chromatophore\" title=\"Chromatophore\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">chromatophores<\/a> densely cover the upper surfaces of the head, mantle and arms. They are distributed more sparsely on the ventral side.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-andaman&#95;27-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-andaman-27\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>27<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-india&#95;28-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-india-28\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>28<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> The fins do not possess chromatophores on the underside.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-lefkaditou&#95;24-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-lefkaditou-24\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>24<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> Living specimens range in colour from translucent creamy white through pale yellow to brownish pink and brownish violet.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-lefkaditou&#95;24-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-lefkaditou-24\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>24<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-andaman&#95;27-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-andaman-27\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>27<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-india&#95;28-5\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-india-28\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>28<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p><p>Like some other cephalopods, bigfin reef squids are capable of <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Metachrosis\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Metachrosis\" target=\"_new\">metachrosis<\/a> \u2013 rapidly changing body colouration and patterns through voluntary control of chromatophores.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-geary&#95;29-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-geary-29\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>29<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> They also possess <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iridophore\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Iridophore\" target=\"_new\">iridophores<\/a> (particularly in the head), a form of <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Structural_coloration\" title=\"Structural coloration\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">structural colouration<\/a> that produces <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iridescent\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Iridescent\" target=\"_new\">iridescent<\/a> metallic greens and red when illuminated.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-prete&#95;30-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-prete-30\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>30<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> They are also possibly one of two squid species with <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chromatophore#Iridophores_and_leucophores\" title=\"Chromatophore\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">leucophores<\/a>. Leucophores are a reflector-type structural colouration that reflects ambient light, such that they are white in white light, green in green light, and so on.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-mathger&#95;31-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-mathger-31\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>31<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> Bigfin reef squids are remarkable for having the ability to produce complex body patterns from the moment they hatch. In comparison, other <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Loliginid\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Loliginid\" target=\"_new\">loliginid<\/a> squid species do not produce complex body patterns at less than four months of age. The patterns produced by bigfin reef squids, however, are less diverse than those of the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Caribbean_reef_squid\" title=\"Caribbean reef squid\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Caribbean reef squids<\/a>.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-lee&#95;32-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-lee-32\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>32<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p><p>Bigfin reef squids do not possess <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Photophore\" title=\"Photophore\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">photophores<\/a>, and are thus not truly <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bioluminescence\" title=\"Bioluminescence\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">bioluminescent<\/a>.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-andaman&#95;27-5\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-andaman-27\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>27<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"rdp-we-Sexual_dimorphism\">Sexual dimorphism<\/h3><\/div>\n<p>It is often difficult to superficially distinguish between male and female bigfin reef squids. Some authors say that females are generally smaller than males,<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-ikeda&#95;22-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-ikeda-22\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>22<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> but this distinction is not observed in other studies.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-geary&#95;29-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-geary-29\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>29<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> Closer examination of sexually mature specimens, however, will usually distinguish males from females by the presence of the hectocotylus on the fourth left arm in males, and the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nidamental_gland\" title=\"Nidamental gland\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">nidamental glands<\/a> and the pale ovaries within the mantle in females.<sup class=\"noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact\" style=\"white-space:nowrap;\">[<i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Citation_needed\" title=\"Wikipedia:Citation needed\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span title=\"This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2022)\">citation needed<\/span><\/a><\/i>]<\/sup> Males also purportedly show a more conspicuous pattern of transverse streaks on their dorsal side.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-india&#95;28-6\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-india-28\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>28<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-Ecology\">Ecology<\/h2><\/div>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"rdp-we-Distribution_and_habitat\">Distribution and habitat<\/h3><\/div>\n<figure class=\"mw-default-size\" typeof=\"mw:File\/Thumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Bigfin_Reef_Squid_2.jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/b\/b2\/Bigfin_Reef_Squid_2.jpg\/250px-Bigfin_Reef_Squid_2.jpg\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"187\" class=\"mw-file-element\" \/><\/a><figcaption>A bigfin reef squid among <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Coral\" title=\"Coral\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">corals<\/a> in the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Red_Sea\" title=\"Red Sea\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Red Sea<\/a> of Egypt<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>The bigfin reef squid is a <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Neritic_zone\" title=\"Neritic zone\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">neritic<\/a> warm water-dwelling squid.<sup class=\"noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact\" style=\"white-space:nowrap;\">[<i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Citation_needed\" title=\"Wikipedia:Citation needed\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span title=\"This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2022)\">citation needed<\/span><\/a><\/i>]<\/sup> They are usually found 0 to 100&#160;m (0 to 328&#160;ft) below the water's surface.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-seafdec&#95;25-6\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-seafdec-25\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>25<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> They tend to remain close to the shoreline, near rocks and <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Reef\" title=\"Reef\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">reefs<\/a>.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-lee&#95;32-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-lee-32\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>32<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-dunning&#95;33-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-dunning-33\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>33<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> They are slightly more active during the night and will move to deeper waters or find cover in daytime. Large numbers of juveniles can often be found hiding beneath floating driftwood.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-handline&#95;12-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-handline-12\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>12<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p><p>The bigfin reef squid is the most widespread species in the genus <i>Sepioteuthis<\/i>. It is found in <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Temperate_region\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Temperate region\" target=\"_new\">temperate<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tropics\" title=\"Tropics\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">tropical<\/a> regions of the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indian_Ocean\" title=\"Indian Ocean\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Indian Ocean<\/a> and the western <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pacific_Ocean\" title=\"Pacific Ocean\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Pacific Ocean<\/a>.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-slb&#95;2-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-slb-2\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>2<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> Their original range extends east to the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hawaiian_Islands\" title=\"Hawaiian Islands\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Hawaiian Islands<\/a>, west to the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Red_Sea\" title=\"Red Sea\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Red Sea<\/a>, north to <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Japan\" title=\"Japan\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Japan<\/a>, and south to <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Australia\" title=\"Australia\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Australia<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/New_Zealand\" title=\"New Zealand\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">New Zealand<\/a> (42\u00b0N to 42\u00b0S and 32\u00b0E to 154\u00b0W).<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-slb&#95;2-5\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-slb-2\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>2<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> The range has also expanded to include parts of the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mediterranean_Sea\" title=\"Mediterranean Sea\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Mediterranean Sea<\/a>. In 2002, bigfin reef squids were first documented in the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gulf_of_%C4%B0skenderun\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Gulf of \u0130skenderun\" target=\"_new\">Gulf of \u0130skenderun<\/a> of the southeastern Mediterranean Sea. They may have already existed in significant populations in the area prior to their discovery in 2002, as they have acquired a common name among the fishermen of the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aegean_Sea\" title=\"Aegean Sea\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Aegean Sea<\/a> \u2013 <span title=\"Greek-language text\"><span lang=\"el\">\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf<\/span><\/span> (<i>soupiocalamaro<\/i>, literally \"<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cuttlefish\" title=\"Cuttlefish\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">cuttlefish<\/a>-like squid\"). It is a <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lessepsian_migration\" title=\"Lessepsian migration\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Lessepsian migrant<\/a>, reaching the Mediterranean Sea through the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Suez_Canal\" title=\"Suez Canal\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Suez Canal<\/a>.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-lefkaditou&#95;24-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-lefkaditou-24\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>24<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"rdp-we-Diet_and_predators\">Diet and predators<\/h3><\/div>\n<p>The bigfin reef squid eats a variety of different <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marine_organism\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Marine organism\" target=\"_new\">marine organisms<\/a>. Its main <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prey\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Prey\" target=\"_new\">prey<\/a> are usually <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prawn\" title=\"Prawn\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">prawns<\/a> and other <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crustacean\" title=\"Crustacean\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">crustaceans<\/a>, and fish.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-silas&#95;34-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-silas-34\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>34<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> Captive specimens were observed to consume one fish every 2 to 25 hours.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-geary&#95;29-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-geary-29\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>29<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p><p>Bigfin reef squids are, in turn, preyed upon by <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tuna\" title=\"Tuna\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">tuna<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marlin\" title=\"Marlin\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">marlin<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Swordfish\" title=\"Swordfish\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">swordfish<\/a>, and other <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Predator_fish\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Predator fish\" target=\"_new\">predator fish<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Groundfish\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Groundfish\" target=\"_new\">groundfish<\/a>.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-calamari&#95;35-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-calamari-35\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>35<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-bildstein&#95;36-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-bildstein-36\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>36<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"rdp-we-Parasites\">Parasites<\/h3><\/div>\n<p>Bigfin reef squids serve as hosts to the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Copepod\" title=\"Copepod\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">copepod<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ectoparasite\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Ectoparasite\" target=\"_new\">ectoparasite<\/a> <i><\/i> and the worm-like <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dicyemida\" title=\"Dicyemida\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">dicyemid<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Endoparasite\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Endoparasite\" target=\"_new\">endoparasites<\/a> <i><\/i> and <i><\/i>.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-worms&#95;37-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-worms-37\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>37<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-Biology_and_behaviour\">Biology and behaviour<\/h2><\/div>\n<figure class=\"mw-default-size\" typeof=\"mw:File\/Thumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Banc_de_seiches.jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/6\/6a\/Banc_de_seiches.jpg\/250px-Banc_de_seiches.jpg\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"187\" class=\"mw-file-element\" \/><\/a><figcaption>A <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shoaling_and_schooling\" title=\"Shoaling and schooling\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">school<\/a> of bigfin reef squids from the island of <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/R%C3%A9union\" title=\"R\u00e9union\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">R\u00e9union<\/a>, off the eastern coast of <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Madagascar\" title=\"Madagascar\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Madagascar<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure class=\"mw-default-size\" typeof=\"mw:File\/Thumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Sepioteuthis_lessoniana_2.jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/e\/ed\/Sepioteuthis_lessoniana_2.jpg\/250px-Sepioteuthis_lessoniana_2.jpg\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"250\" class=\"mw-file-element\" \/><\/a><figcaption><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shoaling_and_schooling\" title=\"Shoaling and schooling\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Schooling<\/a> bigfin reef squids from the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Suma_Aqualife_Park\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Suma Aqualife Park\" target=\"_new\">Suma Aqualife Park<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kobe,_Hy%C5%8Dgo\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Kobe, Hy\u014dgo\" target=\"_new\">Kobe<\/a>, Japan<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Bigfin reef squids are closely related to the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Caribbean_reef_squid\" title=\"Caribbean reef squid\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Caribbean reef squid<\/a> (<i>Sepioteuthis sepioidea<\/i>), a species noted for its complex social interactions. Like Caribbean reef squids, bigfin reef squids also exhibit elaborate <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Courtship_display\" title=\"Courtship display\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">mating displays<\/a>.<sup class=\"noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact\" style=\"white-space:nowrap;\">[<i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Citation_needed\" title=\"Wikipedia:Citation needed\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span title=\"This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2021)\">citation needed<\/span><\/a><\/i>]<\/sup>\n<\/p><p>Bigfin reef squids also exhibit both <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shoaling_and_schooling\" title=\"Shoaling and schooling\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">schooling and shoaling<\/a> behaviours. Very young bigfin reef squids will also stay close together (shoaling), but do not swim together parallel to each other (schooling). Unlike most other squid species, bigfin reef squids are rarely <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannibalism_(zoology)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Cannibalism (zoology)\" target=\"_new\">cannibalistic<\/a>. Shoals can include animals of different sizes without the threat of larger members attacking and consuming the smaller members. Whether bigfin reef squids recognise each other individually still remains unknown.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-geary&#95;29-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-geary-29\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>29<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"rdp-we-Phototaxis\">Phototaxis<\/h3><\/div>\n<p>Bigfin reef squids exhibit strong positive <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Phototaxis\" title=\"Phototaxis\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">phototactic<\/a> behaviour (attraction to light) and will move readily within a certain distance of a light source. Studies have proposed that this might be an involuntary <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Stimulus_(psychology)\" title=\"Stimulus (psychology)\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">stimulus<\/a> behaviour, as the squids immediately stop all other movements once a light source is switched on. The colour of the light does not matter, but it has been shown that they react more strongly to underwater lights between the intensities of 1.5 to 2.5&#160;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lux\" title=\"Lux\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">lx<\/a>, with peak ranges of 2.5 to 10.0&#160;lx.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-ibrahim&#95;38-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-ibrahim-38\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>38<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"rdp-we-Hearing\">Hearing<\/h3><\/div>\n<p>Bigfin reef squids and the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Common_octopus\" title=\"Common octopus\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">common octopus<\/a> (<i>Octopus vulgaris<\/i>) were studied to resolve a century-long debate over whether cephalopods can hear. Unlike fishes, cephalopods do not possess air-filled <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Swim_bladder\" title=\"Swim bladder\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">swim bladders<\/a>, which might amplify sound waves travelling in water.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-bbc&#95;39-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-bbc-39\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>39<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> The results were published in 2009. It showed that bigfin reef squids and octopuses utilise their <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Statocyst\" title=\"Statocyst\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">statocysts<\/a> for detecting vibrations, an organ primarily used for maintaining spatial orientation. The common octopus can hear sounds between 400&#160;Hz and 1000&#160;Hz. Bigfin reef squids have a slightly better hearing range of 400&#160;Hz to 1500&#160;Hz. Both hear best at a frequency of 600&#160;Hz. Relatively, their hearing is comparable to prawns and some other invertebrates but is less sensitive than that of most fishes.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-hu&#95;40-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-hu-40\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>40<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p><p>The difference in the hearing ranges for octopus and bigfin reef squids may be explained by the difference in their habitats. The octopus is <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Demersal\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Demersal\" target=\"_new\">demersal<\/a> (bottom-dwelling) with excellent <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Camouflage\" title=\"Camouflage\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">camouflage<\/a> capabilities. Bigfin reef squids, on the other hand, are usually in open water with limited hiding places. Hearing would thus be more important for the squids to escape predators. The ability to hear is particularly relevant for avoiding mammalian predators of the suborder <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Odontoceti\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Odontoceti\" target=\"_new\">Odontoceti<\/a> (particularly <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dolphin\" title=\"Dolphin\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">dolphins<\/a>), who use <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Animal_echolocation\" title=\"Animal echolocation\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">echolocation<\/a> to find prey.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-bbc&#95;39-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-bbc-39\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>39<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-hu&#95;40-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-hu-40\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>40<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"rdp-we-Mating_behaviour\">Mating behaviour<\/h3><\/div>\n<figure class=\"mw-default-size mw-halign-left\" typeof=\"mw:File\/Thumb\"><span><video id=\"rdp-we-mwe_player_0\" poster=\"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/7\/77\/Sepioteuthis_lessoniana_2010.ogv\/250px--Sepioteuthis_lessoniana_2010.ogv.jpg\" controls=\"\" preload=\"none\" data-mw-tmh=\"\" class=\"mw-file-element\" width=\"250\" height=\"167\" data-durationhint=\"11\" data-mwtitle=\"Sepioteuthis_lessoniana_2010.ogv\" data-mwprovider=\"wikimediacommons\" resource=\"\/wiki\/File:Sepioteuthis_lessoniana_2010.ogv\"><source src=\"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/7\/77\/Sepioteuthis_lessoniana_2010.ogv\/Sepioteuthis_lessoniana_2010.ogv.480p.vp9.webm\" type=\"video\/webm; codecs=&quot;vp9, opus&quot;\" data-transcodekey=\"480p.vp9.webm\" data-width=\"720\" data-height=\"480\" \/><source src=\"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/7\/77\/Sepioteuthis_lessoniana_2010.ogv\" type=\"video\/ogg; codecs=&quot;theora&quot;\" data-width=\"1080\" data-height=\"720\" \/><source src=\"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/7\/77\/Sepioteuthis_lessoniana_2010.ogv\/Sepioteuthis_lessoniana_2010.ogv.144p.mjpeg.mov\" type=\"video\/quicktime\" data-transcodekey=\"144p.mjpeg.mov\" data-width=\"216\" data-height=\"144\" \/><source src=\"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/7\/77\/Sepioteuthis_lessoniana_2010.ogv\/Sepioteuthis_lessoniana_2010.ogv.240p.vp9.webm\" type=\"video\/webm; codecs=&quot;vp9, opus&quot;\" data-transcodekey=\"240p.vp9.webm\" data-width=\"360\" data-height=\"240\" \/><\/video><\/span><figcaption>Video of swimming bigfin reef squids<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Bigfin reef squids exhibit two most common social body patterning and posturing behaviours related to mating.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-geary&#95;29-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-geary-29\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>29<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p><p>The first is dubbed \"accentuated gonads\", in which they will sometimes increase the visibility of their <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gonad\" title=\"Gonad\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">gonads<\/a> while reducing the rest of their body colouration. This makes their reproductive organs appear bright white through the transparent mantle. It may indicate the reproductive condition of the signalling squid.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-geary&#95;29-5\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-geary-29\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>29<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p><p>Another common behaviour, primarily seen in males, is dubbed \"spread arms\", in which the squid will slightly tilt its body forward, head down and arms spread widely and raised above. The mantle is darkened. This behaviour is exhibited mostly when the squids are chasing or following another individual. It is thought to be a signal of reproductive arousal or aggression, similar to the \"zebra display\" behaviour of <i>Sepioteuthis sepioidea<\/i>, the \"intense zebra display\" behaviour of <i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sepia_officinalis\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Sepia officinalis\" target=\"_new\">Sepia officinalis<\/a><\/i>, and the \"lateral display\" of <i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Loligo_plei\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Loligo plei\" target=\"_new\">Loligo plei<\/a><\/i>. Females will also sometimes use this display to rebuff courting males.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-geary&#95;29-6\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-geary-29\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>29<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p><p>There are three known <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mating\" title=\"Mating\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">courtship<\/a> behaviours in bigfin reef squids, dubbed \"male-upturned\" mating, \"male-parallel\" mating, and \"head-to-head\" mating.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-wada&#95;41-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-wada-41\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>41<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> Actual insertion in each position lasts for only a few seconds.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-geary&#95;29-7\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-geary-29\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>29<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-wada&#95;41-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-wada-41\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>41<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p><p>\"Male-upturned\" mating involves rapid back and forth swimming by the courting male beside a slower-swimming female. The male will then flip over so that he is swimming upside down and quickly lunge forward towards the female. He will quickly eject several <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spermatophore\" title=\"Spermatophore\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">spermatophores<\/a> from his funnel into his hectocotylus and attempt to deposit them on the female's mouth funnel, then jet away from the female.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-geary&#95;29-8\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-geary-29\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>29<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> \"Head-to-head\" mating is regarded as a variation of this tactic.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-wada&#95;41-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-wada-41\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>41<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p><p>\"Male-parallel\" mating involves the male and female swimming side by side. The male will then raise one or two of his arm pair I upwards and swing them back and forth. He moves below the female and clasps the female's neck with his arms. In contrast to the previous behaviours, in this position the male actually inserts his hectocotylus into the mantle cavity of the female, attaching the spermatophores right at the opening of the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Oviduct\" title=\"Oviduct\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">oviduct<\/a> rather than at the mouth. Possibly for this reason, it is usually more successful in fertilizing the female than other mating behaviours.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-wada&#95;41-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-wada-41\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>41<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p><p>In addition to the above, males will often engage in \"sneaking\" behaviour. In this scenario, a smaller male will attach spermatophores to the female's mouth area while she is being courted by a larger male using the \"male-upturned\" behaviour. Even when successful, the male using this strategy is usually chased away by the larger male afterwards.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-wada&#95;41-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-wada-41\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>41<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p><p>The spermatophores usually remain embedded near the mouth of the female. Mating usually occurs well before spawning, but may also happen on the spawning grounds themselves. In those cases, the male will stay near the female's side as she lays eggs.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-geary&#95;29-9\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-geary-29\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>29<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p><p>Males have been observed to exhibit mating behaviours with other males. Some males have been found with numerous spermatophores embedded in their mouth funnels.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-ikeda&#95;22-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-ikeda-22\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>22<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-geary&#95;29-10\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-geary-29\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>29<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> Since bigfin reef squids distinguish sex by visual cues, this may be a form of deception. The smaller males (termed \"female mimics\" or \"sneaker males\") might have assumed body patterning typical of females in order to trick larger males. Believing they are females, they will then waste their spermatophores on them.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-boal2&#95;42-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-boal2-42\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>42<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> This behaviour has also been observed in other cephalopods.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-ikeda&#95;22-5\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-ikeda-22\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>22<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"rdp-we-Reproduction_and_life_cycle\">Reproduction and life cycle<\/h3><\/div>\n<figure class=\"mw-default-size mw-halign-left\" typeof=\"mw:File\/Thumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Sepioteuthis_lessoniana_eggs.jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/6\/61\/Sepioteuthis_lessoniana_eggs.jpg\/250px-Sepioteuthis_lessoniana_eggs.jpg\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"250\" class=\"mw-file-element\" \/><\/a><figcaption>Egg strands of bigfin reef squids<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>The main <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spawn_(biology)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Spawn (biology)\" target=\"_new\">spawning<\/a> season for bigfin reef squids usually begins in May, but they lay eggs all year round and spawning seasons can vary by location.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-silas&#95;34-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-silas-34\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>34<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-chung&#95;43-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-chung-43\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>43<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-mcmanus&#95;44-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-mcmanus-44\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>44<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> A single female can spawn more than once in her lifetime.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-ikeda&#95;22-6\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-ikeda-22\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>22<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> Females can release 20 to 1180 eggs per individual and will die soon afterwards.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-ikeda&#95;22-7\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-ikeda-22\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>22<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p><p>The females spawn by passing <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Egg_(biology)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Egg (biology)\" target=\"_new\">eggs<\/a> from their <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Oviduct\" title=\"Oviduct\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">oviducts<\/a>. These eggs are then coated in gelatinous substances from the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nidamental_gland\" title=\"Nidamental gland\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">nidamental glands<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Oviducal_gland\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Oviducal gland\" target=\"_new\">oviducal glands<\/a>, forming an egg 'capsule'. The egg capsules of the bigfin reef squids contain two to nine eggs each.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-lamprell&#95;45-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-lamprell-45\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>45<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> These are laid in single straight strands on rocks, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Coral\" title=\"Coral\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">corals<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aquatic_plant\" title=\"Aquatic plant\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">aquatic plants<\/a>, submerged branches and other surfaces.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-mhitu&#95;23-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-mhitu-23\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>23<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-runck&#95;46-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-runck-46\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>46<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> At this point, the eggs are 3&#160;mm (0.12&#160;in) in diameter and the egg capsules about 58.2&#160;mm (2.29&#160;in) in length and 12.6&#160;mm (0.50&#160;in) in width, on average.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-samuel&#95;47-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-samuel-47\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>47<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<figure class=\"mw-default-size\" typeof=\"mw:File\/Thumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Sepioteuthis_lessoniana_(Bigfin_reef_squid).jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/6\/6e\/Sepioteuthis_lessoniana_%28Bigfin_reef_squid%29.jpg\/250px-Sepioteuthis_lessoniana_%28Bigfin_reef_squid%29.jpg\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"188\" class=\"mw-file-element\" \/><\/a><figcaption>A small (possibly subadult) bigfin reef squid from <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/East_Timor\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"East Timor\" target=\"_new\">East Timor<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>The capsules incubate for about 3 weeks, depending on temperature. In warmer <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indonesia\" title=\"Indonesia\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Indonesia<\/a>, the incubation period was recorded to be only 15 to 16 days, while in <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Thailand\" title=\"Thailand\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Thailand<\/a> it takes around 20 to 22 days. They gradually enlarge by absorbing water, reaching around 82.4&#160;mm (3.24&#160;in) in length and 14.6&#160;mm (0.57&#160;in) in width. Unfertilised eggs remain milky white and do not develop further. Fertilised eggs undergo <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cell_division\" title=\"Cell division\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">cell division<\/a> reaching a diameter of 16&#160;mm (0.63&#160;in) with the developing <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Embryo\" title=\"Embryo\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">embryo<\/a> at 11&#160;mm (0.43&#160;in) on the day before hatching. Upon hatching, the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Paralarva\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Paralarva\" target=\"_new\">paralarvae<\/a> are 6&#160;mm (0.24&#160;in) in mantle length (excluding tentacles), with fully functioning fins and ink sacs.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-samuel&#95;47-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-samuel-47\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>47<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> They resemble miniature adults and are already strong swimmers.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-silas&#95;34-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-silas-34\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>34<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> They exhibit schooling behaviour two weeks after hatching.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-lee&#95;32-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-lee-32\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>32<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p><p>Hatchlings are often cannibalistic. This is regarded as the main cause of death in young squids, particularly in dense populations.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-ikeda&#95;22-8\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-ikeda-22\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>22<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> However, cannibalism usually happens only when eaten individuals were already weakened significantly or dead, so the actual cause of death may have been something else.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-lee&#95;32-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-lee-32\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>32<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> Subadults are usually recognisable by their size, ranging from 20 to 60&#160;mm (0.79 to 2.36&#160;in) in length.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-silas&#95;34-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-silas-34\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>34<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> They reach <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sexual_maturity\" title=\"Sexual maturity\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">sexual maturity<\/a> at less than 210 days in the wild. Males reach sexual maturity earlier than females. In captive populations, males mature 140 days after hatching at most. Females will begin spawning at around 156 to 196 days after hatching. Both males and females mature earlier in captivity than in the wild. Water temperature may play an important role in the earlier sexual maturation of captive specimens. High temperatures may induce shorter lifespans and smaller body sizes, while cooler temperatures favour longer lifespans and larger individuals.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-ikeda&#95;22-9\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-ikeda-22\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>22<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-jackson&#95;48-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-jackson-48\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>48<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p><p>Bigfin reef squids have one of the fastest recorded growth rates for any large marine <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Invertebrate\" title=\"Invertebrate\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">invertebrate<\/a>. They can reach 600&#160;g (1.3&#160;lb) in only four months.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-nasemore&#95;49-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-nasemore-49\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>49<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> Nonetheless, size can not often be reliably correlated with age, as variations of body size within a generation is fairly common.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-ikeda&#95;22-10\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-ikeda-22\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>22<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> In captivity, bigfin reef squids have a lifespan of 161 to 315 days for both sexes.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-ikeda&#95;22-11\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-ikeda-22\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>22<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-geary&#95;29-11\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-geary-29\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>29<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-Economic_importance\">Economic importance<\/h2><\/div>\n<figure class=\"mw-default-size\" typeof=\"mw:File\/Thumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Aori_Ika_(Bigfin_Reef_Squid)_Nigiri.jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/c\/c6\/Aori_Ika_%28Bigfin_Reef_Squid%29_Nigiri.jpg\/250px-Aori_Ika_%28Bigfin_Reef_Squid%29_Nigiri.jpg\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"188\" class=\"mw-file-element\" \/><\/a><figcaption>As <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sushi\" title=\"Sushi\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">sushi<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure class=\"mw-default-size\" typeof=\"mw:File\/Thumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Aori_Ika_(Bigfin_Reef_Squid)_Tempura.jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/4\/4d\/Aori_Ika_%28Bigfin_Reef_Squid%29_Tempura.jpg\/250px-Aori_Ika_%28Bigfin_Reef_Squid%29_Tempura.jpg\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"187\" class=\"mw-file-element\" \/><\/a><figcaption>As <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tempura\" title=\"Tempura\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">tempura<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure class=\"mw-default-size\" typeof=\"mw:File\/Thumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Stir-fried_bigfin_reef_squid.jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/b\/b0\/Stir-fried_bigfin_reef_squid.jpg\/250px-Stir-fried_bigfin_reef_squid.jpg\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"166\" class=\"mw-file-element\" \/><\/a><figcaption>Stir-fried bigfin reef squid<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"rdp-we-Commercial_fishing_and_human_consumption\">Commercial fishing and human consumption<\/h3><\/div>\n<p>Bigfin reef squids are one of the most commercially important squid species,<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-samuel2&#95;50-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-samuel2-50\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>50<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> and are widely consumed as human food. They are usually caught in large numbers by <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Trawling\" title=\"Trawling\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">trawling<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Seine_fishing\" title=\"Seine fishing\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">seine fishing<\/a>, or <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fish_net\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Fish net\" target=\"_new\">fixed net<\/a> traps.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-seafdec&#95;25-7\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-seafdec-25\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>25<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> In small-scale fishing, they are caught by <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jigging\" title=\"Jigging\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">jigging<\/a>, drive-in nets, slingshot-driven <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Speargun\" title=\"Speargun\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">spearguns<\/a>, or with <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fishing_pot\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Fishing pot\" target=\"_new\">squid pots<\/a>.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-dickson&#95;51-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-dickson-51\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>51<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<figure class=\"mw-default-size\" typeof=\"mw:File\/Thumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Bigfin_reef_squid_(Sepioteuthis_lessoniana)_caught_off_Pekan,_Pahang,_Malaysia.jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/2\/27\/Bigfin_reef_squid_%28Sepioteuthis_lessoniana%29_caught_off_Pekan%2C_Pahang%2C_Malaysia.jpg\/250px-Bigfin_reef_squid_%28Sepioteuthis_lessoniana%29_caught_off_Pekan%2C_Pahang%2C_Malaysia.jpg\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"333\" class=\"mw-file-element\" \/><\/a><figcaption>Bigfin reef squid caught off <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pekan_District\" title=\"Pekan District\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Pekan<\/a>, Malaysia by <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jigging\" title=\"Jigging\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">jigging<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Fishing operations for bigfin reef squids (particularly in jigging) are usually done at night and utilise bright lights, taking advantage of their attraction to illumination.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-ibrahim&#95;38-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-ibrahim-38\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>38<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-jig&#95;52-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-jig-52\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>52<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-ranong&#95;53-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-ranong-53\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>53<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> They are especially abundant during the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Full_moon\" title=\"Full moon\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">full moon<\/a> and in <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fog\" title=\"Fog\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">foggy<\/a> weather. Populations of bigfin reef squids are not seasonal, and they can be fished throughout the year.<sup class=\"noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact\" style=\"white-space:nowrap;\">[<i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Citation_needed\" title=\"Wikipedia:Citation needed\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span title=\"removed citation to predatory publisher content (December 2019)\">citation needed<\/span><\/a><\/i>]<\/sup> They are also used as <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fish_bait\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Fish bait\" target=\"_new\">fish bait<\/a> in <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hook_and_line_fishing\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Hook and line fishing\" target=\"_new\">hook and line fishing<\/a>.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-mhitu&#95;23-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-mhitu-23\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>23<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p><p>Because of their rapid growth rate, short life span, and tolerance to handling and captivity, bigfin reef squids are regarded as one of the most promising species for <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mariculture\" title=\"Mariculture\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">mariculture<\/a>. Although there have been several studies about this, there have been no reported commercial-scale cultures, as of 2011.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-chung&#95;43-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-chung-43\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>43<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-nasemore&#95;49-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-nasemore-49\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>49<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"rdp-we-Biomedical_research\">Biomedical research<\/h3><\/div>\n<p>The bigfin reef squid is the first squid species to have been <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aquaculture\" title=\"Aquaculture\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">cultured<\/a> for more than one generation. It is remarkable for its ability to readily adapt to being confined in tanks,<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-lee&#95;32-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-lee-32\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>32<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-smith&#95;54-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-smith-54\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>54<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> and is one of the few squid species of which the entire life span has been observed under laboratory conditions.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-jackson2&#95;55-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-jackson2-55\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>55<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p><p>Bigfin reef squids are also valuable sources for <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Squid_giant_axon\" title=\"Squid giant axon\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">squid giant axons<\/a> used in research in <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Neuroscience\" title=\"Neuroscience\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">neuroscience<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Physiology\" title=\"Physiology\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">physiology<\/a>. Unlike <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Axon\" title=\"Axon\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">axons<\/a> of other animals, squid axons are very large. Those of bigfin reef squids can range in diameter from 350 to 560&#160;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%CE%9Cm\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"\u039cm\" target=\"_new\">\u03bcm<\/a> (in contrast to the typical 1&#160;\u03bcm for humans).<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-lee&#95;32-5\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-lee-32\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>32<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-inoue&#95;56-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-inoue-56\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>56<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> In life, these giant axons are used by the squids to coordinate escape jetting behaviour, enabling the squid to contract its muscles in a split second directly from the brain.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-nixon&#95;57-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-nixon-57\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>57<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"rdp-we-Global_warming\">Global warming<\/h3><\/div>\n<p>Bigfin reef squids adapt to warmer temperatures by laying more eggs, making them a good <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ecological_indicator\" title=\"Ecological indicator\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">indicator<\/a> species for <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Climate_change\" title=\"Climate change\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">climate change<\/a>.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-jackson&#95;48-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-jackson-48\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>48<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-radio&#95;58-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-radio-58\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>58<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> In conjunction with their rapid growth rates and short lifespans, bigfin reef squid populations may rise dramatically in response to <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Global_warming\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Global warming\" target=\"_new\">global warming<\/a>. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Overfishing\" title=\"Overfishing\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Overfishing<\/a> may also play an important role. In the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gulf_of_Thailand\" title=\"Gulf of Thailand\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Gulf of Thailand<\/a>, the fishing industry has been forced to adapt to the large numbers of bigfin reef squids now present in the area, believed to be the result of overfishing of the squid's natural predators. The Australian scientist George Jackson describes them as \"the weeds of the sea.\"<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-calamari&#95;35-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-calamari-35\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>35<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p><p>Warmer waters may also accelerate the squid's expansion into areas in which it was not previously native. Its recent discovery as a <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lessepsian_migrant\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Lessepsian migrant\" target=\"_new\">Lessepsian migrant<\/a> in the Mediterranean Sea may be an example.<sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-bildstein&#95;36-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-bildstein-36\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>36<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;ref-zenetos&#95;59-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-zenetos-59\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>59<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-See_also\">See also<\/h2><\/div>\n\n<link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1314755338\" \/><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1311551236\" \/>\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Caribbean_reef_squid\" title=\"Caribbean reef squid\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Caribbean reef squid<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aquaculture\" title=\"Aquaculture\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Aquaculture<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Underwater_camouflage_and_mimicry\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Underwater camouflage and mimicry\" target=\"_new\">Underwater camouflage and mimicry<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Animal_colouration\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Animal colouration\" target=\"_new\">Animal colouration<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-References\">References<\/h2><\/div>\n<div class=\"mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns\" style=\"column-width: calc( 0.9 * 30em );\"><ol class=\"references\">\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-IUCN-1\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-IUCN_1-0\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFAllcock,&#95;A.L.Zheng,&#95;X.Nabhitabhata,&#95;J.Headlam,&#95;J.2019\" class=\"citation journal cs1\">Allcock, A.L.; Zheng, X.; Nabhitabhata, J.; Headlam, J. (2019). <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iucnredlist.org\/species\/163376\/1003553\" target=\"_new\">\"<i>Sepioteuthis lessoniana<\/i>\"<\/a>. <i><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/IUCN_Red_List\" title=\"IUCN Red List\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">IUCN Red List of Threatened Species<\/a><\/i>. <b>2019<\/b> e.T163376A1003553. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Doi (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">doi<\/a>:<span class=\"id-lock-free\" title=\"Freely accessible\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2305%2FIUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T163376A1003553.en\" target=\"_new\">10.2305\/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T163376A1003553.en<\/a><\/span><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">19 February<\/span> 2022<\/span>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=IUCN+Red+List+of+Threatened+Species&amp;rft.atitle=Sepioteuthis+lessoniana&amp;rft.volume=2019&amp;rft.artnum=e.T163376A1003553&amp;rft.date=2019&amp;rft&#95;id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2305%2FIUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T163376A1003553.en&amp;rft.au=Allcock%2C+A.L.&amp;rft.au=Zheng%2C+X.&amp;rft.au=Nabhitabhata%2C+J.&amp;rft.au=Headlam%2C+J.&amp;rft&#95;id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iucnredlist.org%2Fspecies%2F163376%2F1003553&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABigfin+reef+squid\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-slb-2\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-slb_2-0\"><sup><i><b>a<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-slb_2-1\"><sup><i><b>b<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-slb_2-2\"><sup><i><b>c<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-slb_2-3\"><sup><i><b>d<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-slb_2-4\"><sup><i><b>e<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-slb_2-5\"><sup><i><b>f<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sealifebase.org\/summary\/speciessummary.php?id=57302\" target=\"_new\">\"<i>Sepioteuthis lessoniana<\/i> F\u00e9russac, 1831\"<\/a>. SeaLifeBase presented through SpeciesBase<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">August 11,<\/span> 2011<\/span>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Sepioteuthis+lessoniana+F%C3%A9russac%2C+1831&amp;rft.pub=SeaLifeBase+presented+through+SpeciesBase&amp;rft&#95;id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sealifebase.org%2Fsummary%2Fspeciessummary.php%3Fid%3D57302&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABigfin+reef+squid\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-gbif-3\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-gbif_3-0\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/data.gbif.org\/species\/13754077\/\" target=\"_new\">\"<i>Sepioteuthis lessoniana<\/i> F\u00e9russac, 1831 in Lesson, 1830-1831\"<\/a>. Global Biodiversity Information Facility<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">August 13,<\/span> 2011<\/span>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Sepioteuthis+lessoniana+F%C3%A9russac%2C+1831+in+Lesson%2C+1830-1831&amp;rft.pub=Global+Biodiversity+Information+Facility&amp;rft&#95;id=http%3A%2F%2Fdata.gbif.org%2Fspecies%2F13754077%2F&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABigfin+reef+squid\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-obis-4\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-obis_4-0\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/iobis.org\/mapper\/?taxon=Sepioteuthis%20lessoniana\" target=\"_new\">\"<i>Sepioteuthis lessoniana<\/i>\"<\/a>. 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Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">August 13,<\/span> 2011<\/span>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Sepioteuthis+lessoniana%2C+Bigfin+Reef+squid&amp;rft.pub=The+Cephalopod+Page%2C+Waikiki+Aquarium%2C+University+of+Hawaii&amp;rft.au=James+B.+Wood&amp;rft&#95;id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thecephalopodpage.org%2FSlessoniana.php&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABigfin+reef+squid\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-coquille-19\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-coquille_19-0\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFLouis&#95;Isidore&#95;Duperrey1830\" class=\"citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Louis_Isidore_Duperrey\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Louis Isidore Duperrey\" target=\"_new\">Louis Isidore Duperrey<\/a> (1830). <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=o8NIAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA468\" target=\"_new\"><i>Voyage Autour du Monde, Ex\u00e9cut\u00e9 par Ordre du Roi sur la Corvette de La Majest\u00e9, La Coquille, pendant les ann\u00e9es 1822, 1823, 1824 et 1825, par M. 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Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">2011-08-12<\/span><\/span>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Conference+on+Advances+on+Marine+Sciences+in+Tanzania&amp;rft.atitle=Growth+and+reproduction+of+the+big+fin+squid%2C+Sepioteuthis+lessoniana%2C+in+the+coastal+waters+of+Zanzibar&amp;rft.pages=289-300&amp;rft.date=1999&amp;rft.au=H.A.+Mhitu&amp;rft.au=Y.D.+Mgaya&amp;rft.au=M.A.K.+Ngoile&amp;rft&#95;id=http%3A%2F%2Fgridnairobi.unep.org%2Fchm%2FEAFDocuments%2FTanzania%2FGrowth&#95;and&#95;reproduction&#95;of&#95;big&#95;fin&#95;squid.pdf&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABigfin+reef+squid\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-lefkaditou-24\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-lefkaditou_24-0\"><sup><i><b>a<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-lefkaditou_24-1\"><sup><i><b>b<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-lefkaditou_24-2\"><sup><i><b>c<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-lefkaditou_24-3\"><sup><i><b>d<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-lefkaditou_24-4\"><sup><i><b>e<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFE.&#95;LefkaditouM.&#95;Corsini-FokaG.&#95;Kondilatos2009\" class=\"citation journal cs1\">E. 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Kondilatos (2009). <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12681%2Fmms.110\" target=\"_new\">\"Description of the first Lessepsian squid migrant, <i>Sepioteuthis lessoniana<\/i> (Cephalopoda: Loliginidae), in the Aegean Sea (Eastern Mediterranean)\"<\/a>. <i>Mediterranean Marine Science<\/i>. <b>10\/2<\/b> (2): <span class=\"nowrap\">87\u2013<\/span>97. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Bibcode (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2009MedMS..10...87L\" target=\"_new\">2009MedMS..10...87L<\/a>. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Doi (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">doi<\/a>:<span class=\"id-lock-free\" title=\"Freely accessible\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12681%2Fmms.110\" target=\"_new\">10.12681\/mms.110<\/a><\/span>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Mediterranean+Marine+Science&amp;rft.atitle=Description+of+the+first+Lessepsian+squid+migrant%2C+Sepioteuthis+lessoniana+%28Cephalopoda%3A+Loliginidae%29%2C+in+the+Aegean+Sea+%28Eastern+Mediterranean%29&amp;rft.volume=10%2F2&amp;rft.issue=2&amp;rft.pages=87-97&amp;rft.date=2009&amp;rft&#95;id=info%3Adoi%2F10.12681%2Fmms.110&amp;rft&#95;id=info%3Abibcode%2F2009MedMS..10...87L&amp;rft.au=E.+Lefkaditou&amp;rft.au=M.+Corsini-Foka&amp;rft.au=G.+Kondilatos&amp;rft&#95;id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.12681%252Fmms.110&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABigfin+reef+squid\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-seafdec-25\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-seafdec_25-0\"><sup><i><b>a<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-seafdec_25-1\"><sup><i><b>b<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-seafdec_25-2\"><sup><i><b>c<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-seafdec_25-3\"><sup><i><b>d<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-seafdec_25-4\"><sup><i><b>e<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-seafdec_25-5\"><sup><i><b>f<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-seafdec_25-6\"><sup><i><b>g<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-seafdec_25-7\"><sup><i><b>h<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFAnuwat&#95;NateewathanaAussanee&#95;MunprasitPenkae&#95;Dithachey1998\" class=\"citation journal cs1\">Anuwat Nateewathana; Aussanee Munprasit &amp; Penkae Dithachey (1998). <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/map.seafdec.org\/downloads\/pdf\/collaborative%20research\/AreaIII_Philippine\/SCS_FRS3_08.pdf\" target=\"_new\">\"Systematics and distribution of oceanic cephalopods in the South China Sea, area III: Western Philippines\"<\/a> <span class=\"cs1-format\">(PDF)<\/span>. <i>Proceedings of the SEAFDEC Seminar on Fishery Resources in the South China Sea, Area III: Western Philippines<\/i>: <span class=\"nowrap\">76\u2013<\/span>100.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+SEAFDEC+Seminar+on+Fishery+Resources+in+the+South+China+Sea%2C+Area+III%3A+Western+Philippines&amp;rft.atitle=Systematics+and+distribution+of+oceanic+cephalopods+in+the+South+China+Sea%2C+area+III%3A+Western+Philippines&amp;rft.pages=76-100&amp;rft.date=1998&amp;rft.au=Anuwat+Nateewathana&amp;rft.au=Aussanee+Munprasit&amp;rft.au=Penkae+Dithachey&amp;rft&#95;id=http%3A%2F%2Fmap.seafdec.org%2Fdownloads%2Fpdf%2Fcollaborative%2520research%2FAreaIII&#95;Philippine%2FSCS&#95;FRS3&#95;08.pdf&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABigfin+reef+squid\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-26\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-26\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><i>www.montereybayaquarium.org<\/i> <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.montereybayaquarium.org\/animals\/animals-a-to-z\/bigfin-reef-squid\" target=\"_new\">https:\/\/www.montereybayaquarium.org\/animals\/animals-a-to-z\/bigfin-reef-squid<\/a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">2025-03-10<\/span><\/span>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.montereybayaquarium.org&amp;rft&#95;id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.montereybayaquarium.org%2Fanimals%2Fanimals-a-to-z%2Fbigfin-reef-squid&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABigfin+reef+squid\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span> <span class=\"cs1-visible-error citation-comment\"><code class=\"cs1-code\">{{<a href=\"\/wiki\/Template:Cite_web\" title=\"Template:Cite web\">cite web<\/a>}}<\/code>: <\/span><span class=\"cs1-visible-error citation-comment\">Missing or empty <code class=\"cs1-code\">&#124;title=<\/code> (<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:CS1_errors#citation_missing_title\" title=\"Help:CS1 errors\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">help<\/a>)<\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-andaman-27\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-andaman_27-0\"><sup><i><b>a<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-andaman_27-1\"><sup><i><b>b<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-andaman_27-2\"><sup><i><b>c<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-andaman_27-3\"><sup><i><b>d<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-andaman_27-4\"><sup><i><b>e<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-andaman_27-5\"><sup><i><b>f<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFAnuwat&#95;Nateewathana1992\" class=\"citation journal cs1\">Anuwat Nateewathana (1992). <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20120316025508\/http:\/\/www.pmbc.go.th\/webpmbc\/ResearchBulletin\/full\/Bulletin_57_full1.pdf\" target=\"_new\">\"Taxonomic studies on loliginid squids (Cephalopoda: Loliginidae) from the Andaman Sea coast of Thailand\"<\/a> <span class=\"cs1-format\">(PDF)<\/span>. <i>Phuket Marine Biological Center Research Bulletin<\/i>. <b>57<\/b>: <span class=\"nowrap\">1\u2013<\/span>40. Archived from <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pmbc.go.th\/webpmbc\/ResearchBulletin\/full\/Bulletin_57_full1.pdf\" target=\"_new\">the original<\/a> <span class=\"cs1-format\">(PDF)<\/span> on 2012-03-16<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">2011-08-14<\/span><\/span>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Phuket+Marine+Biological+Center+Research+Bulletin&amp;rft.atitle=Taxonomic+studies+on+loliginid+squids+%28Cephalopoda%3A+Loliginidae%29+from+the+Andaman+Sea+coast+of+Thailand&amp;rft.volume=57&amp;rft.pages=1-40&amp;rft.date=1992&amp;rft.au=Anuwat+Nateewathana&amp;rft&#95;id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pmbc.go.th%2Fwebpmbc%2FResearchBulletin%2Ffull%2FBulletin&#95;57&#95;full1.pdf&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABigfin+reef+squid\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-india-28\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-india_28-0\"><sup><i><b>a<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-india_28-1\"><sup><i><b>b<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-india_28-2\"><sup><i><b>c<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-india_28-3\"><sup><i><b>d<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-india_28-4\"><sup><i><b>e<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-india_28-5\"><sup><i><b>f<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-india_28-6\"><sup><i><b>g<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFE.G.&#95;SilasR.&#95;SarvesanK.&#95;Satyanarayana&#95;RaoK.&#95;Prabhakaran&#95;Nair1985\" class=\"citation journal cs1\">E.G. Silas; R. Sarvesan; K. Satyanarayana Rao; K. Prabhakaran Nair &amp; M.M. Meiyappan (1985). E.G. Silas (ed.). <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/eprints.cmfri.org.in\/2521\/1\/Article_06.pdf\" target=\"_new\">\"Identity of common species of cephalopods in India\"<\/a> <span class=\"cs1-format\">(PDF)<\/span>. <i>Cephalopod Bionomics, Fisheries and Resources of the Exclusive Economic Zone of India<\/i>. <b>37<\/b>: <span class=\"nowrap\">13\u2013<\/span>195.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Cephalopod+Bionomics%2C+Fisheries+and+Resources+of+the+Exclusive+Economic+Zone+of+India&amp;rft.atitle=Identity+of+common+species+of+cephalopods+in+India&amp;rft.volume=37&amp;rft.pages=13-195&amp;rft.date=1985&amp;rft.au=E.G.+Silas&amp;rft.au=R.+Sarvesan&amp;rft.au=K.+Satyanarayana+Rao&amp;rft.au=K.+Prabhakaran+Nair&amp;rft.au=M.M.+Meiyappan&amp;rft&#95;id=http%3A%2F%2Feprints.cmfri.org.in%2F2521%2F1%2FArticle&#95;06.pdf&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABigfin+reef+squid\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-geary-29\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-geary_29-0\"><sup><i><b>a<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-geary_29-1\"><sup><i><b>b<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-geary_29-2\"><sup><i><b>c<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-geary_29-3\"><sup><i><b>d<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-geary_29-4\"><sup><i><b>e<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-geary_29-5\"><sup><i><b>f<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-geary_29-6\"><sup><i><b>g<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-geary_29-7\"><sup><i><b>h<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-geary_29-8\"><sup><i><b>i<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-geary_29-9\"><sup><i><b>j<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-geary_29-10\"><sup><i><b>k<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-geary_29-11\"><sup><i><b>l<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFJean&#95;Geary&#95;BoalSusan&#95;A.&#95;Gonzalez2010\" class=\"citation journal cs1\">Jean Geary Boal; Susan A. Gonzalez (2010). \"Social Behaviour of Individual Oval Squids (Cephalopoda, Teuthoidea, Loliginidae, <i>Sepioteuthis lessoniana<\/i>) within a Captive School\". <i>Ethology<\/i>. <b>104<\/b> (2): <span class=\"nowrap\">161\u2013<\/span>178. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Doi (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">doi<\/a>:<a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111%2Fj.1439-0310.1998.tb00059.x\" target=\"_new\">10.1111\/j.1439-0310.1998.tb00059.x<\/a>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Ethology&amp;rft.atitle=Social+Behaviour+of+Individual+Oval+Squids+%28Cephalopoda%2C+Teuthoidea%2C+Loliginidae%2C+Sepioteuthis+lessoniana%29+within+a+Captive+School&amp;rft.volume=104&amp;rft.issue=2&amp;rft.pages=161-178&amp;rft.date=2010&amp;rft&#95;id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1439-0310.1998.tb00059.x&amp;rft.au=Jean+Geary+Boal&amp;rft.au=Susan+A.+Gonzalez&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABigfin+reef+squid\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-prete-30\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-prete_30-0\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFFrederick&#95;R.&#95;Prete2004\" class=\"citation book cs1\">Frederick R. Prete (2004). <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=uW9cOblnpEoC&pg=PA270\" target=\"_new\"><i>Complex Worlds from Simpler Nervous Systems<\/i><\/a>. MIT Press. p.&#160;270. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"ISBN (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">ISBN<\/a>&#160;<bdi>978-0-262-66174-4<\/bdi>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Complex+Worlds+from+Simpler+Nervous+Systems&amp;rft.pages=270&amp;rft.pub=MIT+Press&amp;rft.date=2004&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-262-66174-4&amp;rft.au=Frederick+R.+Prete&amp;rft&#95;id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DuW9cOblnpEoC%26pg%3DPA270&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABigfin+reef+squid\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-mathger-31\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-mathger_31-0\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFLydia&#95;M.&#95;M\u00e4thgerEric&#95;J.&#95;DentonN.&#95;Justin&#95;MarshallRoger&#95;T.&#95;Hanlon2008\" class=\"citation journal cs1\">Lydia M. M\u00e4thger; <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eric_J._Denton\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Eric J. Denton\" target=\"_new\">Eric J. Denton<\/a>; N. Justin Marshall &amp; Roger T. Hanlon (2008). <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20110927084747\/http:\/\/www.mbl.edu\/mrc\/hanlon\/pdfs\/Mathger_etal_STR_COLOR_08.pdf\" target=\"_new\">\"Mechanisms and behavioural functions of structural colouration in cephalopods\"<\/a> <span class=\"cs1-format\">(PDF)<\/span>. <i>Journal of the Royal Society Interface<\/i>. <b>6<\/b> (Suppl 2): <span class=\"nowrap\">1\u2013<\/span>15. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Doi (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">doi<\/a>:<a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098%2Frsif.2008.0366.focus\" target=\"_new\">10.1098\/rsif.2008.0366.focus<\/a>. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PMC_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"PMC (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">PMC<\/a>&#160;<span class=\"id-lock-free\" title=\"Freely accessible\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2706477\" target=\"_new\">2706477<\/a><\/span>. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PMID_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"PMID (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">PMID<\/a>&#160;<a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/19091688\" target=\"_new\">19091688<\/a>. Archived from <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mbl.edu\/mrc\/hanlon\/pdfs\/Mathger_etal_STR_COLOR_08.pdf\" target=\"_new\">the original<\/a> <span class=\"cs1-format\">(PDF)<\/span> on 2011-09-27<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">2011-08-13<\/span><\/span>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Royal+Society+Interface&amp;rft.atitle=Mechanisms+and+behavioural+functions+of+structural+colouration+in+cephalopods&amp;rft.volume=6&amp;rft.issue=Suppl+2&amp;rft.pages=1-15&amp;rft.date=2008&amp;rft&#95;id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2706477%23id-name%3DPMC&amp;rft&#95;id=info%3Apmid%2F19091688&amp;rft&#95;id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1098%2Frsif.2008.0366.focus&amp;rft.au=Lydia+M.+M%C3%A4thger&amp;rft.au=Eric+J.+Denton&amp;rft.au=N.+Justin+Marshall&amp;rft.au=Roger+T.+Hanlon&amp;rft&#95;id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mbl.edu%2Fmrc%2Fhanlon%2Fpdfs%2FMathger&#95;etal&#95;STR&#95;COLOR&#95;08.pdf&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABigfin+reef+squid\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-lee-32\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-lee_32-0\"><sup><i><b>a<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-lee_32-1\"><sup><i><b>b<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-lee_32-2\"><sup><i><b>c<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-lee_32-3\"><sup><i><b>d<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-lee_32-4\"><sup><i><b>e<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-lee_32-5\"><sup><i><b>f<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFPhillip&#95;G.&#95;LeePhilip&#95;E.&#95;TurkWon&#95;Tack&#95;YangRoger&#95;T.&#95;Hanlon1994\" class=\"citation journal cs1\">Phillip G. 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Hanlon (1994). <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.biolbull.org\/cgi\/reprint\/186\/3\/328.pdf\" target=\"_new\">\"Biological characteristics and biomedical applications of the squid <i>Sepioteuthis lessoniana<\/i> cultured through multiple generations\"<\/a> <span class=\"cs1-format\">(PDF)<\/span>. <i>The Biological Bulletin<\/i>. <b>186<\/b> (3): <span class=\"nowrap\">328\u2013<\/span>341. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Bibcode (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/1994BiolB.186..328L\" target=\"_new\">1994BiolB.186..328L<\/a>. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/CiteSeerX_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"CiteSeerX (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">CiteSeerX<\/a>&#160;<span class=\"id-lock-free\" title=\"Freely accessible\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/citeseerx.ist.psu.edu\/viewdoc\/summary?doi=10.1.1.595.6281\" target=\"_new\">10.1.1.595.6281<\/a><\/span>. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Doi (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">doi<\/a>:<a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307%2F1542279\" target=\"_new\">10.2307\/1542279<\/a>. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/JSTOR_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"JSTOR (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">JSTOR<\/a>&#160;<a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/1542279\" target=\"_new\">1542279<\/a>. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PMID_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"PMID (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">PMID<\/a>&#160;<a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/8043657\" target=\"_new\">8043657<\/a>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Biological+Bulletin&amp;rft.atitle=Biological+characteristics+and+biomedical+applications+of+the+squid+Sepioteuthis+lessoniana+cultured+through+multiple+generations&amp;rft.volume=186&amp;rft.issue=3&amp;rft.pages=328-341&amp;rft.date=1994&amp;rft&#95;id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1542279%23id-name%3DJSTOR&amp;rft&#95;id=info%3Abibcode%2F1994BiolB.186..328L&amp;rft&#95;id=https%3A%2F%2Fciteseerx.ist.psu.edu%2Fviewdoc%2Fsummary%3Fdoi%3D10.1.1.595.6281%23id-name%3DCiteSeerX&amp;rft&#95;id=info%3Apmid%2F8043657&amp;rft&#95;id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F1542279&amp;rft.au=Phillip+G.+Lee&amp;rft.au=Philip+E.+Turk&amp;rft.au=Won+Tack+Yang&amp;rft.au=Roger+T.+Hanlon&amp;rft&#95;id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biolbull.org%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F186%2F3%2F328.pdf&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABigfin+reef+squid\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-dunning-33\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-dunning_33-0\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFM.C.&#95;DunningM.D.&#95;NormanA.L.&#95;Reid1998\" class=\"citation book cs1\">M.C. Dunning; M.D. Norman &amp; A.L. Reid (1998). <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170812021638\/ftp:\/\/ftp.fao.org\/docrep\/fao\/009\/w7192e\" target=\"_new\">\"Cephalopods\"<\/a>. In Kent E. Carpenter &amp; Volker H. Niem (eds.). <i>The Living Resources of the Western Central Pacific: Volume 2. Cephalopods, Crustaceans, Holothurians and Sharks<\/i>. FAO Species Identification Guides for Fishery Purposes. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), South Pacific Forum Fisheries Agency (FFA), &amp; the Norwegian Agency for International Development (NORAD). p.&#160;688. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"ISSN (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">ISSN<\/a>&#160;<a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/issn\/1020-6868\" target=\"_new\">1020-6868<\/a>. 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Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">2021-10-11<\/span><\/span>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.atitle=Cephalopods&amp;rft.btitle=The+Living+Resources+of+the+Western+Central+Pacific%3A+Volume+2.+Cephalopods%2C+Crustaceans%2C+Holothurians+and+Sharks&amp;rft.place=Rome&amp;rft.series=FAO+Species+Identification+Guides+for+Fishery+Purposes&amp;rft.pages=688&amp;rft.pub=Food+and+Agriculture+Organization+of+the+United+Nations+%28FAO%29%2C+South+Pacific+Forum+Fisheries+Agency+%28FFA%29%2C+%26+the+Norwegian+Agency+for+International+Development+%28NORAD%29&amp;rft.date=1998&amp;rft.issn=1020-6868&amp;rft.au=M.C.+Dunning&amp;rft.au=M.D.+Norman&amp;rft.au=A.L.+Reid&amp;rft&#95;id=ftp%3A%2F%2Fftp.fao.org%2Fdocrep%2Ffao%2F009%2Fw7192e&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABigfin+reef+squid\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><span class=\"cs1-maint citation-comment\"><code class=\"cs1-code\">{{<a href=\"\/wiki\/Template:Cite_book\" title=\"Template:Cite book\">cite book<\/a>}}<\/code>:  CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown\" title=\"Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">link<\/a>)<\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-silas-34\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-silas_34-0\"><sup><i><b>a<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-silas_34-1\"><sup><i><b>b<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-silas_34-2\"><sup><i><b>c<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-silas_34-3\"><sup><i><b>d<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFE.G.&#95;SilasK.&#95;Satyanarayana&#95;RaoR.&#95;SarvesanK.&#95;Prabhakaran&#95;Nair1982\" class=\"citation journal cs1\">E.G. 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Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">2011-08-15<\/span><\/span>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Marine+Fish+Information+Service%3A+Technical+and+Extension+Series&amp;rft.atitle=The+exploited+squid+and+cuttlefish+resources+in+India%3A+a+review&amp;rft.issue=34&amp;rft.pages=1-17&amp;rft.date=1982&amp;rft.au=E.G.+Silas&amp;rft.au=K.+Satyanarayana+Rao&amp;rft.au=R.+Sarvesan&amp;rft.au=K.+Prabhakaran+Nair&amp;rft.au=M.M.+Meiyappan&amp;rft&#95;id=http%3A%2F%2Fnaosite.lb.nagasaki-u.ac.jp%2Fdspace%2Fbitstream%2F10069%2F21978%2F1%2FZooSci22&#95;645.pdf&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABigfin+reef+squid\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-calamari-35\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-calamari_35-0\"><sup><i><b>a<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-calamari_35-1\"><sup><i><b>b<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFCaroline&#95;Williams2009\" class=\"citation cs2\">Caroline Williams (March 4, 2009), <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.newscientist.com\/article\/mg20126981.900-jellyfish-sushi-seafoods-slimy-future.html\" target=\"_new\">\"Jellyfish sushi: Seafood's slimy future\"<\/a>, <i>New Scientist<\/i>, pp.&#160;issue 2698<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=New+Scientist&amp;rft.atitle=Jellyfish+sushi%3A+Seafood%27s+slimy+future&amp;rft.pages=issue+2698&amp;rft.date=2009-03-04&amp;rft.au=Caroline+Williams&amp;rft&#95;id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newscientist.com%2Farticle%2Fmg20126981.900-jellyfish-sushi-seafoods-slimy-future.html&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABigfin+reef+squid\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-bildstein-36\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-bildstein_36-0\"><sup><i><b>a<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-bildstein_36-1\"><sup><i><b>b<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFTaylor&#95;Bildstein2002\" class=\"citation journal cs1\">Taylor Bildstein (2002). <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.seaaroundus.org\/magazines\/2002\/AustralSci_Aug02.pdf\" target=\"_new\">\"Global warming is good (if you like calamari)\"<\/a> <span class=\"cs1-format\">(PDF)<\/span>. <i>Australasian Science Magazine<\/i>. <b>23<\/b> (7): <span class=\"nowrap\">30\u2013<\/span>32.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Australasian+Science+Magazine&amp;rft.atitle=Global+warming+is+good+%28if+you+like+calamari%29&amp;rft.volume=23&amp;rft.issue=7&amp;rft.pages=30-32&amp;rft.date=2002&amp;rft.au=Taylor+Bildstein&amp;rft&#95;id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.seaaroundus.org%2Fmagazines%2F2002%2FAustralSci&#95;Aug02.pdf&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABigfin+reef+squid\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-worms-37\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-worms_37-0\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=220317\" target=\"_new\">\"<i>Sepioteuthis lessoniana<\/i> Lesson, 1830\"<\/a>. 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Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">August 15,<\/span> 2011<\/span>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Sepioteuthis+lessoniana+Lesson%2C+1830&amp;rft.pub=World+Register+of+Marine+Species&amp;rft&#95;id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.marinespecies.org%2Faphia.php%3Fp%3Dtaxdetails%26id%3D220317&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABigfin+reef+squid\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-ibrahim-38\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-ibrahim_38-0\"><sup><i><b>a<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-ibrahim_38-1\"><sup><i><b>b<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFSakri&#95;IbrahimSukree&#95;Hajisamae1999\" class=\"citation journal cs1\">Sakri Ibrahim &amp; Sukree Hajisamae (1999). <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20120330173922\/http:\/\/psasir.upm.edu.my\/3797\/1\/Response_of_Squids_to_Different_Colours_and_Intensities_of_Artificial_Light.pdf\" target=\"_new\">\"Response of squids to different colours and intensities of artificial light\"<\/a> <span class=\"cs1-format\">(PDF)<\/span>. <i>Pertanika Journal of Tropical Agricultural Science<\/i>. <b>22<\/b> (1): <span class=\"nowrap\">19\u2013<\/span>24. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"ISSN (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">ISSN<\/a>&#160;<a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/issn\/1511-3701\" target=\"_new\">1511-3701<\/a>. 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BBC Earth News<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">August 17,<\/span> 2011<\/span>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=The+cephalopods+can+hear+you&amp;rft.date=2009-06-15&amp;rft.au=Matt+Walker&amp;rft&#95;id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2Fearth%2Fhi%2Fearth&#95;news%2Fnewsid&#95;8095000%2F8095977.stm&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABigfin+reef+squid\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-hu-40\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-hu_40-0\"><sup><i><b>a<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-hu_40-1\"><sup><i><b>b<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFMarian&#95;Y.&#95;HuHong&#95;Young&#95;YanWen-Sung&#95;ChungJen-Chieh&#95;Shiao2009\" class=\"citation journal cs1\">Marian Y. Hu; Hong Young Yan; Wen-Sung Chung; Jen-Chieh Shiao &amp; Pung-Pung Hwang (2009). <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw\/bitstream\/246246\/162905\/1\/25.pdf\" target=\"_new\">\"Acoustically evoked potentials in two cephalopods inferred using the auditory brainstem response (ABR) approach\"<\/a> <span class=\"cs1-format\">(PDF)<\/span>. <i>Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A<\/i>. <b>153<\/b> (3): <span class=\"nowrap\">278\u2013<\/span>283. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Doi (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">doi<\/a>:<a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.cbpa.2009.02.040\" target=\"_new\">10.1016\/j.cbpa.2009.02.040<\/a>. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PMID_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"PMID (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">PMID<\/a>&#160;<a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/19275944\" target=\"_new\">19275944<\/a>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Comparative+Biochemistry+and+Physiology+A&amp;rft.atitle=Acoustically+evoked+potentials+in+two+cephalopods+inferred+using+the+auditory+brainstem+response+%28ABR%29+approach&amp;rft.volume=153&amp;rft.issue=3&amp;rft.pages=278-283&amp;rft.date=2009&amp;rft&#95;id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.cbpa.2009.02.040&amp;rft&#95;id=info%3Apmid%2F19275944&amp;rft.au=Marian+Y.+Hu&amp;rft.au=Hong+Young+Yan&amp;rft.au=Wen-Sung+Chung&amp;rft.au=Jen-Chieh+Shiao&amp;rft.au=Pung-Pung+Hwang&amp;rft&#95;id=http%3A%2F%2Fntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw%2Fbitstream%2F246246%2F162905%2F1%2F25.pdf&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABigfin+reef+squid\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-wada-41\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-wada_41-0\"><sup><i><b>a<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-wada_41-1\"><sup><i><b>b<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-wada_41-2\"><sup><i><b>c<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-wada_41-3\"><sup><i><b>d<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-wada_41-4\"><sup><i><b>e<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFToshifumi&#95;WadaTakeshi&#95;TakegakiTohru&#95;MoriYutaka&#95;Natsukari2005\" class=\"citation journal cs1\">Toshifumi Wada; Takeshi Takegaki; Tohru Mori &amp; Yutaka Natsukari (2005). <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180722082159\/http:\/\/naosite.lb.nagasaki-u.ac.jp\/dspace\/bitstream\/10069\/21978\/1\/ZooSci22_645.pdf\" target=\"_new\">\"Alternative male mating behaviors dependent on relative body size in captive oval squid <i>Sepioteuthis lessoniana <\/i>(Cephalopoda, Loliginidae)\"<\/a> <span class=\"cs1-format\">(PDF)<\/span>. <i>Zoological Science<\/i>. <b>22<\/b> (6): <span class=\"nowrap\">645\u2013<\/span>651. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Bibcode (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2005ZooS...22..645W\" target=\"_new\">2005ZooS...22..645W<\/a>. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Doi (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">doi<\/a>:<a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2108%2Fzsj.22.645\" target=\"_new\">10.2108\/zsj.22.645<\/a>. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hdl_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Hdl (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">hdl<\/a>:<a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/hdl.handle.net\/10069%2F21978\" target=\"_new\">10069\/21978<\/a>. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PMID_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"PMID (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">PMID<\/a>&#160;<a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/15988158\" target=\"_new\">15988158<\/a>. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/S2CID_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"S2CID (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">S2CID<\/a>&#160;<a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:7663392\" target=\"_new\">7663392<\/a>. Archived from <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/naosite.lb.nagasaki-u.ac.jp\/dspace\/bitstream\/10069\/21978\/1\/ZooSci22_645.pdf\" target=\"_new\">the original<\/a> <span class=\"cs1-format\">(PDF)<\/span> on 2018-07-22<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">2011-08-15<\/span><\/span>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Zoological+Science&amp;rft.atitle=Alternative+male+mating+behaviors+dependent+on+relative+body+size+in+captive+oval+squid+Sepioteuthis+lessoniana+%28Cephalopoda%2C+Loliginidae%29&amp;rft.volume=22&amp;rft.issue=6&amp;rft.pages=645-651&amp;rft.date=2005&amp;rft&#95;id=info%3Ahdl%2F10069%2F21978&amp;rft&#95;id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A7663392%23id-name%3DS2CID&amp;rft&#95;id=info%3Abibcode%2F2005ZooS...22..645W&amp;rft&#95;id=info%3Apmid%2F15988158&amp;rft&#95;id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2108%2Fzsj.22.645&amp;rft.au=Toshifumi+Wada&amp;rft.au=Takeshi+Takegaki&amp;rft.au=Tohru+Mori&amp;rft.au=Yutaka+Natsukari&amp;rft&#95;id=http%3A%2F%2Fnaosite.lb.nagasaki-u.ac.jp%2Fdspace%2Fbitstream%2F10069%2F21978%2F1%2FZooSci22&#95;645.pdf&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABigfin+reef+squid\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-boal2-42\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-boal2_42-0\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFJean&#95;Geary&#95;Boal2006\" class=\"citation journal cs1\">Jean Geary Boal (2006). <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20110929110406\/http:\/\/www.millersville.edu\/biology\/faculty\/boal-pdf\/5.boal_vie_milieu_2006.pdf\" target=\"_new\">\"Social recognition: a top down view of cephalopod behavior\"<\/a> <span class=\"cs1-format\">(PDF)<\/span>. <i><\/i>. <b>56<\/b> (2): <span class=\"nowrap\">69\u2013<\/span>79. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"ISSN (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">ISSN<\/a>&#160;<a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/issn\/0240-8759\" target=\"_new\">0240-8759<\/a>. Archived from <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.millersville.edu\/biology\/faculty\/boal-pdf\/5.boal_vie_milieu_2006.pdf\" target=\"_new\">the original<\/a> <span class=\"cs1-format\">(PDF)<\/span> on 2011-09-29<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">2011-08-15<\/span><\/span>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Vie+et+Milieu&amp;rft.atitle=Social+recognition%3A+a+top+down+view+of+cephalopod+behavior&amp;rft.volume=56&amp;rft.issue=2&amp;rft.pages=69-79&amp;rft.date=2006&amp;rft.issn=0240-8759&amp;rft.au=Jean+Geary+Boal&amp;rft&#95;id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.millersville.edu%2Fbiology%2Ffaculty%2Fboal-pdf%2F5.boal&#95;vie&#95;milieu&#95;2006.pdf&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABigfin+reef+squid\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-chung-43\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-chung_43-0\"><sup><i><b>a<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-chung_43-1\"><sup><i><b>b<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFWen-Sung&#95;ChungChung-Cheng&#95;Lu2005\" class=\"citation journal cs1\">Wen-Sung Chung &amp; Chung-Cheng Lu (2005). <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20120330191358\/http:\/\/www.pmbc.go.th\/webpmbc\/ResearchBulletin\/Bull%2066%20%20pdf\/16.%20Chung%20Wen%20Sung.pdf\" target=\"_new\">\"The influence of temperature and salinity on the statolith of the oval squid <i>Sepioteuthis lessoniana<\/i> Lesson, 1830 during early development stages\"<\/a> <span class=\"cs1-format\">(PDF)<\/span>. <i>Phuket Marine Biological Center Research Bulletin<\/i>. <b>66<\/b>: <span class=\"nowrap\">175\u2013<\/span>185. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"ISSN (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">ISSN<\/a>&#160;<a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/issn\/0858-1088\" target=\"_new\">0858-1088<\/a>. Archived from <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pmbc.go.th\/webpmbc\/ResearchBulletin\/Bull%2066%20%20pdf\/16.%20Chung%20Wen%20Sung.pdf\" target=\"_new\">the original<\/a> <span class=\"cs1-format\">(PDF)<\/span> on 2012-03-30<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">2011-08-15<\/span><\/span>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Phuket+Marine+Biological+Center+Research+Bulletin&amp;rft.atitle=The+influence+of+temperature+and+salinity+on+the+statolith+of+the+oval+squid+Sepioteuthis+lessoniana+Lesson%2C+1830+during+early+development+stages&amp;rft.volume=66&amp;rft.pages=175-185&amp;rft.date=2005&amp;rft.issn=0858-1088&amp;rft.au=Wen-Sung+Chung&amp;rft.au=Chung-Cheng+Lu&amp;rft&#95;id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pmbc.go.th%2Fwebpmbc%2FResearchBulletin%2FBull%252066%2520%2520pdf%2F16.%2520Chung%2520Wen%2520Sung.pdf&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABigfin+reef+squid\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-mcmanus-44\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-mcmanus_44-0\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFJohn&#95;W.&#95;McManusCleto&#95;L.&#95;Na\u00f1ola&#95;Jr.Rodolfo&#95;B.&#95;Reyes&#95;Jr.Kathleen&#95;N.&#95;Kesner1992\" class=\"citation book cs1\">John W. McManus; Cleto L. Na\u00f1ola Jr.; Rodolfo B. Reyes Jr. &amp; Kathleen N. Kesner (1992). <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20120328045814\/http:\/\/pdf.usaid.gov\/pdf_docs\/PNABP611.pdf\" target=\"_new\"><i>Resource Ecology of the Bolinao Coral Reef System<\/i><\/a> <span class=\"cs1-format\">(PDF)<\/span>. International Center for Living Aquatic Resources Management in behalf of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and the United States Coastal Resources Management Project. p.&#160;4. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"ISBN (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">ISBN<\/a>&#160;<bdi>978-971-8709-28-3<\/bdi>. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"ISSN (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">ISSN<\/a>&#160;<a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/issn\/0115-4389\" target=\"_new\">0115-4389<\/a>. Archived from <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/pdf.usaid.gov\/pdf_docs\/PNABP611.pdf\" target=\"_new\">the original<\/a> <span class=\"cs1-format\">(PDF)<\/span> on March 28, 2012.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Resource+Ecology+of+the+Bolinao+Coral+Reef+System&amp;rft.pages=4&amp;rft.pub=International+Center+for+Living+Aquatic+Resources+Management+in+behalf+of+the+Association+of+Southeast+Asian+Nations+%28ASEAN%29+and+the+United+States+Coastal+Resources+Management+Project&amp;rft.date=1992&amp;rft.issn=0115-4389&amp;rft.isbn=978-971-8709-28-3&amp;rft.au=John+W.+McManus&amp;rft.au=Cleto+L.+Na%C3%B1ola+Jr.&amp;rft.au=Rodolfo+B.+Reyes+Jr.&amp;rft.au=Kathleen+N.+Kesner&amp;rft&#95;id=http%3A%2F%2Fpdf.usaid.gov%2Fpdf&#95;docs%2FPNABP611.pdf&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABigfin+reef+squid\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-lamprell-45\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-lamprell_45-0\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFK.&#95;L.&#95;LamprellA.&#95;M.&#95;Scheltema2001\" class=\"citation book cs1\">K. L. Lamprell &amp; A. M. Scheltema (2001). <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=5e4aah3VXZQC&pg=PA213\" target=\"_new\"><i>Zoological Catalogue of Australia: 2. Mollusca: Aplacophora, Polyplacophora, Scaphopoda, Cephalopoda<\/i><\/a>. Csiro Publishing. p.&#160;213. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"ISBN (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">ISBN<\/a>&#160;<bdi>978-0-643-06707-3<\/bdi>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Zoological+Catalogue+of+Australia%3A+2.+Mollusca%3A+Aplacophora%2C+Polyplacophora%2C+Scaphopoda%2C+Cephalopoda&amp;rft.pages=213&amp;rft.pub=Csiro+Publishing&amp;rft.date=2001&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-643-06707-3&amp;rft.au=K.+L.+Lamprell&amp;rft.au=A.+M.+Scheltema&amp;rft&#95;id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D5e4aah3VXZQC%26pg%3DPA213&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABigfin+reef+squid\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-runck-46\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-runck_46-0\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFAllison&#95;Runck2010\" class=\"citation web cs1\">Allison Runck (November 21, 2010). <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/australianmuseum.net.au\/Bigfin-Reef-Squid-Sepioteuthis-lessoniana-Lesson-1830\" target=\"_new\">\"Bigfin Reef Squid \u2013 <i>Sepioteuthis lessoniana<\/i> Lesson, 1830\"<\/a>. Australian Museum<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">October 10,<\/span> 2011<\/span>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Bigfin+Reef+Squid+%E2%80%93+Sepioteuthis+lessoniana+Lesson%2C+1830&amp;rft.pub=Australian+Museum&amp;rft.date=2010-11-21&amp;rft.au=Allison+Runck&amp;rft&#95;id=http%3A%2F%2Faustralianmuseum.net.au%2FBigfin-Reef-Squid-Sepioteuthis-lessoniana-Lesson-1830&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABigfin+reef+squid\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-samuel-47\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-samuel_47-0\"><sup><i><b>a<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-samuel_47-1\"><sup><i><b>b<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFV.&#95;Deepak&#95;SamuelJamil&#95;Patterson2002\" class=\"citation journal cs1\">V. Deepak Samuel &amp; Jamil Patterson (2002). <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/nopr.niscair.res.in\/bitstream\/123456789\/4315\/1\/IJMS%2031(2)%20150-152.pdf\" target=\"_new\">\"Intercapsular embryonic development of the big fin squid <i>Sepioteuthis lessoniana<\/i> (Loliginidae)\"<\/a> <span class=\"cs1-format\">(PDF)<\/span>. <i>Indian Journal of Marine Sciences<\/i>. <b>31<\/b> (2): <span class=\"nowrap\">150\u2013<\/span>152.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Indian+Journal+of+Marine+Sciences&amp;rft.atitle=Intercapsular+embryonic+development+of+the+big+fin+squid+Sepioteuthis+lessoniana+%28Loliginidae%29&amp;rft.volume=31&amp;rft.issue=2&amp;rft.pages=150-152&amp;rft.date=2002&amp;rft.au=V.+Deepak+Samuel&amp;rft.au=Jamil+Patterson&amp;rft&#95;id=http%3A%2F%2Fnopr.niscair.res.in%2Fbitstream%2F123456789%2F4315%2F1%2FIJMS%252031%282%29%2520150-152.pdf&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABigfin+reef+squid\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-jackson-48\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-jackson_48-0\"><sup><i><b>a<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-jackson_48-1\"><sup><i><b>b<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFG.D.&#95;JacksonM.L.&#95;Domeier2003\" class=\"citation journal cs1\">G.D. Jackson &amp; M.L. Domeier (2003). <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.marinecsi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/05\/jackson_domeier_squid_031.pdf\" target=\"_new\">\"The effects of an extraordinary El Ni\u00f1o \/ La Ni\u00f1a event on the size and growth of the squid <i>Loligo opalescens<\/i> off Southern California\"<\/a> <span class=\"cs1-format\">(PDF)<\/span>. <i>Marine Biology<\/i>. <b>142<\/b> (5): <span class=\"nowrap\">925\u2013<\/span>935. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Bibcode (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2003MarBi.142..925J\" target=\"_new\">2003MarBi.142..925J<\/a>. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Doi (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">doi<\/a>:<a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007%2Fs00227-002-1005-4\" target=\"_new\">10.1007\/s00227-002-1005-4<\/a>. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/S2CID_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"S2CID (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">S2CID<\/a>&#160;<a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:55045945\" target=\"_new\">55045945<\/a>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Marine+Biology&amp;rft.atitle=The+effects+of+an+extraordinary+El+Ni%C3%B1o+%2F+La+Ni%C3%B1a+event+on+the+size+and+growth+of+the+squid+Loligo+opalescens+off+Southern+California&amp;rft.volume=142&amp;rft.issue=5&amp;rft.pages=925-935&amp;rft.date=2003&amp;rft&#95;id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A55045945%23id-name%3DS2CID&amp;rft&#95;id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fs00227-002-1005-4&amp;rft&#95;id=info%3Abibcode%2F2003MarBi.142..925J&amp;rft.au=G.D.+Jackson&amp;rft.au=M.L.+Domeier&amp;rft&#95;id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.marinecsi.org%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2010%2F05%2Fjackson&#95;domeier&#95;squid&#95;031.pdf&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABigfin+reef+squid\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-nasemore-49\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-nasemore_49-0\"><sup><i><b>a<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-nasemore_49-1\"><sup><i><b>b<\/b><\/i><\/sup><\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFNick&#95;Stare\u0161ini\u0107Erica&#95;A.&#95;G.&#95;VidalLeigh&#95;S.&#95;Walsh2004\" class=\"citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source\">Nick Stare\u0161ini\u0107; Erica A. G. Vidal &amp; Leigh S. Walsh (2004). <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/hrcak.srce.hr\/file\/12911\" target=\"_new\">\"New species for mariculture in the Eastern Pacific\"<\/a>. <i>Na\u0161e More<\/i> (in Croatian and English). <b>5<\/b> (<span class=\"nowrap\">1\u2013<\/span>2): <span class=\"nowrap\">24\u2013<\/span>36. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"ISSN (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">ISSN<\/a>&#160;<a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/issn\/0469-6255\" target=\"_new\">0469-6255<\/a>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Na%C5%A1e+More&amp;rft.atitle=New+species+for+mariculture+in+the+Eastern+Pacific&amp;rft.volume=5&amp;rft.issue=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1%E2%80%93%3C%2Fspan%3E2&amp;rft.pages=24-36&amp;rft.date=2004&amp;rft.issn=0469-6255&amp;rft.au=Nick+Stare%C5%A1ini%C4%87&amp;rft.au=Erica+A.+G.+Vidal&amp;rft.au=Leigh+S.+Walsh&amp;rft&#95;id=http%3A%2F%2Fhrcak.srce.hr%2Ffile%2F12911&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABigfin+reef+squid\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-samuel2-50\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-samuel2_50-0\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFDeepak&#95;V.&#95;SamuelJamila&#95;Patterson2003\" class=\"citation journal cs1\">Deepak V. Samuel &amp; Jamila Patterson (2003). <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20120602093049\/http:\/\/ir.kagoshima-u.ac.jp\/bitstream\/10232\/5361\/1\/2003_006.pdf\" target=\"_new\">\"A comparative study on the radula of three coleoid cephalopods\"<\/a> <span class=\"cs1-format\">(PDF)<\/span>. <i>South Pacific Study<\/i>. <b>24<\/b> (1): <span class=\"nowrap\">33\u2013<\/span>38. Archived from <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/ir.kagoshima-u.ac.jp\/bitstream\/10232\/5361\/1\/2003_006.pdf\" target=\"_new\">the original<\/a> <span class=\"cs1-format\">(PDF)<\/span> on 2012-06-02<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">2011-08-15<\/span><\/span>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=South+Pacific+Study&amp;rft.atitle=A+comparative+study+on+the+radula+of+three+coleoid+cephalopods&amp;rft.volume=24&amp;rft.issue=1&amp;rft.pages=33-38&amp;rft.date=2003&amp;rft.au=Deepak+V.+Samuel&amp;rft.au=Jamila+Patterson&amp;rft&#95;id=http%3A%2F%2Fir.kagoshima-u.ac.jp%2Fbitstream%2F10232%2F5361%2F1%2F2003&#95;006.pdf&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABigfin+reef+squid\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-dickson-51\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-dickson_51-0\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFJ.O.&#95;DicksonB.R.&#95;Ricafrente2007\" class=\"citation book cs1\">J.O. Dickson &amp; B.R. Ricafrente (2007). <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20120328045814\/http:\/\/pdf.usaid.gov\/pdf_docs\/PNABP611.pdf\" target=\"_new\"><i>The squid fishery in Carigara Bay, Samar: catch of <\/i>Photololigo duvaucelii<i> by squid jigs and <\/i>Sepioteuthis lessoniana<i> by hanging squid pot<\/i><\/a> <span class=\"cs1-format\">(PDF)<\/span>. Bureau of Agricultural Research, Department of Agriculture, Republic of the Philippines. pp.&#160;<span class=\"nowrap\">178\u2013<\/span>181. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"ISBN (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">ISBN<\/a>&#160;<bdi>978-971-8511-77-0<\/bdi>. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"ISSN (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">ISSN<\/a>&#160;<a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/issn\/0115-4389\" target=\"_new\">0115-4389<\/a>. Archived from <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/pdf.usaid.gov\/pdf_docs\/PNABP611.pdf\" target=\"_new\">the original<\/a> <span class=\"cs1-format\">(PDF)<\/span> on March 28, 2012.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+squid+fishery+in+Carigara+Bay%2C+Samar%3A+catch+of+Photololigo+duvaucelii+by+squid+jigs+and+Sepioteuthis+lessoniana+by+hanging+squid+pot&amp;rft.pages=178-181&amp;rft.pub=Bureau+of+Agricultural+Research%2C+Department+of+Agriculture%2C+Republic+of+the+Philippines&amp;rft.date=2007&amp;rft.issn=0115-4389&amp;rft.isbn=978-971-8511-77-0&amp;rft.au=J.O.+Dickson&amp;rft.au=B.R.+Ricafrente&amp;rft&#95;id=http%3A%2F%2Fpdf.usaid.gov%2Fpdf&#95;docs%2FPNABP611.pdf&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABigfin+reef+squid\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span> <span class=\"cs1-visible-error citation-comment\"><code class=\"cs1-code\">{{<a href=\"\/wiki\/Template:Cite_book\" title=\"Template:Cite book\">cite book<\/a>}}<\/code>: <\/span><span class=\"cs1-visible-error citation-comment\"><code class=\"cs1-code\">&#124;journal=<\/code> ignored (<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored\" title=\"Help:CS1 errors\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">help<\/a>)<\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-jig-52\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-jig_52-0\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFSujit&#95;SundaramV.D.&#95;Deshmukh2011\" class=\"citation journal cs1\">Sujit Sundaram &amp; V.D. Deshmukh (2011). <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/eprints.cmfri.org.in\/8367\/1\/fc_new.pdf\" target=\"_new\">\"On the emergence of squid jigging in India\"<\/a> <span class=\"cs1-format\">(PDF)<\/span>. <i>Fishing Chimes<\/i>. <b>30<\/b> (12): <span class=\"nowrap\">18\u2013<\/span>20.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Fishing+Chimes&amp;rft.atitle=On+the+emergence+of+squid+jigging+in+India&amp;rft.volume=30&amp;rft.issue=12&amp;rft.pages=18-20&amp;rft.date=2011&amp;rft.au=Sujit+Sundaram&amp;rft.au=V.D.+Deshmukh&amp;rft&#95;id=http%3A%2F%2Feprints.cmfri.org.in%2F8367%2F1%2Ffc&#95;new.pdf&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABigfin+reef+squid\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-ranong-53\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-ranong_53-0\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFDonald&#95;J.&#95;MacintoshElizabeth&#95;C.&#95;AshtonVinij&#95;Tansakul2002\" class=\"citation journal cs1\">Donald J. Macintosh; Elizabeth C. Ashton &amp; Vinij Tansakul (2002). <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20111005191104\/http:\/\/www.itczm.ait.ac.th\/7ranong.pdf\" target=\"_new\">\"Utilization and knowledge of biodiversity in the Ranong Biosphere Reserve, Thailand\"<\/a> <span class=\"cs1-format\">(PDF)<\/span>. <i>ITCZM Monograph<\/i> (7): <span class=\"nowrap\">1\u2013<\/span>30. Archived from <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.itczm.ait.ac.th\/7ranong.pdf\" target=\"_new\">the original<\/a> <span class=\"cs1-format\">(PDF)<\/span> on 2011-10-05<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">2011-08-13<\/span><\/span>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=ITCZM+Monograph&amp;rft.atitle=Utilization+and+knowledge+of+biodiversity+in+the+Ranong+Biosphere+Reserve%2C+Thailand&amp;rft.issue=7&amp;rft.pages=1-30&amp;rft.date=2002&amp;rft.au=Donald+J.+Macintosh&amp;rft.au=Elizabeth+C.+Ashton&amp;rft.au=Vinij+Tansakul&amp;rft&#95;id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.itczm.ait.ac.th%2F7ranong.pdf&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABigfin+reef+squid\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-smith-54\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-smith_54-0\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFStephen&#95;A.&#95;SmithJoseph&#95;M.&#95;ScimecaMary&#95;E.&#95;Mainous2011\" class=\"citation journal cs1\">Stephen A. Smith; Joseph M. Scimeca &amp; Mary E. Mainous (2011). <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20120325083056\/http:\/\/dels-old.nas.edu\/ilar_n\/ilarjournal\/52_2\/PDFs\/v5202Smith153.pdf\" target=\"_new\">\"Culture and maintenance of selected invertebrates in the laboratory and classroom\"<\/a> <span class=\"cs1-format\">(PDF)<\/span>. <i>ILAR Journal<\/i>. <b>52<\/b> (2): <span class=\"nowrap\">153\u2013<\/span>164. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Doi (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">doi<\/a>:<span class=\"id-lock-free\" title=\"Freely accessible\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093%2Filar.52.2.153\" target=\"_new\">10.1093\/ilar.52.2.153<\/a><\/span>. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PMID_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"PMID (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">PMID<\/a>&#160;<a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/21709308\" target=\"_new\">21709308<\/a>. 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Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">2011-08-13<\/span><\/span>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=ILAR+Journal&amp;rft.atitle=Culture+and+maintenance+of+selected+invertebrates+in+the+laboratory+and+classroom&amp;rft.volume=52&amp;rft.issue=2&amp;rft.pages=153-164&amp;rft.date=2011&amp;rft&#95;id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Filar.52.2.153&amp;rft&#95;id=info%3Apmid%2F21709308&amp;rft.au=Stephen+A.+Smith&amp;rft.au=Joseph+M.+Scimeca&amp;rft.au=Mary+E.+Mainous&amp;rft&#95;id=http%3A%2F%2Fdels-old.nas.edu%2Filar&#95;n%2Filarjournal%2F52&#95;2%2FPDFs%2Fv5202Smith153.pdf&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABigfin+reef+squid\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-jackson2-55\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-jackson2_55-0\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFGeorge&#95;D.&#95;JacksonRoss&#95;A.&#95;AlfordJ.&#95;Howard&#95;Choat2000\" class=\"citation journal cs1\">George D. Jackson; Ross A. Alford &amp; J. Howard Choat (2000). <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1006%2Fjmsc.2000.0582\" target=\"_new\">\"Can length frequency analysis be used to determine squid growth? \u2013 An assessment of ELEFAN\"<\/a>. <i>ICES Journal of Marine Science<\/i>. <b>57<\/b> (4): <span class=\"nowrap\">948\u2013<\/span>954. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Bibcode (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2000ICJMS..57..948J\" target=\"_new\">2000ICJMS..57..948J<\/a>. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Doi (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">doi<\/a>:<span class=\"id-lock-free\" title=\"Freely accessible\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1006%2Fjmsc.2000.0582\" target=\"_new\">10.1006\/jmsc.2000.0582<\/a><\/span>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=ICES+Journal+of+Marine+Science&amp;rft.atitle=Can+length+frequency+analysis+be+used+to+determine+squid+growth%3F+%E2%80%93+An+assessment+of+ELEFAN&amp;rft.volume=57&amp;rft.issue=4&amp;rft.pages=948-954&amp;rft.date=2000&amp;rft&#95;id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1006%2Fjmsc.2000.0582&amp;rft&#95;id=info%3Abibcode%2F2000ICJMS..57..948J&amp;rft.au=George+D.+Jackson&amp;rft.au=Ross+A.+Alford&amp;rft.au=J.+Howard+Choat&amp;rft&#95;id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1006%252Fjmsc.2000.0582&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABigfin+reef+squid\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-inoue-56\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-inoue_56-0\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFIsao&#95;Inoue1981\" class=\"citation journal cs1\">Isao Inoue (1981). <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/jgp.rupress.org\/content\/78\/1\/43.full.pdf#page=1&view=FitH\" target=\"_new\">\"Activation-inactivation of potassium channels and development of the potassium-channel spike in internally perfused squid giant axons\"<\/a> <span class=\"cs1-format\">(PDF)<\/span>. <i>The Journal of General Physiology<\/i>. <b>78<\/b> (1): <span class=\"nowrap\">43\u2013<\/span>61. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"Doi (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">doi<\/a>:<a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1085%2Fjgp.78.1.43\" target=\"_new\">10.1085\/jgp.78.1.43<\/a>. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PMC_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"PMC (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">PMC<\/a>&#160;<span class=\"id-lock-free\" title=\"Freely accessible\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2228625\" target=\"_new\">2228625<\/a><\/span>. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PMID_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"PMID (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">PMID<\/a>&#160;<a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/6265593\" target=\"_new\">6265593<\/a>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+General+Physiology&amp;rft.atitle=Activation-inactivation+of+potassium+channels+and+development+of+the+potassium-channel+spike+in+internally+perfused+squid+giant+axons&amp;rft.volume=78&amp;rft.issue=1&amp;rft.pages=43-61&amp;rft.date=1981&amp;rft&#95;id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2228625%23id-name%3DPMC&amp;rft&#95;id=info%3Apmid%2F6265593&amp;rft&#95;id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1085%2Fjgp.78.1.43&amp;rft.au=Isao+Inoue&amp;rft&#95;id=http%3A%2F%2Fjgp.rupress.org%2Fcontent%2F78%2F1%2F43.full.pdf%23page%3D1%26view%3DFitH&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABigfin+reef+squid\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-nixon-57\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-nixon_57-0\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFMarion&#95;NixonJohn&#95;Zachary&#95;Young2003\" class=\"citation book cs1\">Marion Nixon &amp; <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/John_Zachary_Young\" title=\"John Zachary Young\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">John Zachary Young<\/a> (2003). <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=BRvrtsuKc6MC&pg=PA98\" target=\"_new\"><i>The Brains and Lives of Cephalopods<\/i><\/a>. Oxford University Press. p.&#160;98. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" title=\"ISBN (identifier)\" target=\"_new\">ISBN<\/a>&#160;<bdi>978-0-19-852761-9<\/bdi>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Brains+and+Lives+of+Cephalopods&amp;rft.pages=98&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2003&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-19-852761-9&amp;rft.au=Marion+Nixon&amp;rft.au=John+Zachary+Young&amp;rft&#95;id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DBRvrtsuKc6MC%26pg%3DPA98&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABigfin+reef+squid\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-radio-58\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-radio_58-0\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite class=\"citation episode cs1\">Presenter: Robyn Williams, Guest: George Jackson (June 16, 2001). \"The Science Show\". <i>The Science Show<\/i>. ABC. Radio National. <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/rn\/science\/ss\/stories\/s305244.htm\" target=\"_new\">George Jackson: \"...There's one species, the tropical calamari (Sepioteuthis lessoniana) is its name, and I was actually involved with some overseas researchers. We were putting forward a grant with that very thing; that because this species was so wide spread in shallow water, it had such rapid growth rates and highly predatory that it in fact should be quite a good indicator species...\"<\/a><\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=The+Science+Show&amp;rft.date=2001-06-16&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABigfin+reef+squid\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-cite&#95;note-zenetos-59\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-zenetos_59-0\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" \/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFArgyro&#95;ZenetosMaria-Antonietta&#95;Pancucci-PapadopoulouStamatis&#95;ZogarisEva&#95;Papastergiadou2009\" class=\"citation journal cs1\">Argyro Zenetos; Maria-Antonietta Pancucci-Papadopoulou; Stamatis Zogaris; Eva Papastergiadou; Leonidas Vardakas; Katerina Aligizaki &amp; Alcibiades N. Economou (2009). <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jbr.gr\/papers20092\/03-Zenetos%20et%20al.pdf\" target=\"_new\">\"Aquatic alien species in Greece (2009): tracking sources, patterns and effects on the ecosystem\"<\/a> <span class=\"cs1-format\">(PDF)<\/span>. <i>Journal of Biological Research-Thessaloniki<\/i>. <b>12<\/b>: <span class=\"nowrap\">135\u2013<\/span>172.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx&#95;ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft&#95;val&#95;fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biological+Research-Thessaloniki&amp;rft.atitle=Aquatic+alien+species+in+Greece+%282009%29%3A+tracking+sources%2C+patterns+and+effects+on+the+ecosystem&amp;rft.volume=12&amp;rft.pages=135-172&amp;rft.date=2009&amp;rft.au=Argyro+Zenetos&amp;rft.au=Maria-Antonietta+Pancucci-Papadopoulou&amp;rft.au=Stamatis+Zogaris&amp;rft.au=Eva+Papastergiadou&amp;rft.au=Leonidas+Vardakas&amp;rft.au=Katerina+Aligizaki&amp;rft.au=Alcibiades+N.+Economou&amp;rft&#95;id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jbr.gr%2Fpapers20092%2F03-Zenetos%2520et%2520al.pdf&amp;rfr&#95;id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABigfin+reef+squid\" class=\"Z3988\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol><\/div>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-External_links\">External links<\/h2><\/div>\n<ul><li>A video of <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=404AV1UjAKg\" target=\"_new\">bigfin reef squids spawning<\/a> from YouTube.com<\/li>\n<li>Photos of <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/sealifecollection.org\/taxon\/220317\" target=\"_new\">Bigfin reef squid<\/a> in the Sealife Collection<\/li><\/ul>\n<div class=\"navbox-styles\"><\/div><div role=\"navigation\" class=\"navbox\" aria-labelledby=\"Taxon&#95;identifiers3279\" style=\"padding:3px\"><table class=\"nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner\" style=\"border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit\"><tbody><tr><th scope=\"col\" class=\"navbox-title\" colspan=\"2\"><div id=\"rdp-we-Taxon&#95;identifiers3279\" style=\"font-size:114%;margin:0 4em\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:Taxon_identifiers\" title=\"Help:Taxon identifiers\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Taxon identifiers<\/a><\/div><\/th><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%;text-align: left;\"><i>Sepioteuthis lessoniana<\/i><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikidata\" title=\"Wikidata\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Wikidata<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><span class=\"external\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q1870469\" class=\"extiw wiki-link\" title=\"wikidata:Q1870469\" target=\"_new\">Q1870469<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikispecies\" title=\"Wikispecies\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Wikispecies<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><span class=\"external\"><a href=\"https:\/\/species.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Sepioteuthis_lessoniana\" class=\"extiw wiki-link\" title=\"wikispecies:Sepioteuthis lessoniana\" target=\"_new\">Sepioteuthis lessoniana<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Animal_Diversity_Web\" title=\"Animal Diversity Web\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">ADW<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/animaldiversity.org\/accounts\/Sepioteuthis_lessoniana\/\" target=\"_new\">Sepioteuthis_lessoniana<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Australian_Faunal_Directory\" title=\"Australian Faunal Directory\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">AFD<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/biodiversity.org.au\/afd\/taxa\/Sepioteuthis_lessoniana\" target=\"_new\">Sepioteuthis_lessoniana<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Barcode_of_Life_Data_System\" title=\"Barcode of Life Data System\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">BOLD<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/bench.boldsystems.org\/index.php\/TaxBrowser_TaxonPage?taxid=26424\" target=\"_new\">26424<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Catalogue_of_Life\" title=\"Catalogue of Life\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">CoL<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.catalogueoflife.org\/data\/taxon\/6YFXW\" target=\"_new\">6YFXW<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Encyclopedia_of_Life\" title=\"Encyclopedia of Life\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">EoL<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/eol.org\/pages\/491773\" target=\"_new\">491773<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility\" title=\"Global Biodiversity Information Facility\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">GBIF<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gbif.org\/species\/2290412\" target=\"_new\">2290412<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/INaturalist\" title=\"INaturalist\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">iNaturalist<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/inaturalist.org\/taxa\/121187\" target=\"_new\">121187<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera\" title=\"Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">IRMNG<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.irmng.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=11290207\" target=\"_new\">11290207<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Invasive_Species_Compendium\" title=\"Invasive Species Compendium\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">ISC<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cabi.org\/isc\/datasheet\/117097\" target=\"_new\">117097<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System\" title=\"Integrated Taxonomic Information System\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">ITIS<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.itis.gov\/servlet\/SingleRpt\/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=556118\" target=\"_new\">556118<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/IUCN_Red_List\" title=\"IUCN Red List\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">IUCN<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iucnredlist.org\/details\/163376\/0\" target=\"_new\">163376<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information\" title=\"National Center for Biotechnology Information\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">NCBI<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/datasets\/taxonomy\/34570\/\" target=\"_new\">34570<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\">NZOR: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nzor.org.nz\/names\/8da6ab11-991a-43c5-8a51-aa4613e7d857\" target=\"_new\">8da6ab11-991a-43c5-8a51-aa4613e7d857<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ocean_Biodiversity_Information_System\" title=\"Ocean Biodiversity Information System\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">OBIS<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/obis.org\/taxon\/220317\" target=\"_new\">220317<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SeaLifeBase\" title=\"SeaLifeBase\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">SeaLifeBase<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sealifebase.ca\/Summary\/SpeciesSummary.php?id=57302\" target=\"_new\">57302<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E8%87%BA%E7%81%A3%E7%89%A9%E7%A8%AE%E5%90%8D%E9%8C%84\" class=\"extiw wiki-link\" title=\"zh:\u81fa\u7063\u7269\u7a2e\u540d\u9304\" target=\"_new\">TaiCOL<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/taicol.tw\/taxon\/t0032792\" target=\"_new\">t0032792<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_Register_of_Marine_Species\" title=\"World Register of Marine Species\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">WoRMS<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=220317\" target=\"_new\">220317<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div>\n<!-- \nNewPP limit report\nParsed by mw\u2010api\u2010ext.codfw.main\u2010786dbb967\u201098r86\nCached time: 20260622173730\nCache expiry: 2592000\nCache expiry source: Module:Cite_IUCN (os.date(%Y))\nReduced expiry: false\nComplications: [vary\u2010revision\u2010sha1, 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dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"mw-page-title-main\">Bigfin reef squid<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-sticky-header-end\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-sticky-header-icons\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#\" class=\"cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only\" id=\"rdp-we-ca-talk-sticky-header\" tabindex=\"-1\" data-event-name=\"talk-sticky-header\"><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles\"><\/span>\n\n<span><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<a href=\"#\" class=\"cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only\" id=\"rdp-we-ca-subject-sticky-header\" tabindex=\"-1\" data-event-name=\"subject-sticky-header\"><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article\"><\/span>\n\n<span><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<a href=\"#\" class=\"cdx-button 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