{"id":238,"date":"2019-10-28T09:44:30","date_gmt":"2019-10-28T09:44:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/pavclients.com\/moalboal\/?post_type=product&#038;p=238"},"modified":"2020-07-06T11:07:39","modified_gmt":"2020-07-06T11:07:39","slug":"giant-grouper","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/reefspecies.com\/moalboal\/species\/giant-grouper\/","title":{"rendered":"Giant grouper"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"rdp-we-main\" data-resource=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Giant_grouper\">\n<div id=\"rdp-we-mw-aria-live-region\" class=\"mw-aria-live-region\" aria-live=\"polite\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"vector-header-container\">\n\t<header class=\"vector-header mw-header no-font-mode-scale\">\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-header-start\">\n\t\t\t<nav class=\"vector-main-menu-landmark\" aria-label=\"Site\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-main-menu-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right\"  title=\"Main menu\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"rdp-we-vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox\"  aria-label=\"Main menu\"   >\n\t<label id=\"rdp-we-vector-main-menu-dropdown-label\" for=\"vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only\" aria-hidden=\"true\"  ><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu cdx-button__icon\"><\/span>\n\n<span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">Main menu<\/span>\n\t<\/label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-main-menu-unpinned-container\" class=\"vector-unpinned-container\">\n\t\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-main-menu\" class=\"vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element\">\n\t<div\n\tclass=\"vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned\"\n\tdata-feature-name=\"main-menu-pinned\"\n\tdata-pinnable-element-id=\"vector-main-menu\"\n\tdata-pinned-container-id=\"vector-main-menu-pinned-container\"\n\tdata-unpinned-container-id=\"vector-main-menu-unpinned-container\"\n>\n\t<div class=\"vector-pinnable-header-label\">Main menu<\/div>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin\">move to sidebar<\/button>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin\">hide<\/button>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-navigation\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation\"  >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-heading\">\n\t\tNavigation\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-n-mainpage-description\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Main_Page\" title=\"Visit the main page [z]\" accesskey=\"z\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Main page<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-n-contents\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Contents\" title=\"Guides to browsing Wikipedia\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Contents<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-n-currentevents\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portal:Current_events\" title=\"Articles related to current events\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Current events<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-n-randompage\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><span>Random article<\/span><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-n-aboutsite\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:About\" title=\"Learn about Wikipedia and how it works\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>About Wikipedia<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-n-contactpage\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Contact_us\" title=\"How to contact Wikipedia\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Contact us<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-interaction\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction\"  >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-heading\">\n\t\tContribute\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-n-help\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:Contents\" title=\"Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Help<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-n-introduction\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:Introduction\" title=\"Learn how to edit Wikipedia\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Learn to edit<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-n-portal\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Community_portal\" title=\"The hub for editors\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Community portal<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-n-recentchanges\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><span>Recent changes<\/span><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-n-upload\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard\" title=\"Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Upload file<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-n-specialpages\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><span>Special pages<\/span><\/li>\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\n<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Main_Page\" class=\"mw-logo wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">\n\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"mw-logo-icon\" src=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/static\/images\/icons\/enwiki-25.svg\" alt=\"\" aria-hidden=\"true\" height=\"50\" width=\"50\">\n\t<span class=\"mw-logo-container skin-invert\">\n\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"mw-logo-wordmark\" alt=\"Wikipedia\" src=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/static\/images\/mobile\/copyright\/wikipedia-wordmark-en-25.svg\" style=\"width: 8.75em; height: 1.375em;\">\n\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"mw-logo-tagline\" alt=\"The Free Encyclopedia\" src=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/static\/images\/mobile\/copyright\/wikipedia-tagline-en-25.svg\" width=\"140\" height=\"11\" style=\"width: 8.75em; height: 0.6875em;\">\n\t<\/span>\n<\/a>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-header-end\">\n\t\t\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-search\" role=\"search\" class=\"vector-search-box-vue  vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box\">\n\t<span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search cdx-button__icon\"><\/span>\n\n<span>Search<\/span>\n\t\n\t<div class=\"vector-typeahead-search-container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width\">\n\t\t\t<form action=\"\/w\/index.php\" id=\"rdp-we-searchform\" class=\"cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button\">\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-simpleSearch\" class=\"cdx-search-input__input-wrapper\"  data-search-loc=\"header-moved\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<input\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"cdx-text-input__input mw-searchInput\" autocomplete=\"off\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t type=\"search\" name=\"search\" placeholder=\"Search Wikipedia\" aria-label=\"Search Wikipedia\" autocapitalize=\"none\" spellcheck=\"false\" title=\"Search Wikipedia [f]\" accesskey=\"f\" id=\"rdp-we-searchInput\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"title\" value=\"Special:Search\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<button class=\"cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button\">Search<\/button>\n\t\t\t<\/form>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t<nav class=\"vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide\" aria-label=\"Personal tools\">\n\t<div class=\"vector-user-links-main\">\n\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-vector-user-menu-preferences\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet\"  >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-vector-user-menu-userpage\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet\"  >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t<nav class=\"vector-appearance-landmark\" aria-label=\"Appearance\">\n\t\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-appearance-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown\"  title=\"Change the appearance of the page&#039;s font size, width, and color\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"rdp-we-vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox\"  aria-label=\"Appearance\"   >\n\t<label id=\"rdp-we-vector-appearance-dropdown-label\" for=\"vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only\" aria-hidden=\"true\"  ><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance cdx-button__icon\"><\/span>\n\n<span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">Appearance<\/span>\n\t<\/label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-appearance-unpinned-container\" class=\"vector-unpinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t<\/nav>\n\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-vector-user-menu-notifications\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet\"  >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-vector-user-menu-overflow\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet\"  >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-pt-sitesupport-2\" class=\"mw-list-item vector-menu-item--collapsible\"><a data-mw-interface href=\"https:\/\/donate.wikimedia.org\/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en\" data-mw-donate-attempt=\"top_link\" class=\" wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Donate<\/span><\/a>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-pt-createaccount-2\" class=\"mw-list-item vector-menu-item--collapsible\"><span>Create account<\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-pt-login-2\" class=\"mw-list-item vector-menu-item--collapsible\"><span>Log in<\/span>\n<\/li>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-user-links-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out vector-user-links-dropdown--collapsible\"  title=\"Log in and more options\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"rdp-we-vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox\"  aria-label=\"Personal tools\"   >\n\t<label id=\"rdp-we-vector-user-links-dropdown-label\" for=\"vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only\" aria-hidden=\"true\"  ><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis cdx-button__icon\"><\/span>\n\n<span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">Personal tools<\/span>\n\t<\/label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-personal\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal\"  title=\"User menu\" >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-pt-sitesupport\" class=\"mw-list-item vector-menu-item--collapsible\"><a data-mw-interface href=\"https:\/\/donate.wikimedia.org\/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en\" data-mw-donate-attempt=\"top_link\" class=\" wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-heart mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-heart cdx-button__icon\"><\/span>\n\n<span>Donate<\/span><\/a>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-pt-createaccount\" class=\"mw-list-item vector-menu-item--collapsible\"><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd cdx-button__icon\"><\/span>\n\n<span>Create account<\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-pt-login\" class=\"mw-list-item vector-menu-item--collapsible\"><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn cdx-button__icon\"><\/span>\n\n<span>Log in<\/span>\n<\/li>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/nav>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/header>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mw-page-container\">\n\t<div class=\"mw-page-container-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-sitenotice-container\">\n\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-siteNotice\"><!-- CentralNotice --><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-column-start\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-main-menu-container\">\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-sticky-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<nav id=\"rdp-we-mw-panel-toc\" aria-label=\"Contents\" data-event-name=\"ui.sidebar-toc\" class=\"mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-toc-pinned-container\" class=\"vector-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-toc\" class=\"vector-toc vector-pinnable-element\">\n\t<div\n\tclass=\"vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned\"\n\tdata-feature-name=\"toc-pinned\"\n\tdata-pinnable-element-id=\"vector-toc\"\n\tdata-pinned-container-id=\"vector-toc-pinned-container\"\n\tdata-unpinned-container-id=\"vector-toc-unpinned-container\"\n>\n\t<h2 class=\"vector-pinnable-header-label\">Contents<\/h2>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin\">move to sidebar<\/button>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin\">hide<\/button>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\t<ul class=\"vector-toc-contents\" id=\"rdp-we-mw-panel-toc-list\">\n\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-mw-content-text\"\n\t\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"#\" class=\"vector-toc-link\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">(Top)<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-Description\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Description\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">1<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Description<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-Description-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-Distribution\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Distribution\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">2<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Distribution<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-Distribution-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-Habitat_and_biology\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Habitat_and_biology\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">3<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Habitat and biology<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t<button aria-controls=\"toc-Habitat_and_biology-sublist\" class=\"cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Toggle Habitat and biology subsection<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-Habitat_and_biology-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-Reproduction\"\n\t\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Reproduction\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">3.1<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span>Reproduction<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-Reproduction-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n\t<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-Taxonomy\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Taxonomy\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">4<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Taxonomy<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-Taxonomy-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-Use\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Use\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">5<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Use<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-Use-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-Cultural_references\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#Cultural_references\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">6<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>Cultural references<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-Cultural_references-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-References\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#References\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">7<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>References<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-References-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"rdp-we-toc-External_links\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded\">\n\t\t<a class=\"vector-toc-link\" href=\"#External_links\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-toc-text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vector-toc-numb\">8<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span>External links<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul id=\"rdp-we-toc-External_links-sublist\" class=\"vector-toc-list\">\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"mw-content-container\">\n\t\t\t<main id=\"rdp-we-content\" class=\"mw-body\">\n\t\t\t\t<header class=\"mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar no-font-mode-scale\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<nav aria-label=\"Contents\" class=\"vector-toc-landmark\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-page-titlebar-toc\" class=\"vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left\"  title=\"Table of Contents\" >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"rdp-we-vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox\"  aria-label=\"Toggle the table of contents\"   >\n\t<label id=\"rdp-we-vector-page-titlebar-toc-label\" for=\"vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only\" aria-hidden=\"true\"  ><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet cdx-button__icon\"><\/span>\n\n<span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">Toggle the table of contents<\/span>\n\t<\/label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container\" class=\"vector-unpinned-container\">\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-lang-btn\" class=\"vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang\"  >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"rdp-we-p-lang-btn-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector\"  aria-label=\"37 languages\" aria-description=\"Go to an article in another language. Available in 37 languages\"  >\n\t<label id=\"rdp-we-p-lang-btn-label\" for=\"p-lang-btn-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-37\" aria-hidden=\"true\"  ><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive cdx-button__icon\"><\/span>\n\n<span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">37 languages<\/span>\n\t<\/label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ace.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Geurunt%C3%B4ng\" title=\"Geurunt\u00f4ng \u2013 Acehnese\" lang=\"ace\" hreflang=\"ace\" data-title=\"Geurunt\u00f4ng\" data-language-autonym=\"Ac\u00e8h\" data-language-local-name=\"Acehnese\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Ac\u00e8h<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/af.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Briekwabaars\" title=\"Briekwabaars \u2013 Afrikaans\" lang=\"af\" hreflang=\"af\" data-title=\"Briekwabaars\" data-language-autonym=\"Afrikaans\" data-language-local-name=\"Afrikaans\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Afrikaans<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82\" title=\"\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u2013 Arabic\" lang=\"ar\" hreflang=\"ar\" data-title=\"\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0642\" data-language-autonym=\"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\" data-language-local-name=\"Arabic\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/arz.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82\" title=\"\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u2013 Egyptian Arabic\" lang=\"arz\" hreflang=\"arz\" data-title=\"\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0642\" data-language-autonym=\"\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0649\" data-language-local-name=\"Egyptian Arabic\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0649<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ban.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kerapu_raksasa\" title=\"Kerapu raksasa \u2013 Balinese\" lang=\"ban\" hreflang=\"ban\" data-title=\"Kerapu raksasa\" data-language-autonym=\"Basa Bali\" data-language-local-name=\"Balinese\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Basa Bali<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/bcl.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Epinephelus_lanceolatus\" title=\"Epinephelus lanceolatus \u2013 Central Bikol\" lang=\"bcl\" hreflang=\"bcl\" data-title=\"Epinephelus lanceolatus\" data-language-autonym=\"Bikol Central\" data-language-local-name=\"Central Bikol\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Bikol Central<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/bg.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80\" title=\"\u0413\u0438\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u0435\u0440 \u2013 Bulgarian\" lang=\"bg\" hreflang=\"bg\" data-title=\"\u0413\u0438\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u0435\u0440\" data-language-autonym=\"\u0411\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\" data-language-local-name=\"Bulgarian\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>\u0411\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ca.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anf%C3%B3s_lanceolat\" title=\"Anf\u00f3s lanceolat \u2013 Catalan\" lang=\"ca\" hreflang=\"ca\" data-title=\"Anf\u00f3s lanceolat\" data-language-autonym=\"Catal\u00e0\" data-language-local-name=\"Catalan\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Catal\u00e0<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ceb.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kugtong\" title=\"Kugtong \u2013 Cebuano\" lang=\"ceb\" hreflang=\"ceb\" data-title=\"Kugtong\" data-language-autonym=\"Cebuano\" data-language-local-name=\"Cebuano\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Cebuano<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cs.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kanic_obrovsk%C3%BD\" title=\"Kanic obrovsk\u00fd \u2013 Czech\" lang=\"cs\" hreflang=\"cs\" data-title=\"Kanic obrovsk\u00fd\" data-language-autonym=\"\u010ce\u0161tina\" data-language-local-name=\"Czech\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>\u010ce\u0161tina<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dunkler_Riesenzackenbarsch\" title=\"Dunkler Riesenzackenbarsch \u2013 German\" lang=\"de\" hreflang=\"de\" data-title=\"Dunkler Riesenzackenbarsch\" data-language-autonym=\"Deutsch\" data-language-local-name=\"German\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Deutsch<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Epinephelus_lanceolatus\" title=\"Epinephelus lanceolatus \u2013 Spanish\" lang=\"es\" hreflang=\"es\" data-title=\"Epinephelus lanceolatus\" data-language-autonym=\"Espa\u00f1ol\" data-language-local-name=\"Spanish\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Espa\u00f1ol<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/eu.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Epinephelus_lanceolatus\" title=\"Epinephelus lanceolatus \u2013 Basque\" lang=\"eu\" hreflang=\"eu\" data-title=\"Epinephelus lanceolatus\" data-language-autonym=\"Euskara\" data-language-local-name=\"Basque\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Euskara<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/fi.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/J%C3%A4ttimeriahven\" title=\"J\u00e4ttimeriahven \u2013 Finnish\" lang=\"fi\" hreflang=\"fi\" data-title=\"J\u00e4ttimeriahven\" data-language-autonym=\"Suomi\" data-language-local-name=\"Finnish\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Suomi<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/fj.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Avu\" title=\"Avu \u2013 Fijian\" lang=\"fj\" hreflang=\"fj\" data-title=\"Avu\" data-language-autonym=\"Na Vosa Vakaviti\" data-language-local-name=\"Fijian\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Epinephelus_lanceolatus\" title=\"Epinephelus lanceolatus \u2013 French\" lang=\"fr\" hreflang=\"fr\" data-title=\"Epinephelus lanceolatus\" data-language-autonym=\"Fran\u00e7ais\" data-language-local-name=\"French\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Fran\u00e7ais<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/he.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D7%93%D7%A7%D7%A8_%D7%A2%D7%A0%D7%A7%D7%99\" title=\"\u05d3\u05e7\u05e8 \u05e2\u05e0\u05e7\u05d9 \u2013 Hebrew\" lang=\"he\" hreflang=\"he\" data-title=\"\u05d3\u05e7\u05e8 \u05e2\u05e0\u05e7\u05d9\" data-language-autonym=\"\u05e2\u05d1\u05e8\u05d9\u05ea\" data-language-local-name=\"Hebrew\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>\u05e2\u05d1\u05e8\u05d9\u05ea<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/id.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kerapu_kertang\" title=\"Kerapu kertang \u2013 Indonesian\" lang=\"id\" hreflang=\"id\" data-title=\"Kerapu kertang\" data-language-autonym=\"Bahasa Indonesia\" data-language-local-name=\"Indonesian\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Bahasa Indonesia<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/it.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Epinephelus_lanceolatus\" title=\"Epinephelus lanceolatus \u2013 Italian\" lang=\"it\" hreflang=\"it\" data-title=\"Epinephelus lanceolatus\" data-language-autonym=\"Italiano\" data-language-local-name=\"Italian\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Italiano<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ja.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E3%82%BF%E3%83%9E%E3%82%AB%E3%82%A4\" title=\"\u30bf\u30de\u30ab\u30a4 \u2013 Japanese\" lang=\"ja\" hreflang=\"ja\" data-title=\"\u30bf\u30de\u30ab\u30a4\" data-language-autonym=\"\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\" data-language-local-name=\"Japanese\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ko.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%EB%8C%80%EC%99%95%EB%B0%94%EB%A6%AC\" title=\"\ub300\uc655\ubc14\ub9ac \u2013 Korean\" lang=\"ko\" hreflang=\"ko\" data-title=\"\ub300\uc655\ubc14\ub9ac\" data-language-autonym=\"\ud55c\uad6d\uc5b4\" data-language-local-name=\"Korean\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>\ud55c\uad6d\uc5b4<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/lb.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Epinephelus_lanceolatus\" title=\"Epinephelus lanceolatus \u2013 Luxembourgish\" lang=\"lb\" hreflang=\"lb\" data-title=\"Epinephelus lanceolatus\" data-language-autonym=\"L\u00ebtzebuergesch\" data-language-local-name=\"Luxembourgish\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>L\u00ebtzebuergesch<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ms.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kerapu_pertang\" title=\"Kerapu pertang \u2013 Malay\" lang=\"ms\" hreflang=\"ms\" data-title=\"Kerapu pertang\" data-language-autonym=\"Bahasa Melayu\" data-language-local-name=\"Malay\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Bahasa Melayu<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/nl.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Donkere_reuzentandbaars\" title=\"Donkere reuzentandbaars \u2013 Dutch\" lang=\"nl\" hreflang=\"nl\" data-title=\"Donkere reuzentandbaars\" data-language-autonym=\"Nederlands\" data-language-local-name=\"Dutch\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Nederlands<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/nv.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/D%C3%A1%C3%A1d%C3%ADl%C3%ADtsoh\" title=\"D\u00e1\u00e1d\u00edl\u00edtsoh \u2013 Navajo\" lang=\"nv\" hreflang=\"nv\" data-title=\"D\u00e1\u00e1d\u00edl\u00edtsoh\" data-language-autonym=\"Din\u00e9 bizaad\" data-language-local-name=\"Navajo\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Din\u00e9 bizaad<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pl.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Itajara_goliat\" title=\"Itajara goliat \u2013 Polish\" lang=\"pl\" hreflang=\"pl\" data-title=\"Itajara goliat\" data-language-autonym=\"Polski\" data-language-local-name=\"Polish\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Polski<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pt.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Garoupa-gigante\" title=\"Garoupa-gigante \u2013 Portuguese\" lang=\"pt\" hreflang=\"pt\" data-title=\"Garoupa-gigante\" data-language-autonym=\"Portugu\u00eas\" data-language-local-name=\"Portuguese\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Portugu\u00eas<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80\" title=\"\u0418\u043d\u0434\u043e\u043e\u043a\u0435\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u0435\u0440 \u2013 Russian\" lang=\"ru\" hreflang=\"ru\" data-title=\"\u0418\u043d\u0434\u043e\u043e\u043a\u0435\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u0435\u0440\" data-language-autonym=\"\u0420\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439\" data-language-local-name=\"Russian\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>\u0420\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Epinephelus_lanceolatus\" title=\"Epinephelus lanceolatus \u2013 Serbo-Croatian\" lang=\"sh\" hreflang=\"sh\" data-title=\"Epinephelus lanceolatus\" data-language-autonym=\"Srpskohrvatski \/ \u0441\u0440\u043f\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\" data-language-local-name=\"Serbo-Croatian\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Srpskohrvatski \/ \u0441\u0440\u043f\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Epinephelus_lanceolatus\" title=\"Epinephelus lanceolatus \u2013 Serbian\" lang=\"sr\" hreflang=\"sr\" data-title=\"Epinephelus lanceolatus\" data-language-autonym=\"\u0421\u0440\u043f\u0441\u043a\u0438 \/ srpski\" data-language-local-name=\"Serbian\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>\u0421\u0440\u043f\u0441\u043a\u0438 \/ srpski<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sv.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Epinephelus_lanceolatus\" title=\"Epinephelus lanceolatus \u2013 Swedish\" lang=\"sv\" hreflang=\"sv\" data-title=\"Epinephelus lanceolatus\" data-language-autonym=\"Svenska\" data-language-local-name=\"Swedish\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Svenska<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/th.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5\" title=\"\u0e1b\u0e25\u0e32\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e2d\u0e17\u0e30\u0e40\u0e25 \u2013 Thai\" lang=\"th\" hreflang=\"th\" data-title=\"\u0e1b\u0e25\u0e32\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e2d\u0e17\u0e30\u0e40\u0e25\" data-language-autonym=\"\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22\" data-language-local-name=\"Thai\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tl.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Epinephelus_lanceolatus\" title=\"Epinephelus lanceolatus \u2013 Tagalog\" lang=\"tl\" hreflang=\"tl\" data-title=\"Epinephelus lanceolatus\" data-language-autonym=\"Tagalog\" data-language-local-name=\"Tagalog\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Tagalog<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vi.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/C%C3%A1_m%C3%BA_ngh%E1%BB%87\" title=\"C\u00e1 m\u00fa ngh\u1ec7 \u2013 Vietnamese\" lang=\"vi\" hreflang=\"vi\" data-title=\"C\u00e1 m\u00fa ngh\u1ec7\" data-language-autonym=\"Ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t\" data-language-local-name=\"Vietnamese\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Epinephelus_lanceolatus\" title=\"Epinephelus lanceolatus \u2013 Minnan\" lang=\"nan\" hreflang=\"nan\" data-title=\"Epinephelus lanceolatus\" data-language-autonym=\"\u95a9\u5357\u8a9e \/ B\u00e2n-l\u00e2m-g\u00ed\" data-language-local-name=\"Minnan\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>\u95a9\u5357\u8a9e \/ B\u00e2n-l\u00e2m-g\u00ed<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/zh-yue.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E9%BE%8D%E8%BA%89\" title=\"\u9f8d\u8e89 \u2013 Cantonese\" lang=\"yue\" hreflang=\"yue\" data-title=\"\u9f8d\u8e89\" data-language-autonym=\"\u7cb5\u8a9e\" data-language-local-name=\"Cantonese\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>\u7cb5\u8a9e<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E9%9E%8D%E5%B8%B6%E7%9F%B3%E6%96%91%E9%AD%9A\" title=\"\u978d\u5e36\u77f3\u6591\u9b5a \u2013 Chinese\" lang=\"zh\" hreflang=\"zh\" data-title=\"\u978d\u5e36\u77f3\u6591\u9b5a\" data-language-autonym=\"\u4e2d\u6587\" data-language-local-name=\"Chinese\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>\u4e2d\u6587<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"after-portlet after-portlet-lang\"><span class=\"wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link\">Edit links<\/span><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/header>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-page-toolbar vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref--excluded\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-page-toolbar-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-left-navigation\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav aria-label=\"Namespaces\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-associated-pages\" class=\"vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages\"  >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-ca-nstab-main\" class=\"selected mw-list-item vector-tab-noicon\"><a data-mw-interface href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Giant_grouper\" title=\"View the content page [c]\" accesskey=\"c\" class=\" wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Article<\/span><\/a>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-ca-talk\" class=\"mw-list-item vector-tab-noicon\"><a data-mw-interface href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Talk:Giant_grouper\" rel=\"discussion\" title=\"Discuss improvements to the content page [t]\" accesskey=\"t\" class=\" wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Talk<\/span><\/a>\n<\/li>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-variants-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown emptyPortlet\"  >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"rdp-we-vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox\" aria-label=\"Change language variant\"    >\n\t<label id=\"rdp-we-vector-variants-dropdown-label\" for=\"vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet\" aria-hidden=\"true\"  ><span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">English<\/span>\n\t<\/label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-variants\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet\"  >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-right-navigation\" class=\"vector-collapsible\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav aria-label=\"Views\">\n\t\t\t    \n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-views\" class=\"vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views\"  >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-ca-view\" class=\"selected mw-list-item vector-menu-item--collapsible vector-tab-noicon\"><a data-mw-interface href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Giant_grouper\" class=\" wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>Read<\/span><\/a>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-ca-edit\" class=\"mw-list-item vector-menu-item--collapsible vector-tab-noicon\">\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-ca-history\" class=\"mw-list-item vector-menu-item--collapsible vector-tab-noicon\"><a data-mw-interface href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Giant_grouper&action=history\" title=\"Past revisions of this page [h]\" accesskey=\"h\" class=\" wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span>View history<\/span><\/a>\n<\/li>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav class=\"vector-page-tools-landmark\" aria-label=\"Page tools\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-page-tools-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown\"  >\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"rdp-we-vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox\"  aria-label=\"Tools\"   >\n\t<label id=\"rdp-we-vector-page-tools-dropdown-label\" for=\"vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only\" aria-hidden=\"true\"  ><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-verticalEllipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-verticalEllipsis cdx-button__icon\"><\/span>\n\n<span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">Tools<\/span>\n\t<\/label>\n\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-page-tools-unpinned-container\" class=\"vector-unpinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-page-tools\" class=\"vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element\">\n\t<div\n\tclass=\"vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned\"\n\tdata-feature-name=\"page-tools-pinned\"\n\tdata-pinnable-element-id=\"vector-page-tools\"\n\tdata-pinned-container-id=\"vector-page-tools-pinned-container\"\n\tdata-unpinned-container-id=\"vector-page-tools-unpinned-container\"\n>\n\t<div class=\"vector-pinnable-header-label\">Tools<\/div>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin\">move to sidebar<\/button>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin\">hide<\/button>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-cactions\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items\"  >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-heading\">\n\t\tActions\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-ca-more-view\" class=\"selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item\"><a data-mw-interface href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Giant_grouper\" class=\" wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-eye mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-eye cdx-button__icon\"><\/span>\n\n<span>Read<\/span><\/a>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-ca-more-edit\" class=\"vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item\">\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-ca-more-history\" class=\"vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item\"><a data-mw-interface href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Giant_grouper&action=history\" class=\" wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history cdx-button__icon\"><\/span>\n\n<span>View history<\/span><\/a>\n<\/li>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-tb\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb\"  >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-heading\">\n\t\tGeneral\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-t-whatlinkshere\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><span>What links here<\/span><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-t-recentchangeslinked\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><span>Related changes<\/span><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-t-upload\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard\" title=\"Upload files [u]\" accesskey=\"u\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Upload file<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-t-permalink\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Giant_grouper&oldid=1354642614\" title=\"Permanent link to this revision of this page\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Permanent link<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-t-info\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Giant_grouper&action=info\" title=\"More information about this page\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Page information<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-t-cite\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><span>Cite this page<\/span><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-t-urlshortener\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><span>Get shortened URL<\/span><\/li><li class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Giant_grouper&useparsoid=0\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Switch to legacy parser<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-coll-print_export\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export\"  >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-heading\">\n\t\tPrint\/export\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li id=\"rdp-we-coll-download-as-rl\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><span>Download as PDF<\/span><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-t-print\" class=\"mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Giant_grouper&printable=yes\" title=\"Printable version of this page [p]\" accesskey=\"p\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Printable version<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div id=\"rdp-we-p-wikibase-otherprojects\" class=\"vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects\"  >\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-heading\">\n\t\tIn other projects\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"vector-menu-content\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"vector-menu-content-list\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li class=\"wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Epinephelus_lanceolatus\" hreflang=\"en\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Wikimedia Commons<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-species mw-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/species.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Epinephelus_lanceolatus\" hreflang=\"en\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span>Wikispecies<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"rdp-we-t-wikibase\" class=\"wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item\"><span>Wikidata item<\/span><\/li>\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-column-end no-font-mode-scale\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-sticky-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wp25eastereggs-vector-sitenotice-landmark\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav class=\"vector-page-tools-landmark\" aria-label=\"Page tools\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-page-tools-pinned-container\" class=\"vector-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav class=\"vector-appearance-landmark\" aria-label=\"Appearance\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-appearance-pinned-container\" class=\"vector-pinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-appearance\" class=\"vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element\">\n\t<div\n\tclass=\"vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned\"\n\tdata-feature-name=\"appearance-pinned\"\n\tdata-pinnable-element-id=\"vector-appearance\"\n\tdata-pinned-container-id=\"vector-appearance-pinned-container\"\n\tdata-unpinned-container-id=\"vector-appearance-unpinned-container\"\n>\n\t<div class=\"vector-pinnable-header-label\">Appearance<\/div>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin\">move to sidebar<\/button>\n\t<button class=\"vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button\" data-event-name=\"pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin\">hide<\/button>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-bodyContent\" class=\"vector-body\" aria-labelledby=\"firstHeading\" data-mw-ve-target-container>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-body-before-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-mw-content-text\" class=\"mw-body-content\"><div class=\"mw-subjectpageheader\">\n<\/div><div class=\"mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" data-mw-parsoid-version=\"0.24.0.0-alpha14\" data-mw-html-version=\"2.8.0\"><section data-mw-section-id=\"0\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAQ\"><div class=\"shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux\" style=\"display:none\" about=\"#mwt1\" typeof=\"mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAg\" data-mw='{\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"Short description\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Short_description\"},\"params\":{\"1\":{\"wt\":\"Species of fish\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'>Species of fish<\/div><span class=\"mw-empty-elt\" about=\"#mwt1\"><link rel=\"mw:PageProp\/Category\" href=\".\/Category:Articles_with_short_description\"\/><link rel=\"mw:PageProp\/Category\" href=\".\/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata\"\/><\/span>\n<span class=\"mw-empty-elt\" about=\"#mwt2\" typeof=\"mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAw\" data-mw='{\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"distinguish\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Distinguish\"},\"params\":{\"1\":{\"wt\":\"Goliath grouper (disambiguation){{!}}Goliath grouper\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'><\/span><div role=\"note\" class=\"hatnote navigation-not-searchable\" about=\"#mwt2\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBA\">Not to be confused with <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Goliath_grouper_(disambiguation)\" title=\"Goliath grouper (disambiguation)\" class=\"mw-redirect mw-disambig wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Goliath grouper<\/a>.<\/div>\n<span class=\"mw-empty-elt\" about=\"#mwt4\" typeof=\"mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBQ\" data-mw='{\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"redirect\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Redirect\"},\"params\":{\"1\":{\"wt\":\"Brown spotted cod\"},\"2\":{\"wt\":\"the Southern African fish\"},\"3\":{\"wt\":\"Brown-spotted rockcod\"},\"4\":{\"wt\":\"the Persian Gulf fish\"},\"5\":{\"wt\":\"Brown spotted reef cod\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1353705441\" about=\"#mwt5\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/templatestyles\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"templatestyles\",\"attrs\":{\"src\":\"Module:Hatnote\/styles.css\"},\"body\":{\"extsrc\":\"\"}}'\/><\/span><div role=\"note\" class=\"hatnote navigation-not-searchable\" about=\"#mwt4\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBg\">\"Brown spotted cod\" redirects here. For the Southern African fish, see <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Brown-spotted_rockcod\" title=\"Brown-spotted rockcod\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Brown-spotted rockcod<\/a>. For the Persian Gulf fish, see <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Brown_spotted_reef_cod\" title=\"Brown spotted reef cod\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Brown spotted reef cod<\/a>.<\/div>\n<p about=\"#mwt7\" typeof=\"mw:Transclusion\" class=\"mw-empty-elt\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBw\" data-mw='{\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"Use dmy dates\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Use_dmy_dates\"},\"params\":{\"date\":{\"wt\":\"October 2025\"}},\"i\":0}},\"\\n\",{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"Speciesbox\\n\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Speciesbox\"},\"params\":{\"image\":{\"wt\":\"Epinephelus lanceolatus.jpeg\"},\"image_caption\":{\"wt\":\"Giant grouper at [[Ripley&apos;s Aquarium of Canada]]\"},\"status\":{\"wt\":\"DD\"},\"status_system\":{\"wt\":\"IUCN3.1\"},\"status_ref\":{\"wt\":\"&lt;ref name=\\\"iucn status 19 November 2021\\\">{{cite iucn |author=Fennessy, S. |author2=Pollard, D.A. |author3=Samoilys, M. |date=2018 |title=&apos;&apos;Epinephelus lanceolatus&apos;&apos; |volume=2018 |article-number=e.T7858A100465809 |doi=10.2305\/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T7858A100465809.en |access-date=19 November 2021}}&lt;\/ref>\"},\"taxon\":{\"wt\":\"Epinephelus lanceolatus\"},\"authority\":{\"wt\":\"([[Marcus Elieser Bloch|Bloch]], 1790)\"},\"synonyms\":{\"wt\":\"* &apos;&apos;Holocentrus lanceolatus&apos;&apos; &lt;small>Bloch, 1790&lt;\/small> \\n*&apos;&apos;Promicrops lanceolatus&apos;&apos; &lt;small>(Bloch, 1790)&lt;\/small> \\n*&apos;&apos;Serranus lanceolatus&apos;&apos; &lt;small>(Bloch, 1790)&lt;\/small> \\n*&apos;&apos;Serranus geographicus&apos;&apos; &lt;small>[[Achille Valenciennes|Valenciennes]], 1828&lt;\/small> \\n*&apos;&apos;Serranus abdominalis&apos;&apos; &lt;small>[[Wilhelm Peters|Peters]], 1855&lt;\/small> \\n*&apos;&apos;Batrachus gigas&apos;&apos; &lt;small>[[Albert G\u00fcnther|G\u00fcnther]], 1869&lt;\/small> \\n*&apos;&apos;Oligorus goliath&apos;&apos; &lt;small>[[Charles Walter de Vis|De Vis]], 1882&lt;\/small> \\n*&apos;&apos;Serranus phaeostigmaeus&apos;&apos; &lt;small>[[Henry Weed Fowler|Fowler]], 1907&lt;\/small> \\n*&apos;&apos;Stereolepoides thompsoni&apos;&apos; &lt;small>Fowler, 1923&lt;\/small>\"},\"synonyms_ref\":{\"wt\":\"&lt;ref name = Fishbase>{{FishBase|Epinephelus|lanceolatus|month=December|year=2019}}&lt;\/ref>\"}},\"i\":1}}]}'><link rel=\"mw:PageProp\/Category\" href=\".\/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_October_2025\"\/>\n<\/p><link rel=\"mw:PageProp\/Category\" href=\".\/Category:Articles_with_'species'_microformats\" about=\"#mwt7\"\/><span typeof=\"mw:Nowiki\" about=\"#mwt7\"><\/span>\n<p id=\"rdp-we-mwEA\">The <b id=\"rdp-we-mwEQ\">giant grouper<\/b> (<i id=\"rdp-we-mwEg\"><b id=\"rdp-we-mwEw\">Epinephelus lanceolatus<\/b><\/i>), also known as the <b id=\"rdp-we-mwFA\">Queensland groper (grouper)<\/b>, <b id=\"rdp-we-mwFQ\">brindle grouper<\/b> or <b id=\"rdp-we-mwFg\">mottled-brown sea bass<\/b>, is a species of marine <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ray-finned_fish\" title=\"Ray-finned fish\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwFw\" target=\"_new\">ray-finned fish<\/a>, a <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Grouper\" title=\"Grouper\" id=\"rdp-we-mwGA\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">grouper<\/a> from the <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Subfamily\" title=\"Subfamily\" id=\"rdp-we-mwGQ\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">subfamily<\/a> <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Epinephelinae\" title=\"Epinephelinae\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwGg\" target=\"_new\">Epinephelinae<\/a> which is part of the <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Family_(taxonomy)\" title=\"Family (taxonomy)\" id=\"rdp-we-mwGw\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">family<\/a> <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Serranidae\" title=\"Serranidae\" id=\"rdp-we-mwHA\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Serranidae<\/a>, which also includes the <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anthiinae\" title=\"Anthiinae\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwHQ\" target=\"_new\">anthias<\/a> and sea basses. It has a wide <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indo-Pacific\" title=\"Indo-Pacific\" id=\"rdp-we-mwHg\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Indo-Pacific<\/a> distribution and is one of the largest extant species of <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bony_fish\" title=\"Bony fish\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwHw\" target=\"_new\">bony fish<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<meta property=\"mw:PageProp\/toc\" id=\"rdp-we-mwIA\" data-mw='{\"autoGenerated\":true}'\/><\/section><section data-mw-section-id=\"1\" id=\"rdp-we-mwIQ\" aria-labelledby=\"Description\"><div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-Description\">Description<\/h2><\/div>\n<figure class=\"mw-default-size mw-halign-left\" typeof=\"mw:File\/Thumb\" id=\"rdp-we-mwIg\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Epinephelus_lanceolatus_young.jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwIw\" target=\"_new\"><img loading=\"lazy\" resource=\"\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Epinephelus_lanceolatus_young.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/c\/ca\/Epinephelus_lanceolatus_young.jpg\/250px-Epinephelus_lanceolatus_young.jpg\" decoding=\"async\" data-file-type=\"bitmap\" height=\"152\" width=\"250\" class=\"mw-file-element\" id=\"rdp-we-mwJA\"\/><\/a><figcaption id=\"rdp-we-mwJQ\">Juvenile coloration<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p id=\"rdp-we-mwJg\">The giant grouper has a robust body which has a <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fish_measurement\" title=\"Fish measurement\" id=\"rdp-we-mwJw\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">standard length<\/a> equivalent to 2.4 to 3.4 times its depth. The dorsal profile of the head and the intraorbital area are convex. The preopercle has a rounded corner and a finely serrated margin. The gill cover has a convex upper margin.<sup about=\"#mwt24\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-FAO_3-0\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\"FAO\"},\"body\":{\"id\":\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-FAO-3\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-FAO-3\" id=\"rdp-we-mwKA\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwKQ\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwKg\">[<\/span>3<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwKw\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> There are 11 spines and 14\u201316 soft rays in the <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dorsal_fin\" title=\"Dorsal fin\" id=\"rdp-we-mwLA\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">dorsal fin<\/a> while the <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anal_fin\" title=\"Anal fin\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwLQ\" target=\"_new\">anal fin<\/a> has 3 spines and 8 soft rays.<sup about=\"#mwt25\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-Fishbase_2-1\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\"Fishbase\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-Fishbase-2\" id=\"rdp-we-mwLg\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwLw\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwMA\">[<\/span>2<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwMQ\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> The <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Caudal_fin\" title=\"Caudal fin\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwMg\" target=\"_new\">caudal fin<\/a> is slightly rounded. There are 54 to 62 scales in its <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lateral_line\" title=\"Lateral line\" id=\"rdp-we-mwMw\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">lateral line<\/a>.<sup about=\"#mwt26\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-FAO_3-1\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\"FAO\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-FAO-3\" id=\"rdp-we-mwNA\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwNQ\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwNg\">[<\/span>3<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwNw\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> The adults are grayish-brown in colour overlain with a mottled pattern and with darker fins. The small juveniles are yellow with wide, dark irregular bars and irregular dark spots on their fins.<sup about=\"#mwt30\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-FofA_4-0\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\"FofA\"},\"body\":{\"id\":\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-FofA-4\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-FofA-4\" id=\"rdp-we-mwOA\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwOQ\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwOg\">[<\/span>4<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwOw\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> The giant grouper can grow to huge size with the maximum recorded <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fish_measurement\" title=\"Fish measurement\" id=\"rdp-we-mwPA\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">standard length<\/a> being <span about=\"#mwt19\" typeof=\"mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwPQ\" data-mw='{\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"convert\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Convert\"},\"params\":{\"1\":{\"wt\":\"270\"},\"2\":{\"wt\":\"cm\"},\"3\":{\"wt\":\"in\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'>270 centimetres (110<\/span><span typeof=\"mw:Entity\" about=\"#mwt19\">\u00a0<\/span><span about=\"#mwt19\">in)<\/span>, although they are more common around <span about=\"#mwt20\" typeof=\"mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwPg\" data-mw='{\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"convert\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Convert\"},\"params\":{\"1\":{\"wt\":\"180\"},\"2\":{\"wt\":\"cm\"},\"3\":{\"wt\":\"in\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'>180 centimetres (71<\/span><span typeof=\"mw:Entity\" about=\"#mwt20\">\u00a0<\/span><span about=\"#mwt20\">in)<\/span>, and a maximum published weight of <span about=\"#mwt21\" typeof=\"mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwPw\" data-mw='{\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"convert\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Convert\"},\"params\":{\"1\":{\"wt\":\"400\"},\"2\":{\"wt\":\"kg\"},\"3\":{\"wt\":\"lbs\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'>400 kilograms (880<\/span><span typeof=\"mw:Entity\" about=\"#mwt21\">\u00a0<\/span><span about=\"#mwt21\">lb)<\/span>.<sup about=\"#mwt31\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-Fishbase_2-2\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\"Fishbase\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-Fishbase-2\" id=\"rdp-we-mwQA\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwQQ\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwQg\">[<\/span>2<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwQw\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n<\/section><section data-mw-section-id=\"2\" id=\"rdp-we-mwRA\" aria-labelledby=\"Distribution\"><div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-Distribution\">Distribution<\/h2><\/div>\n<p id=\"rdp-we-mwRQ\">The giant grouper has a wide <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indo-Pacific\" title=\"Indo-Pacific\" id=\"rdp-we-mwRg\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Indo-Pacific<\/a> distribution, it is the most widely distributed species of grouper in the world.<sup about=\"#mwt34\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-CABI_5-0\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\"CABI\"},\"body\":{\"id\":\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-CABI-5\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-CABI-5\" id=\"rdp-we-mwRw\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwSA\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwSQ\">[<\/span>5<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwSg\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> It occurs from the <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Red_Sea\" title=\"Red Sea\" id=\"rdp-we-mwSw\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Red Sea<\/a> and the eastern coasts of Africa as far south as <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Algoa_Bay\" title=\"Algoa Bay\" id=\"rdp-we-mwTA\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Algoa Bay<\/a> in South Africa and across the Indian Ocean into the <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Western_Pacific_Ocean\" title=\"Western Pacific Ocean\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwTQ\" target=\"_new\">Western Pacific Ocean<\/a> as far east as the <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pitcairn_Islands\" title=\"Pitcairn Islands\" id=\"rdp-we-mwTg\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Pitcairn Islands<\/a> and Hawaii. They occur as far north as southern Japan and as far south as Australia.<sup about=\"#mwt35\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-iucn_status_19_November_2021_1-1\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\"iucn status 19 November 2021\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-iucn_status_19_November_2021-1\" id=\"rdp-we-mwTw\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwUA\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwUQ\">[<\/span>1<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwUg\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> In Australia it is found from <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rottnest_Island\" title=\"Rottnest Island\" id=\"rdp-we-mwUw\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Rottnest Island<\/a> in <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Western_Australia\" title=\"Western Australia\" id=\"rdp-we-mwVA\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Western Australia<\/a> north and east along the tropical coasts of Australia, including offshore reefs, and then south along the eastern coast to <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Woy_Woy,_New_South_Wales\" title=\"Woy Woy, New South Wales\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwVQ\" target=\"_new\">Woy Woy, New South Wales<\/a>. It also occurs around <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Christmas_Island\" title=\"Christmas Island\" id=\"rdp-we-mwVg\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Christmas Island<\/a> and <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cocos_(Keeling)_Island\" title=\"Cocos (Keeling) Island\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwVw\" target=\"_new\">Cocos (Keeling) Islands<\/a> and the <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Elizabeth_and_Middleton_Reefs_Marine_National_Park_Reserve\" title=\"Elizabeth and Middleton Reefs Marine National Park Reserve\" id=\"rdp-we-mwWA\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Elizabeth and Middleton Reefs Marine National Park Reserve<\/a> in the <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tasman_Sea\" title=\"Tasman Sea\" id=\"rdp-we-mwWQ\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Tasman Sea<\/a>. There have also been reports from the <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Younghusband_Peninsula\" title=\"Younghusband Peninsula\" id=\"rdp-we-mwWg\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Younghusband Peninsula<\/a> in <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/South_Australia\" title=\"South Australia\" id=\"rdp-we-mwWw\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">South Australia<\/a><sup about=\"#mwt36\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-FofA_4-1\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\"FofA\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-FofA-4\" id=\"rdp-we-mwXA\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwXQ\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwXg\">[<\/span>4<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwXw\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> and north eastern New Zealand.<sup about=\"#mwt37\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-iucn_status_19_November_2021_1-2\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\"iucn status 19 November 2021\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-iucn_status_19_November_2021-1\" id=\"rdp-we-mwYA\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwYQ\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwYg\">[<\/span>1<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwYw\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> It is absent from the <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Persian_Gulf\" title=\"Persian Gulf\" id=\"rdp-we-mwZA\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Persian Gulf<\/a><sup about=\"#mwt38\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-Fishbase_2-3\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\"Fishbase\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-Fishbase-2\" id=\"rdp-we-mwZQ\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwZg\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwZw\">[<\/span>2<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwaA\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> but it is present off the coast of Pakistan and southern Oman.<sup about=\"#mwt39\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-iucn_status_19_November_2021_1-3\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\"iucn status 19 November 2021\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-iucn_status_19_November_2021-1\" id=\"rdp-we-mwaQ\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwag\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwaw\">[<\/span>1<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwbA\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> It has been listed as a potential invasive species in the Bahamas but its presence in that region requires verification.<sup about=\"#mwt40\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-CABI_5-1\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\"CABI\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-CABI-5\" id=\"rdp-we-mwbQ\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwbg\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwbw\">[<\/span>5<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwcA\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n<\/section><section data-mw-section-id=\"3\" id=\"rdp-we-mwcQ\" aria-labelledby=\"Habitat_and_biology\"><div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-Habitat_and_biology\">Habitat and biology<\/h2><\/div>\n<p id=\"rdp-we-mwcg\">The giant grouper is a species of shallow water fish and can be found at depths of <span about=\"#mwt41\" typeof=\"mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwcw\" data-mw='{\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"convert\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Convert\"},\"params\":{\"1\":{\"wt\":\"1\"},\"2\":{\"wt\":\"to\"},\"3\":{\"wt\":\"100\"},\"4\":{\"wt\":\"m\"},\"5\":{\"wt\":\"ft\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'>1 to 100 metres (3.3 to 328.1<\/span><span typeof=\"mw:Entity\" about=\"#mwt41\">\u00a0<\/span><span about=\"#mwt41\">ft)<\/span>. It is associated with reefs and is the largest known bony fish found on reefs.<sup about=\"#mwt43\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-iucn_status_19_November_2021_1-4\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\"iucn status 19 November 2021\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-iucn_status_19_November_2021-1\" id=\"rdp-we-mwdA\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwdQ\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwdg\">[<\/span>1<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwdw\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> Large specimens have been caught from shore and in harbours.<sup about=\"#mwt44\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-FAO_3-2\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\"FAO\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-FAO-3\" id=\"rdp-we-mweA\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mweQ\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mweg\">[<\/span>3<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwew\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> They are found in caves and in wrecks while the secretive juveniles occur in reefs and are infrequently observed.<sup about=\"#mwt45\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-Fishbase_2-4\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\"Fishbase\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-Fishbase-2\" id=\"rdp-we-mwfA\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwfQ\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwfg\">[<\/span>2<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwfw\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> The adults are mainly solitary and hold <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Territoriality\" title=\"Territoriality\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwgA\" target=\"_new\">territories<\/a> on the outer reef and in lagoons. They have also been caught in turbid water over silt or mud sea beds by prawn fishermen.<sup about=\"#mwt46\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-iucn_status_19_November_2021_1-5\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\"iucn status 19 November 2021\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-iucn_status_19_November_2021-1\" id=\"rdp-we-mwgQ\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwgg\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwgw\">[<\/span>1<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwhA\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> The giant grouper is an opportunistic ambush predator which feeds on a variety of fishes, as well as small sharks &amp; batoids (rays), juvenile sea turtles, crustaceans and molluscs which are all swallowed whole.<sup about=\"#mwt49\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-DPI_6-0\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\"DPI\"},\"body\":{\"id\":\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-DPI-6\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-DPI-6\" id=\"rdp-we-mwhQ\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwhg\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwhw\">[<\/span>6<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwiA\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup about=\"#mwt50\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-7\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{},\"body\":{\"id\":\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-7\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-7\" id=\"rdp-we-mwiQ\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwig\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwiw\">[<\/span>7<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwjA\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> Fish which inhabit coral reefs and rocky areas favour <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spiny_lobster\" title=\"Spiny lobster\" id=\"rdp-we-mwjQ\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">spiny lobsters<\/a> as prey; a <span about=\"#mwt42\" typeof=\"mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwjg\" data-mw='{\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"convert\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Convert\"},\"params\":{\"1\":{\"wt\":\"177\"},\"2\":{\"wt\":\"cm\"},\"3\":{\"wt\":\"in\"},\"adj\":{\"wt\":\"on\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'>177-centimetre (70<\/span><span typeof=\"mw:Entity\" about=\"#mwt42\">\u00a0<\/span><span about=\"#mwt42\">in)<\/span> specimen taken off <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Maui\" title=\"Maui\" id=\"rdp-we-mwjw\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Maui<\/a> in Hawaii had a stomach content of two spiny lobsters and a number of crabs. Fish living in estuarine environments in South Africa were found to be feeding almost exclusively on the crab <i id=\"rdp-we-mwkA\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Scylla_serrata\" title=\"Scylla serrata\" id=\"rdp-we-mwkQ\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Scylla serrata<\/a><\/i>.<sup about=\"#mwt51\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-FAO_3-3\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\"FAO\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-FAO-3\" id=\"rdp-we-mwkg\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwkw\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwlA\">[<\/span>3<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwlQ\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> This species is normally solitary and long-lived. They are, however,  curious and frequently approach divers closely. They are not generally considered dangerous to humans but divers are advised to treat large specimens with caution and not to hand feed them<sup about=\"#mwt52\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-DPI_6-1\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\"DPI\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-DPI-6\" id=\"rdp-we-mwlg\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwlw\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwmA\">[<\/span>6<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwmQ\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> as there have been reports of large specimen attacking humans.<sup about=\"#mwt55\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-8\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{},\"body\":{\"id\":\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-8\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-8\" id=\"rdp-we-mwmg\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwmw\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwnA\">[<\/span>8<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwnQ\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n<section data-mw-section-id=\"4\" id=\"rdp-we-mwng\" aria-labelledby=\"Reproduction\"><div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"rdp-we-Reproduction\">Reproduction<\/h3><\/div>\n<p id=\"rdp-we-mwnw\">Like most groupers, giant groupers are <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Protogynous_hermaphrodites\" title=\"Protogynous hermaphrodites\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwoA\" target=\"_new\">protogynous hermaphrodites<\/a>. They spawn on a lunar cycle, with spawns lasting about 7 days. They are aggregative <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spawn_(biology)\" title=\"Spawn (biology)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwoQ\" target=\"_new\">broadcast spawners<\/a>, usually with several females per male. Studies in captive populations suggest that the dominant male and female begin the spawning event as nearly the only spawners for the first day or two, but other members of the aggregation fertilize more eggs as the event progresses, with even the most recently turned males fathering offspring.<sup about=\"#mwt58\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-Bright_9-0\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\"Bright\"},\"body\":{\"id\":\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-Bright-9\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-Bright-9\" id=\"rdp-we-mwog\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwow\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwpA\">[<\/span>9<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwpQ\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> Giant groupers are diandric protogynous hermaphrodites, meaning that although some males develop from reproductively functional females other males start to produce sperm without ever having gone through a phase as a reproductive female.<sup about=\"#mwt61\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-Palma_10-0\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\"Palma\"},\"body\":{\"id\":\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-Palma-10\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-Palma-10\" id=\"rdp-we-mwpg\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwpw\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwqA\">[<\/span>10<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwqQ\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n<\/section><\/section><section data-mw-section-id=\"5\" id=\"rdp-we-mwqg\" aria-labelledby=\"Taxonomy\"><div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-Taxonomy\">Taxonomy<\/h2><\/div>\n<p id=\"rdp-we-mwqw\">The giant grouper was first formally <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Species_description\" title=\"Species description\" id=\"rdp-we-mwrA\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">described<\/a> as <i id=\"rdp-we-mwrQ\">Holocentras lanceolatus<\/i> in 1790 by the German <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Medical_doctor\" title=\"Medical doctor\" id=\"rdp-we-mwrg\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">medical doctor<\/a> and <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Naturalist\" title=\"Naturalist\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwrw\" target=\"_new\">naturalist<\/a> <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marcus_Elieser_Bloch\" title=\"Marcus Elieser Bloch\" id=\"rdp-we-mwsA\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Marcus Elieser Bloch<\/a> (1723\u20131799) with the <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Type_locality_(biology)\" title=\"Type locality (biology)\" id=\"rdp-we-mwsQ\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">type locality<\/a> given as the <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/East_Indies\" title=\"East Indies\" id=\"rdp-we-mwsg\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">East Indies<\/a>.<sup about=\"#mwt64\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-CofF_11-0\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\"CofF\"},\"body\":{\"id\":\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-CofF-11\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-CofF-11\" id=\"rdp-we-mwsw\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwtA\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwtQ\">[<\/span>11<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwtg\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Felipe_Poey\" title=\"Felipe Poey\" id=\"rdp-we-mwtw\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Felipe Poey<\/a> assigned the giant and goliath groupers (<i id=\"rdp-we-mwuA\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Epinephelus_itajara\" title=\"Epinephelus itajara\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwuQ\" target=\"_new\">Epinephelus itajara<\/a><\/i> and <i id=\"rdp-we-mwug\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Epinephelus_quinquefasciatus\" title=\"Epinephelus quinquefasciatus\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwuw\" target=\"_new\">E. quinquefasciatus<\/a><\/i>, which was then regarded as a <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Synonym_(taxonomy)\" title=\"Synonym (taxonomy)\" id=\"rdp-we-mwvA\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">synonym<\/a> of <i id=\"rdp-we-mwvQ\">E. itajara<\/i>) to the <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Genus\" title=\"Genus\" id=\"rdp-we-mwvg\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">genus<\/a> <i id=\"rdp-we-mwvw\">Promicrops<\/i> but in 1972 this was designated as a <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Subgenus\" title=\"Subgenus\" id=\"rdp-we-mwwA\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">subgenus<\/a> of <i id=\"rdp-we-mwwQ\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Epinephelus\" title=\"Epinephelus\" id=\"rdp-we-mwwg\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Epinephelus<\/a><\/i>. However, these species are still each other's closest relatives.<sup about=\"#mwt65\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-FAO_3-4\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\"FAO\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-FAO-3\" id=\"rdp-we-mwww\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwxA\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwxQ\">[<\/span>3<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwxg\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<figure class=\"mw-default-size mw-halign-center\" typeof=\"mw:File\/Thumb\" id=\"rdp-we-mwxw\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Giant_Grouper_skeleton_on_display_at_the_American_Museum_of_Natural_History,_New_York,_New_York.jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwyA\" target=\"_new\"><img loading=\"lazy\" resource=\"\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Giant_Grouper_skeleton_on_display_at_the_American_Museum_of_Natural_History,_New_York,_New_York.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/a\/a1\/Giant_Grouper_skeleton_on_display_at_the_American_Museum_of_Natural_History%2C_New_York%2C_New_York.jpg\/250px-Giant_Grouper_skeleton_on_display_at_the_American_Museum_of_Natural_History%2C_New_York%2C_New_York.jpg\" decoding=\"async\" data-file-type=\"bitmap\" height=\"170\" width=\"250\" class=\"mw-file-element\" id=\"rdp-we-mwyQ\"\/><\/a><figcaption id=\"rdp-we-mwyg\">Giant Grouper skeleton on display at the American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<\/section><section data-mw-section-id=\"6\" id=\"rdp-we-mwyw\" aria-labelledby=\"Use\"><div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-Use\">Use<\/h2><\/div>\n<p id=\"rdp-we-mwzA\">The giant grouper is a highly valued food fish and is taken by both commercial and recreational fisheries. It is valued in Hong Kong as a live fish for the live reef food fish trade, especially smaller specimens,<sup about=\"#mwt66\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-iucn_status_19_November_2021_1-6\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\"iucn status 19 November 2021\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-iucn_status_19_November_2021-1\" id=\"rdp-we-mwzQ\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwzg\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwzw\">[<\/span>1<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mw0A\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> and its skin, gall bladder, and stomach, are used in <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traditional_Chinese_Medicine\" title=\"Traditional Chinese Medicine\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mw0Q\" target=\"_new\">Traditional Chinese Medicine<\/a>. This species is cultured in <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mariculture\" title=\"Mariculture\" id=\"rdp-we-mw0g\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">mariculture<\/a> and this practice is widespread but there is a restricted supply of juveniles, although hatcheries in Taiwan have produced captive bred juveniles, exporting some for to be grown on in other parts of South-East Asia.<sup about=\"#mwt67\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-CABI_5-2\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\"CABI\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-CABI-5\" id=\"rdp-we-mw0w\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mw1A\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mw1Q\">[<\/span>5<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mw1g\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> Many of the fish produced in <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aquaculture\" title=\"Aquaculture\" id=\"rdp-we-mw1w\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">aquaculture<\/a> are hybrids between this species and <i id=\"rdp-we-mw2A\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Epinephelus_fuscoguttatus\" title=\"Epinephelus fuscoguttatus\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mw2Q\" target=\"_new\">E. fuscoguttatus<\/a><\/i>.<sup about=\"#mwt68\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-iucn_status_19_November_2021_1-7\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\"iucn status 19 November 2021\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-iucn_status_19_November_2021-1\" id=\"rdp-we-mw2g\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mw2w\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mw3A\">[<\/span>1<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mw3Q\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n<\/section><section data-mw-section-id=\"7\" id=\"rdp-we-mw3g\" aria-labelledby=\"Cultural_references\"><div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-Cultural_references\">Cultural references<\/h2><\/div>\n<p id=\"rdp-we-mw3w\">The first fish to undergo <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chemotherapy\" title=\"Chemotherapy\" id=\"rdp-we-mw4A\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">chemotherapy<\/a> was <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bubba_(fish)\" title=\"Bubba (fish)\" id=\"rdp-we-mw4Q\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Bubba<\/a>, a giant grouper at the <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shedd_Aquarium\" title=\"Shedd Aquarium\" id=\"rdp-we-mw4g\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Shedd Aquarium<\/a> in Chicago.<sup about=\"#mwt71\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-12\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{},\"body\":{\"id\":\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-12\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-12\" id=\"rdp-we-mw4w\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mw5A\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mw5Q\">[<\/span>12<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mw5g\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n<\/section><section data-mw-section-id=\"8\" id=\"rdp-we-mw5w\" aria-labelledby=\"References\"><div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-References\">References<\/h2><\/div>\n<span class=\"mw-empty-elt\" about=\"#mwt72\" typeof=\"mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mw6A\" data-mw='{\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"Reflist\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Reflist\"},\"params\":{},\"i\":0}}]}'><\/span><div about=\"#mwt72\" id=\"rdp-we-mw6Q\">\n<div class=\"mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/references\" about=\"#mwt74\" id=\"rdp-we-mw6g\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"references\",\"attrs\":{\"group\":\"\",\"responsive\":\"1\"},\"body\":{\"extsrc\":\"\"}}'><ol class=\"mw-references references\" id=\"rdp-we-mw6w\"><li about=\"#cite_note-iucn_status_19_November_2021-1\" id=\"cite_note-iucn_status_19_November_2021-1\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"1\"><span rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mw7A\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-iucn_status_19_November_2021_1-0\" id=\"rdp-we-mw7Q\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mw7g\">1<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-iucn_status_19_November_2021_1-1\" id=\"rdp-we-mw7w\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mw8A\">2<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-iucn_status_19_November_2021_1-2\" id=\"rdp-we-mw8Q\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mw8g\">3<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-iucn_status_19_November_2021_1-3\" id=\"rdp-we-mw8w\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mw9A\">4<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-iucn_status_19_November_2021_1-4\" id=\"rdp-we-mw9Q\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mw9g\">5<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-iucn_status_19_November_2021_1-5\" id=\"rdp-we-mw9w\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mw-A\">6<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-iucn_status_19_November_2021_1-6\" id=\"rdp-we-mw-Q\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mw-g\">7<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-iucn_status_19_November_2021_1-7\" id=\"rdp-we-mw-w\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mw_A\">8<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-iucn_status_19_November_2021-1\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\"><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFFennessy,_S.Pollard,_D.A.Samoilys,_M.2018\" class=\"citation journal cs1\">Fennessy, S.; Pollard, D.A.; Samoilys, M. (2018). <a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iucnredlist.org\/species\/7858\/100465809\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mw_g\" target=\"_new\">\"<i id=\"rdp-we-mw_w\">Epinephelus lanceolatus<\/i>\"<\/a>. <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAQA\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/IUCN_Red_List\" title=\"IUCN Red List\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAQE\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">IUCN Red List of Threatened Species<\/a><\/i>. <b id=\"rdp-we-mwAQI\">2018<\/b> e.T7858A100465809. <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\" title=\"Doi (identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAQM\" target=\"_new\">doi<\/a>:<span class=\"id-lock-free\" title=\"Freely accessible\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAQQ\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2305%2FIUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T7858A100465809.en\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAQU\" target=\"_new\">10.2305\/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T7858A100465809.en<\/a><\/span><span class=\"reference-accessdate\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAQY\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAQc\">19 November<\/span> 2021<\/span>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=IUCN+Red+List+of+Threatened+Species&amp;rft.atitle=Epinephelus+lanceolatus&amp;rft.volume=2018&amp;rft.artnum=e.T7858A100465809&amp;rft.date=2018&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2305%2FIUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T7858A100465809.en&amp;rft.au=Fennessy%2C+S.&amp;rft.au=Pollard%2C+D.A.&amp;rft.au=Samoilys%2C+M.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iucnredlist.org%2Fspecies%2F7858%2F100465809&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGiant+grouper\" class=\"Z3988\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAQg\"><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li about=\"#cite_note-Fishbase-2\" id=\"cite_note-Fishbase-2\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"2\"><span rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAQk\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-Fishbase_2-0\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAQo\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAQs\">1<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-Fishbase_2-1\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAQw\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAQ0\">2<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-Fishbase_2-2\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAQ4\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAQ8\">3<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-Fishbase_2-3\" id=\"rdp-we-mwARA\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwARE\">4<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-Fishbase_2-4\" id=\"rdp-we-mwARI\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwARM\">5<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-Fishbase-2\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" about=\"#mwt14\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/templatestyles\" id=\"rdp-we-mwARQ\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"templatestyles\",\"attrs\":{\"src\":\"Module:Citation\/CS1\/styles.css\"},\"body\":{\"extsrc\":\"\"}}'\/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFFroesePauly\" class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rainer_Froese\" title=\"Rainer Froese\" id=\"rdp-we-mwARU\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Froese, Rainer<\/a>; <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Daniel_Pauly\" title=\"Daniel Pauly\" id=\"rdp-we-mwARY\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Pauly, Daniel<\/a> (eds.). <a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fishbase.org\/summary\/SpeciesSummary.php?genusname=Epinephelus&speciesname=lanceolatus\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwARc\" target=\"_new\">\"<i id=\"rdp-we-mwARg\">Epinephelus lanceolatus<\/i>\"<\/a>. <i id=\"rdp-we-mwARk\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/FishBase\" title=\"FishBase\" id=\"rdp-we-mwARo\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">FishBase<\/a><\/i>. December 2019 version.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=FishBase&amp;rft.atitle=Epinephelus+lanceolatus&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fishbase.org%2Fsummary%2FSpeciesSummary.php%3Fgenusname%3DEpinephelus%26speciesname%3Dlanceolatus&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGiant+grouper\" class=\"Z3988\" id=\"rdp-we-mwARs\"><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li about=\"#cite_note-FAO-3\" id=\"cite_note-FAO-3\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"3\"><span rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mwARw\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-FAO_3-0\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAR0\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAR4\">1<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-FAO_3-1\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAR8\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwASA\">2<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-FAO_3-2\" id=\"rdp-we-mwASE\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwASI\">3<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-FAO_3-3\" id=\"rdp-we-mwASM\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwASQ\">4<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-FAO_3-4\" id=\"rdp-we-mwASU\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwASY\">5<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-FAO-3\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" about=\"#mwt22\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/templatestyles mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwASc\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"templatestyles\",\"attrs\":{\"src\":\"Module:Citation\/CS1\/styles.css\"},\"body\":{\"extsrc\":\"\"},\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"cite book \",\"href\":\".\/Template:Cite_book\"},\"params\":{\"author1\":{\"wt\":\"Heemstra, P.C.\"},\"author2\":{\"wt\":\"J.E. Randall\"},\"name-list-style\":{\"wt\":\"amp\"},\"year\":{\"wt\":\"1993\"},\"title\":{\"wt\":\"FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rock-cod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date\"},\"publisher\":{\"wt\":\"FAO, Rome\"},\"series\":{\"wt\":\"FAO Fish. Synopsis\"},\"volume\":{\"wt\":\"125\"},\"issue\":{\"wt\":\"16\"},\"pages\":{\"wt\":\"174\u2013175\"},\"url\":{\"wt\":\"https:\/\/www.fao.org\/3\/t0540e\/t0540e26.pdf\"},\"isbn\":{\"wt\":\"92-5-103125-8\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'\/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFHeemstra,_P.C.J.E._Randall1993\" class=\"citation book cs1\" about=\"#mwt22\">Heemstra, P.C. &amp; J.E. Randall (1993). <a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fao.org\/3\/t0540e\/t0540e26.pdf\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwASg\" target=\"_new\"><i id=\"rdp-we-mwASk\">FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rock-cod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date<\/i><\/a> <span class=\"cs1-format\" id=\"rdp-we-mwASo\">(PDF)<\/span>. FAO Fish. Synopsis. Vol.<span typeof=\"mw:Entity\" id=\"rdp-we-mwASs\">\u00a0<\/span>125. FAO, Rome. pp.<span typeof=\"mw:Entity\" id=\"rdp-we-mwASw\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"nowrap\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAS0\">174\u2013<\/span>175. <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\" title=\"ISBN (identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAS4\" target=\"_new\">ISBN<\/a><span typeof=\"mw:Entity\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAS8\">\u00a0<\/span><bdi id=\"rdp-we-mwATE\">92-5-103125-8<\/bdi>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=FAO+Species+Catalogue.+Vol.+16.+Groupers+of+the+world+%28family+Serranidae%2C+subfamily+Epinephelinae%29.+An+annotated+and+illustrated+catalogue+of+the+grouper%2C+rock-cod%2C+hind%2C+coral+grouper+and+lyretail+species+known+to+date&amp;rft.series=FAO+Fish.+Synopsis&amp;rft.pages=174-175&amp;rft.pub=FAO%2C+Rome&amp;rft.date=1993&amp;rft.isbn=92-5-103125-8&amp;rft.au=Heemstra%2C+P.C.&amp;rft.au=J.E.+Randall&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fao.org%2F3%2Ft0540e%2Ft0540e26.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGiant+grouper\" class=\"Z3988\" about=\"#mwt22\" id=\"rdp-we-mwATI\"><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li about=\"#cite_note-FofA-4\" id=\"cite_note-FofA-4\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"4\"><span rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mwATM\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-FofA_4-0\" id=\"rdp-we-mwATQ\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwATU\">1<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-FofA_4-1\" id=\"rdp-we-mwATY\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwATc\">2<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-FofA-4\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" about=\"#mwt27\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/templatestyles mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwATg\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"templatestyles\",\"attrs\":{\"src\":\"Module:Citation\/CS1\/styles.css\"},\"body\":{\"extsrc\":\"\"},\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"cite web \",\"href\":\".\/Template:Cite_web\"},\"params\":{\"author\":{\"wt\":\"Bray, D.J.\"},\"year\":{\"wt\":\"2019\"},\"title\":{\"wt\":\"&apos;&apos;Epinephelus lanceolatus&apos;&apos;\"},\"work\":{\"wt\":\"Fishes of Australia\"},\"access-date\":{\"wt\":\"9 July 2020\"},\"url\":{\"wt\":\"http:\/\/136.154.202.208\/home\/species\/4672\"},\"publisher\":{\"wt\":\"Museums Victoria\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'\/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFBray,_D.J.2019\" class=\"citation web cs1\" about=\"#mwt27\">Bray, D.J. (2019). <a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"http:\/\/136.154.202.208\/home\/species\/4672\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwATk\" target=\"_new\">\"<i id=\"rdp-we-mwATo\">Epinephelus lanceolatus<\/i>\"<\/a>. <i id=\"rdp-we-mwATs\">Fishes of Australia<\/i>. Museums Victoria<span class=\"reference-accessdate\" id=\"rdp-we-mwATw\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAT0\">9 July<\/span> 2020<\/span>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Fishes+of+Australia&amp;rft.atitle=Epinephelus+lanceolatus&amp;rft.date=2019&amp;rft.au=Bray%2C+D.J.&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F136.154.202.208%2Fhome%2Fspecies%2F4672&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGiant+grouper\" class=\"Z3988\" about=\"#mwt27\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAT4\"><\/span><link rel=\"mw:PageProp\/Category\" href=\".\/Category:All_articles_with_dead_external_links\" about=\"#mwt29\" typeof=\"mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAT8\" data-mw='{\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"Dead link\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Dead_link\"},\"params\":{\"date\":{\"wt\":\"November 2025\"},\"bot\":{\"wt\":\"InternetArchiveBot\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'\/><link rel=\"mw:PageProp\/Category\" href=\".\/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_November_2025\" about=\"#mwt29\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAUA\"\/><sup class=\"noprint Inline-Template\" about=\"#mwt29\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAUE\"><span style=\"white-space: nowrap;\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAUI\"><span typeof=\"mw:Entity\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAUM\">[<\/span><i id=\"rdp-we-mwAUQ\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Link_rot\" title=\"Wikipedia:Link rot\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAUU\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span title=\"\u00a0Dead link tagged November 2025\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAUY\">dead link<\/span><\/a><\/i><span typeof=\"mw:Entity\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAUc\">]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/li>\n<li about=\"#cite_note-CABI-5\" id=\"cite_note-CABI-5\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"5\"><span rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAUg\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-CABI_5-0\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAUk\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAUo\">1<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-CABI_5-1\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAUs\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAUw\">2<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-CABI_5-2\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAU0\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAU4\">3<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-CABI-5\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" about=\"#mwt32\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/templatestyles mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAU8\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"templatestyles\",\"attrs\":{\"src\":\"Module:Citation\/CS1\/styles.css\"},\"body\":{\"extsrc\":\"\"},\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"cite journal \",\"href\":\".\/Template:Cite_journal\"},\"params\":{\"url\":{\"wt\":\"https:\/\/www.cabi.org\/isc\/datasheet\/83923#tosummaryOfInvasiveness\"},\"title\":{\"wt\":\"Epinephelus lanceolatus (giant grouper)\"},\"date\":{\"wt\":\"2019\"},\"access-date\":{\"wt\":\"9 July 2020\"},\"publisher\":{\"wt\":\"CAB International\"},\"doi\":{\"wt\":\"10.1079\/cabicompendium.83923\"},\"last1\":{\"wt\":\"Rimmer\"},\"first1\":{\"wt\":\"Mike\"},\"journal\":{\"wt\":\"CABI Compendium\"},\"volume\":{\"wt\":\"CABI Compendium\"},\"doi-access\":{\"wt\":\"free\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'\/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFRimmer2019\" class=\"citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol\" about=\"#mwt32\">Rimmer, Mike (2019). <a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cabi.org\/isc\/datasheet\/83923#tosummaryOfInvasiveness\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAVA\" target=\"_new\">\"Epinephelus lanceolatus (giant grouper)\"<\/a>. <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAVE\">CABI Compendium<\/i>. CABI Compendium. CAB International. <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\" title=\"Doi (identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAVI\" target=\"_new\">doi<\/a>:<span class=\"id-lock-free\" title=\"Freely accessible\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAVM\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1079%2Fcabicompendium.83923\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAVQ\" target=\"_new\">10.1079\/cabicompendium.83923<\/a><\/span><span class=\"reference-accessdate\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAVU\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAVY\">9 July<\/span> 2020<\/span>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=CABI+Compendium&amp;rft.atitle=Epinephelus+lanceolatus+%28giant+grouper%29&amp;rft.volume=CABI+Compendium&amp;rft.date=2019&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1079%2Fcabicompendium.83923&amp;rft.aulast=Rimmer&amp;rft.aufirst=Mike&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cabi.org%2Fisc%2Fdatasheet%2F83923%23tosummaryOfInvasiveness&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGiant+grouper\" class=\"Z3988\" about=\"#mwt32\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAVc\"><\/span><link rel=\"mw:PageProp\/Category\" href=\".\/Category:CS1:_long_volume_value\" about=\"#mwt32\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAVg\"\/><\/span><\/li>\n<li about=\"#cite_note-DPI-6\" id=\"cite_note-DPI-6\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"6\"><span rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAVk\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-DPI_6-0\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAVo\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAVs\">1<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-DPI_6-1\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAVw\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAV0\">2<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-DPI-6\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" about=\"#mwt47\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/templatestyles mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAV4\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"templatestyles\",\"attrs\":{\"src\":\"Module:Citation\/CS1\/styles.css\"},\"body\":{\"extsrc\":\"\"},\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"cite web \",\"href\":\".\/Template:Cite_web\"},\"params\":{\"url\":{\"wt\":\"https:\/\/www.dpi.nsw.gov.au\/fishing\/closures\/identifying\/marine-or-estuarine-species\/giant-queensland-groper\"},\"title\":{\"wt\":\"Giant Queensland groper\"},\"website\":{\"wt\":\"Department of Primary Industries\"},\"publisher\":{\"wt\":\"State of New South Wales\"},\"access-date\":{\"wt\":\"9 July 2020\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'\/><cite class=\"citation web cs1\" about=\"#mwt47\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAV8\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dpi.nsw.gov.au\/fishing\/closures\/identifying\/marine-or-estuarine-species\/giant-queensland-groper\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAWA\" target=\"_new\">\"Giant Queensland groper\"<\/a>. <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAWE\">Department of Primary Industries<\/i>. 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Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAWM\">9 July<\/span> 2020<\/span>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Department+of+Primary+Industries&amp;rft.atitle=Giant+Queensland+groper&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dpi.nsw.gov.au%2Ffishing%2Fclosures%2Fidentifying%2Fmarine-or-estuarine-species%2Fgiant-queensland-groper&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGiant+grouper\" class=\"Z3988\" about=\"#mwt47\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAWQ\"><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li about=\"#cite_note-7\" id=\"cite_note-7\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"7\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAWU\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-7\" rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAWY\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAWc\">\u2191<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-7\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\">Craig, Matthew T, et al. Groupers of the World. CRC Press, 31 July 2024.<\/span><\/li>\n<li about=\"#cite_note-8\" id=\"cite_note-8\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"8\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAWg\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-8\" rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAWk\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAWo\">\u2191<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-8\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" about=\"#mwt53\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/templatestyles mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAWs\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"templatestyles\",\"attrs\":{\"src\":\"Module:Citation\/CS1\/styles.css\"},\"body\":{\"extsrc\":\"\"},\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"Cite web \",\"href\":\".\/Template:Cite_web\"},\"params\":{\"date\":{\"wt\":\"26 October 2002\"},\"title\":{\"wt\":\"CDNN Eco News - Did Fish Feeding Cause Shark Attack?\"},\"url\":{\"wt\":\"http:\/\/www.cdnn.info\/eco\/e020104\/e020104.html\"},\"access-date\":{\"wt\":\"23 March 2025\"},\"archive-url\":{\"wt\":\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20021026164337\/http:\/\/www.cdnn.info\/eco\/e020104\/e020104.html\"},\"archive-date\":{\"wt\":\"26 October 2002\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'\/><cite class=\"citation web cs1\" about=\"#mwt53\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAWw\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20021026164337\/http:\/\/www.cdnn.info\/eco\/e020104\/e020104.html\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAW0\" target=\"_new\">\"CDNN Eco News - Did Fish Feeding Cause Shark Attack?\"<\/a>. 26 October 2002. Archived from <a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cdnn.info\/eco\/e020104\/e020104.html\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAW4\" target=\"_new\">the original<\/a> on 26 October 2002<span class=\"reference-accessdate\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAW8\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAXA\">23 March<\/span> 2025<\/span>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=CDNN+Eco+News+-+Did+Fish+Feeding+Cause+Shark+Attack%3F&amp;rft.date=2002-10-26&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdnn.info%2Feco%2Fe020104%2Fe020104.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGiant+grouper\" class=\"Z3988\" about=\"#mwt53\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAXE\"><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li about=\"#cite_note-Bright-9\" id=\"cite_note-Bright-9\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"9\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAXI\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-Bright_9-0\" rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAXM\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAXQ\">\u2191<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-Bright-9\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" about=\"#mwt56\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/templatestyles mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAXU\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"templatestyles\",\"attrs\":{\"src\":\"Module:Citation\/CS1\/styles.css\"},\"body\":{\"extsrc\":\"\"},\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"cite journal \",\"href\":\".\/Template:Cite_journal\"},\"params\":{\"last1\":{\"wt\":\"Bright\"},\"first1\":{\"wt\":\"David\"},\"last2\":{\"wt\":\"Reynolds\"},\"first2\":{\"wt\":\"Adam\"},\"last3\":{\"wt\":\"Nguyen\"},\"first3\":{\"wt\":\"Nguyen H.\"},\"last4\":{\"wt\":\"Knuckey\"},\"first4\":{\"wt\":\"Richard\"},\"last5\":{\"wt\":\"Knibb\"},\"first5\":{\"wt\":\"Wayne\"},\"last6\":{\"wt\":\"Elizur\"},\"first6\":{\"wt\":\"Abigail\"},\"display-authors\":{\"wt\":\"3\"},\"title\":{\"wt\":\"A study into parental assignment of the communal spawning protogynous hermaphrodite, giant grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus)\"},\"journal\":{\"wt\":\"Aquaculture\"},\"date\":{\"wt\":\"June 2016\"},\"volume\":{\"wt\":\"459\"},\"pages\":{\"wt\":\"19\u201325\"},\"doi\":{\"wt\":\"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2016.03.013\"},\"bibcode\":{\"wt\":\"2016Aquac.459...19B\"},\"url\":{\"wt\":\"https:\/\/zenodo.org\/record\/1232168\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'\/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFBrightReynoldsNguyenKnuckey2016\" class=\"citation journal cs1\" about=\"#mwt56\">Bright, David; Reynolds, Adam; Nguyen, Nguyen H.; et<span typeof=\"mw:Entity\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAXY\">\u00a0<\/span>al. (June 2016). <a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/zenodo.org\/record\/1232168\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAXc\" target=\"_new\">\"A study into parental assignment of the communal spawning protogynous hermaphrodite, giant grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus)\"<\/a>. <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAXg\">Aquaculture<\/i>. <b id=\"rdp-we-mwAXk\">459<\/b>: <span class=\"nowrap\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAXo\">19\u2013<\/span>25. <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\" title=\"Bibcode (identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAXs\" target=\"_new\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2016Aquac.459...19B\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAXw\" target=\"_new\">2016Aquac.459...19B<\/a>. <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\" title=\"Doi (identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAX0\" target=\"_new\">doi<\/a>:<a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.aquaculture.2016.03.013\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAX4\" target=\"_new\">10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2016.03.013<\/a>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Aquaculture&amp;rft.atitle=A+study+into+parental+assignment+of+the+communal+spawning+protogynous+hermaphrodite%2C+giant+grouper+%28Epinephelus+lanceolatus%29&amp;rft.volume=459&amp;rft.pages=19-25&amp;rft.date=2016-06&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.aquaculture.2016.03.013&amp;rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2016Aquac.459...19B&amp;rft.aulast=Bright&amp;rft.aufirst=David&amp;rft.au=Reynolds%2C+Adam&amp;rft.au=Nguyen%2C+Nguyen+H.&amp;rft.au=Knuckey%2C+Richard&amp;rft.au=Knibb%2C+Wayne&amp;rft.au=Elizur%2C+Abigail&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fzenodo.org%2Frecord%2F1232168&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGiant+grouper\" class=\"Z3988\" about=\"#mwt56\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAX8\"><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li about=\"#cite_note-Palma-10\" id=\"cite_note-Palma-10\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"10\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAYA\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-Palma_10-0\" rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAYE\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAYI\">\u2191<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-Palma-10\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" about=\"#mwt59\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/templatestyles mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAYM\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"templatestyles\",\"attrs\":{\"src\":\"Module:Citation\/CS1\/styles.css\"},\"body\":{\"extsrc\":\"\"},\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"cite journal \",\"href\":\".\/Template:Cite_journal\"},\"params\":{\"author1\":{\"wt\":\"Peter Palma\"},\"author2\":{\"wt\":\"Akihiro Takemura\"},\"author3\":{\"wt\":\"Gardel Xyza Libunaoa\"},\"author4\":{\"wt\":\"Joshua Superio\"},\"author5\":{\"wt\":\"Evelyn Grace de Jesus-Aysona\"},\"author6\":{\"wt\":\"Felix Aysona\"},\"author7\":{\"wt\":\"Josephine Nocillado\"},\"author8\":{\"wt\":\"Lachlan Dennis\"},\"author9\":{\"wt\":\"Josielou Chana Truong\"},\"author10\":{\"wt\":\"Quoc Thaid Nguyen\"},\"author11\":{\"wt\":\"Huu Ninh\"},\"author12\":{\"wt\":\"Abigail Elizur\"},\"display-authors\":{\"wt\":\"3\"},\"year\":{\"wt\":\"2019\"},\"title\":{\"wt\":\"Reproductive development of the threatened giant grouper &apos;&apos;Epinephelus lanceolatus&apos;&apos;\"},\"doi\":{\"wt\":\"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2019.05.001\"},\"journal\":{\"wt\":\"Aquaculture\"},\"volume\":{\"wt\":\"509\"},\"pages\":{\"wt\":\"1\u20137\"},\"bibcode\":{\"wt\":\"2019Aquac.509....1P\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'\/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFPeter_PalmaAkihiro_TakemuraGardel_Xyza_LibunaoaJoshua_Superio2019\" class=\"citation journal cs1\" about=\"#mwt59\">Peter Palma; Akihiro Takemura; Gardel Xyza Libunaoa; et<span typeof=\"mw:Entity\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAYQ\">\u00a0<\/span>al. (2019). \"Reproductive development of the threatened giant grouper <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAYU\">Epinephelus lanceolatus<\/i>\". <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAYY\">Aquaculture<\/i>. <b id=\"rdp-we-mwAYc\">509<\/b>: <span class=\"nowrap\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAYg\">1\u2013<\/span>7. <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\" title=\"Bibcode (identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAYk\" target=\"_new\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2019Aquac.509....1P\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAYo\" target=\"_new\">2019Aquac.509....1P<\/a>. <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\" title=\"Doi (identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAYs\" target=\"_new\">doi<\/a>:<a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.aquaculture.2019.05.001\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAYw\" target=\"_new\">10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2019.05.001<\/a>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Aquaculture&amp;rft.atitle=Reproductive+development+of+the+threatened+giant+grouper+Epinephelus+lanceolatus&amp;rft.volume=509&amp;rft.pages=1-7&amp;rft.date=2019&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.aquaculture.2019.05.001&amp;rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2019Aquac.509....1P&amp;rft.au=Peter+Palma&amp;rft.au=Akihiro+Takemura&amp;rft.au=Gardel+Xyza+Libunaoa&amp;rft.au=Joshua+Superio&amp;rft.au=Evelyn+Grace+de+Jesus-Aysona&amp;rft.au=Felix+Aysona&amp;rft.au=Josephine+Nocillado&amp;rft.au=Lachlan+Dennis&amp;rft.au=Josielou+Chana+Truong&amp;rft.au=Quoc+Thaid+Nguyen&amp;rft.au=Huu+Ninh&amp;rft.au=Abigail+Elizur&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGiant+grouper\" class=\"Z3988\" about=\"#mwt59\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAY0\"><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li about=\"#cite_note-CofF-11\" id=\"cite_note-CofF-11\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"11\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAY4\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-CofF_11-0\" rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAY8\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAZA\">\u2191<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-CofF-11\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" about=\"#mwt62\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/templatestyles mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAZE\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"templatestyles\",\"attrs\":{\"src\":\"Module:Citation\/CS1\/styles.css\"},\"body\":{\"extsrc\":\"\"},\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"Cof record \",\"href\":\".\/Template:Cof_record\"},\"params\":{\"spid\":{\"wt\":\"35907\"},\"title\":{\"wt\":\"&apos;&apos;Holocentrus lanceolatus&apos;&apos;\"},\"access-date\":{\"wt\":\"9 July 2020\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'\/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFFrickeEschmeyervan_der_Laan\" class=\"citation web cs1\" about=\"#mwt62\">Fricke, Ron; <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/William_N._Eschmeyer\" title=\"William N. Eschmeyer\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAZI\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Eschmeyer, William N.<\/a> &amp; van der Laan, Richard (eds.). <a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"http:\/\/researcharchive.calacademy.org\/research\/ichthyology\/catalog\/fishcatget.asp?spid=35907\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAZM\" target=\"_new\">\"<i id=\"rdp-we-mwAZQ\">Holocentrus lanceolatus<\/i>\"<\/a>. <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAZU\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Catalog_of_Fishes\" title=\"Catalog of Fishes\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAZY\" target=\"_new\">Catalog of Fishes<\/a><\/i>. <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/California_Academy_of_Sciences\" title=\"California Academy of Sciences\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAZc\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">California Academy of Sciences<\/a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAZg\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAZk\">9 July<\/span> 2020<\/span>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Catalog+of+Fishes&amp;rft.atitle=Holocentrus+lanceolatus&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fresearcharchive.calacademy.org%2Fresearch%2Fichthyology%2Fcatalog%2Ffishcatget.asp%3Fspid%3D35907&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGiant+grouper\" class=\"Z3988\" about=\"#mwt62\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAZo\"><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li about=\"#cite_note-12\" id=\"cite_note-12\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"12\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAZs\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-12\" rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAZw\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAZ0\">\u2191<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-12\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" about=\"#mwt69\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/templatestyles mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAZ4\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"templatestyles\",\"attrs\":{\"src\":\"Module:Citation\/CS1\/styles.css\"},\"body\":{\"extsrc\":\"\"},\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"cite news \",\"href\":\".\/Template:Cite_news\"},\"params\":{\"title\":{\"wt\":\"&apos;Bubba,&apos; Famed Cancer-surviving Grouper, R.I.P.; &apos;Overcame Some Incredible Odds&apos;\"},\"work\":{\"wt\":\"Underwatertimes.com News Service\"},\"publisher\":{\"wt\":\"Underwatertimes\"},\"date\":{\"wt\":\"24 August 2006\"},\"url\":{\"wt\":\"http:\/\/www.underwatertimes.com\/news.php?article_id=71021389645\"},\"access-date\":{\"wt\":\"27 May 2012\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'\/><cite class=\"citation news cs1\" about=\"#mwt69\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAZ8\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"http:\/\/www.underwatertimes.com\/news.php?article_id=71021389645\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAaA\" target=\"_new\">\"<span class=\"cs1-kern-left\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAaE\"><\/span>'Bubba,' Famed Cancer-surviving Grouper, R.I.P.; 'Overcame Some Incredible Odds'<span class=\"cs1-kern-right\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAaI\"><\/span>\"<\/a>. <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAaM\">Underwatertimes.com News Service<\/i>. Underwatertimes. 24 August 2006<span class=\"reference-accessdate\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAaQ\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAaU\">27 May<\/span> 2012<\/span>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Underwatertimes.com+News+Service&amp;rft.atitle=%27Bubba%2C%27+Famed+Cancer-surviving+Grouper%2C+R.I.P.%3B+%27Overcame+Some+Incredible+Odds%27&amp;rft.date=2006-08-24&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.underwatertimes.com%2Fnews.php%3Farticle_id%3D71021389645&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGiant+grouper\" class=\"Z3988\" about=\"#mwt69\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAaY\"><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol><\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/section><section data-mw-section-id=\"9\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAac\" aria-labelledby=\"External_links\"><div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-External_links\">External links<\/h2><\/div>\n<ul id=\"rdp-we-mwAag\"><li id=\"rdp-we-mwAak\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.itis.gov\/servlet\/SingleRpt\/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=551069#null\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAao\" target=\"_new\"><i id=\"rdp-we-mwAas\">Epinephelus lanceolatus<\/i><\/a> on the <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System\" title=\"Integrated Taxonomic Information System\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAaw\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Integrated Taxonomic Information System<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-mwAa0\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/australianmuseum.net.au\/queensland-groper-epinephelus-lanceolatus-bloch-1790\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAa4\" target=\"_new\">Queensland Groper, <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAa8\">Epinephelus lanceolatus<\/i><\/a> from the <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Australian_Museum\" title=\"Australian Museum\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAbA\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Australian Museum<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-mwAbE\"><span about=\"#mwt75\" typeof=\"mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAbI\" data-mw='{\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"sealifephotos\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Sealifephotos\"},\"params\":{\"1\":{\"wt\":\"218224\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'>Photos of <\/span><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/sealifecollection.org\/taxon\/218224\" about=\"#mwt75\" class=\"external text\" target=\"_new\">Giant grouper<\/a><span about=\"#mwt75\"> in the Sealife Collection<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\n\n<div class=\"navbox-styles\" about=\"#mwt76\" typeof=\"mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAbM\" data-mw='{\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"grouper\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Grouper\"},\"params\":{},\"i\":0}}]}'><span class=\"mw-empty-elt\"><\/span><\/div><div role=\"navigation\" class=\"navbox\" aria-labelledby=\"Extant_Epinephelinae_species_(Groupers)9336\" style=\"padding:3px\" about=\"#mwt76\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAbQ\"><table class=\"nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner\" style=\"border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit\"><tbody><tr><th scope=\"col\" class=\"navbox-title\" colspan=\"2\"><span class=\"mw-empty-elt\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333133064\" about=\"#mwt79\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/templatestyles\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"templatestyles\",\"attrs\":{\"src\":\"Hlist\/styles.css\"},\"body\":{\"extsrc\":\"\"}}'\/><\/span><div id=\"rdp-we-Extant_Epinephelinae_species_(Groupers)9336\" style=\"font-size:114%;margin:0 4em\">Extant <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Grouper\" title=\"Grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Epinephelinae<\/a> species <small>(Groupers)<\/small><\/div><\/th><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><i><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alphestes\" title=\"Alphestes\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Alphestes<\/a><\/i><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><i><\/i><\/li>\n<li><i><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alphestes_immaculatus\" title=\"Alphestes immaculatus\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Alphestes immaculatus<\/a><\/i><\/li>\n<li><i><\/i><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><i><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anyperodon\" title=\"Anyperodon\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Anyperodon<\/a><\/i><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anyperodon_leucogrammicus\" title=\"Anyperodon leucogrammicus\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">slender grouper (<i>A. leucogrammicus<\/i>)<\/a><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><i><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aethaloperca_rogaa\" title=\"Aethaloperca rogaa\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Aethaloperca<\/a><\/i><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\"><i><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aethaloperca_rogaa\" title=\"Aethaloperca rogaa\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Aethaloperca rogaa<\/a><\/i><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><i><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cephalopholis\" title=\"Cephalopholis\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Cephalopholis<\/a><\/i><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Blue-Spotted_Grouper\" title=\"Blue-Spotted Grouper\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Blue-Spotted Grouper (<i>C. argus<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chocolate_hind\" title=\"Chocolate hind\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Chocolate hind (<i>C. boenak<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cephalopholis_colonus\" title=\"Cephalopholis colonus\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Pacific creole-fish (<i>C. colonus<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Graysby\" title=\"Graysby\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Graysby  (<i>C. cruentata<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bluelined_hind\" title=\"Bluelined hind\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Bluelined hind (<i>C. formosa<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Coney_fish\" title=\"Coney fish\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Coney (<i>C. fulva<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yellowfin_hind\" title=\"Yellowfin hind\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Yellowfin hind  (<i>C. hemistiktos<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Neptune_grouper\" title=\"Neptune grouper\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Neptune grouper (<i>C. igarashiensis<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cephalopholis_leopardus\" title=\"Cephalopholis leopardus\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Leopard grouper (<i>C. leopardus<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vermillion_seabass\" title=\"Vermillion seabass\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Vermillion seabass (<i>C. miniata<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cephalopholis_panamensis\" title=\"Cephalopholis panamensis\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Pacific Graysby (<i>C. panamensis<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><i><\/i><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tomato_hind\" title=\"Tomato hind\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Tomato hind (<i>C. sonnerati<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cephalopholis_spiloparaea\" title=\"Cephalopholis spiloparaea\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Strawberry grouper (<i>C. spiloparaea<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cephalopholis_taeniops\" title=\"Cephalopholis taeniops\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Blue Spotted Sea Bass | (<i>C. taeniops<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><i><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chromileptes\" title=\"Chromileptes\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Chromileptes<\/a><\/i><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Humpback_grouper\" title=\"Humpback grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Humpback grouper (<i>C. altivelis<\/i>)<\/a><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><i><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dermatolepis\" title=\"Dermatolepis\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Dermatolepis<\/a><\/i><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marbled_grouper\" title=\"Marbled grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">marbled grouper (<i>D. inermis<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Smooth_grouper\" title=\"Smooth grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">smooth grouper (<i>D.  striolata<\/i>)<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><i><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Epinephelus\" title=\"Epinephelus\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Epinephelus<\/a><\/i><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Areolate_grouper\" title=\"Areolate grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Areolate grouper (<i>E. areolatus<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atlantic_goliath_grouper\" title=\"Atlantic goliath grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Atlantic goliath grouper (<i>E. itajara<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Epinephelus_amblycephalus\" title=\"Epinephelus amblycephalus\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Banded grouper (<i>E. amblycephalus<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Blacktip_grouper\" title=\"Blacktip grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Blacktip grouper (<i>E. fasciatus<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Blue_and_yellow_grouper\" title=\"Blue and yellow grouper\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Blue and yellow grouper (<i>E. flavocaeruleus<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Brown-marbled_grouper\" title=\"Brown-marbled grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Brown-marbled grouper (<i>E. fuscoguttatus<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Brownspotted_grouper\" title=\"Brownspotted grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Brownspotted grouper (<i>E. chlorostigma<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Camouflage_grouper\" title=\"Camouflage grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Camouflage grouper (<i>E. polyphekadion<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Catface_grouper\" title=\"Catface grouper\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Catface grouper (<i>E. andersoni<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Comet_grouper\" title=\"Comet grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Comet grouper (<i>E. morrhua<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Coral_grouper\" title=\"Coral grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Coral grouper (<i>E. corallicola<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dotted_grouper\" title=\"Dotted grouper\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Dotted grouper (<i>E. epistictus<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dusky_grouper\" title=\"Dusky grouper\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Dusky grouper (<i>E. marginatus<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Epinephelus_stoliczkae\" title=\"Epinephelus stoliczkae\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Epaulet grouper (<i>E. stoliczkae<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foursaddle_grouper\" title=\"Foursaddle grouper\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Foursaddle grouper (<i>E. spilotoceps<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Giant_grouper\" class=\"mw-selflink selflink wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Giant grouper (<i>E. lanceolatus<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Greasy_grouper\" title=\"Greasy grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Greasy grouper (<i>E. tauvina<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Honeycomb_grouper\" title=\"Honeycomb grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Honeycomb grouper (<i>E. merra<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hong_Kong_grouper\" title=\"Hong Kong grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Hong Kong grouper (<i>E. akaara<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Longfin_grouper\" title=\"Longfin grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Longfin grouper (<i>E. quoyanus<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Longtooth_grouper\" title=\"Longtooth grouper\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Longtooth grouper (<i>E. bruneus<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Malabar_grouper\" title=\"Malabar grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Malabar grouper (<i>E. malabaricus<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marquesan_grouper\" title=\"Marquesan grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Marquesan grouper (<i>E. irroratus<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nassau_grouper\" title=\"Nassau grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Nassau grouper (<i>E. striatus<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Orange-spotted_grouper\" title=\"Orange-spotted grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Orange-spotted grouper (<i>E. coioides<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pacific_Goliath_grouper\" title=\"Pacific Goliath grouper\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Pacific Goliath grouper (<i>E. quinquefasciatus<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Potato_grouper\" title=\"Potato grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Potato grouper (<i>E. tukula<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Red_grouper\" title=\"Red grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Red grouper (<i>E. morio<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Red_hind\" title=\"Red hind\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Red hind (<i>E. guttatus<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Saddletail_grouper\" title=\"Saddletail grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Saddletail grouper (<i>E. daemelii<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Speckled_hind\" title=\"Speckled hind\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Speckled hind (<i>E. drummondhayi<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spotted_grouper\" title=\"Spotted grouper\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Spotted grouper (<i>E. analogus<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Epinephelus_labriformis\" title=\"Epinephelus labriformis\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Starry grouper (<i>E. labriformis<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Summan_grouper\" title=\"Summan grouper\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Summan grouper (<i>E. summana<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wavy-lined_grouper\" title=\"Wavy-lined grouper\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Wavy-lined grouper (<i>E. undulosus<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/White_grouper\" title=\"White grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">White grouper (<i>E. aeneus<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/White-edged_grouper\" title=\"White-edged grouper\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">White-edged grouper (<i>E. albomarginatus<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Whitespotted_grouper\" title=\"Whitespotted grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Whitespotted grouper (<i>E. coeruleopunctatus<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/White-streaked_grouper\" title=\"White-streaked grouper\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">White-streaked grouper (<i>E. ongus<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yellow_grouper\" title=\"Yellow grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Yellow grouper (<i>E. awoara<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><i><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gonioplectrus\" title=\"Gonioplectrus\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Gonioplectrus<\/a><\/i><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gonioplectrus_hispanus\" title=\"Gonioplectrus hispanus\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Spanish flag (G. hispanus)<\/a><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><i><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gracila\" title=\"Gracila\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Gracila<\/a><\/i><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gracila_albomarginata\" title=\"Gracila albomarginata\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Masked Grouper (G. albomarginata)<\/a><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><i><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hyporthodus\" title=\"Hyporthodus\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Hyporthodus<\/a><\/i><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><i><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hyporthodus_acanthistius\" title=\"Hyporthodus acanthistius\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Hyporthodus acanthistius<\/a><\/i> (<a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rooster_hind\" title=\"Rooster hind\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Rooster hind<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li><i><\/i> ()<\/li>\n<li><i><\/i> ()<\/li>\n<li><i><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hyporthodus_exsul\" title=\"Hyporthodus exsul\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Hyporthodus exsul<\/a><\/i> (<a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tenspine_grouper\" title=\"Tenspine grouper\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Tenspine grouper<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li><i><\/i> (<a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yellowedge_grouper\" title=\"Yellowedge grouper\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Yellowedge grouper<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li><i><\/i> ()<\/li>\n<li><i><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hyporthodus_mystacinus\" title=\"Hyporthodus mystacinus\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Hyporthodus mystacinus<\/a><\/i> (<a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Misty_grouper\" title=\"Misty grouper\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Misty grouper<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li><i><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hyporthodus_nigritus\" title=\"Hyporthodus nigritus\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Hyporthodus nigritus<\/a><\/i> (<a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Warsaw_grouper\" title=\"Warsaw grouper\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Warsaw grouper<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li><i><\/i> ()<\/li>\n<li><i><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hyporthodus_niveatus\" title=\"Hyporthodus niveatus\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Hyporthodus niveatus<\/a><\/i> (<a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Snowy_grouper\" title=\"Snowy grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Snowy grouper<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li><i><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hyporthodus_octofasciatus\" title=\"Hyporthodus octofasciatus\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Hyporthodus octofasciatus<\/a><\/i> ()<\/li>\n<li><i><\/i> ()<\/li>\n<li><i><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hyporthodus_quernus\" title=\"Hyporthodus quernus\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Hyporthodus quernus<\/a><\/i> (<a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hawaiian_grouper\" title=\"Hawaiian grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Hawaiian grouper<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li><i><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hyporthodus_septemfasciatus\" title=\"Hyporthodus septemfasciatus\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Hyporthodus septemfasciatus<\/a><\/i> (<a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Convict_grouper\" title=\"Convict grouper\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Convict grouper<\/a>)<\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><i><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mycteroperca\" title=\"Mycteroperca\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Mycteroperca<\/a><\/i><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Black_grouper\" title=\"Black grouper\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Black grouper (<i>M. bonaci<\/i>) <\/a><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Venezuelan_grouper\" title=\"Venezuelan grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Venezuelan grouper (<i>M. cidi<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gulf_grouper\" title=\"Gulf grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Gulf grouper (<i>M. jordani<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mycteroperca_microlepis\" title=\"Mycteroperca microlepis\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Gag grouper (<i>M. microlepis<\/i>) <\/a><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sailfin_grouper\" title=\"Sailfin grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Sailfin grouper (<i>M. olfax<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sawtail_grouper\" title=\"Sawtail grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Sawtail grouper (<i>M. prionura<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mycteroperca_rosacea\" title=\"Mycteroperca rosacea\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Leopard grouper (<i>M. rosacea<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mottled_grouper\" title=\"Mottled grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Mottled grouper (<i>M. rubra<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tiger_grouper\" title=\"Tiger grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Tiger grouper (<i>M. tigris<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Broomtail_grouper\" title=\"Broomtail grouper\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Broomtail grouper (<i>M. xenarcha<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yellowfin_grouper\" title=\"Yellowfin grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Yellowfin grouper (<i>M. venenosa<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Scamp_grouper\" title=\"Scamp grouper\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Scamp grouper (<i>M. phenax<\/i>)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yellowmouth_grouper\" title=\"Yellowmouth grouper\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Yellowmouth grouper (<i>M. interstitialis<\/i>)<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><i><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Paranthias\" title=\"Paranthias\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Paranthias<\/a><\/i><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><i><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Plectropomus\" title=\"Plectropomus\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Plectropomus<\/a><\/i><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><i><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Plectropomus_areolatus\" title=\"Plectropomus areolatus\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Plectropomus areolatus<\/a><\/i><\/li>\n<li><i><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Plectropomus_laevis\" title=\"Plectropomus laevis\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Plectropomus laevis<\/a><\/i><\/li>\n<li><i><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Plectropomus_leopardus\" title=\"Plectropomus leopardus\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Plectropomus leopardus<\/a><\/i><\/li>\n<li><i><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Plectropomus_maculatus\" title=\"Plectropomus maculatus\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Plectropomus maculatus<\/a><\/i><\/li>\n<li><i><\/i><\/li>\n<li><i><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Plectropomus_pessuliferus\" title=\"Plectropomus pessuliferus\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Plectropomus pessuliferus<\/a><\/i><\/li>\n<li><i><\/i><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><i><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Saloptia\" title=\"Saloptia\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Saloptia<\/a><\/i><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\"><i><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Saloptia_powelli\" title=\"Saloptia powelli\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Saloptia powelli <\/a><\/i><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><i><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Triso\" title=\"Triso\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Triso<\/a><\/i><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\"><i><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Triso_dermopterus\" title=\"Triso dermopterus\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Triso dermopterus<\/a><\/i><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><i><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Variola_(fish)\" title=\"Variola (fish)\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Variola<\/a><\/i><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><i><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Variola_albimarginata\" title=\"Variola albimarginata\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Variola albimarginata<\/a><\/i><\/li>\n<li><i><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yellow-edged_lyretail\" title=\"Yellow-edged lyretail\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Variola louti<\/a><\/i><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div>\n<div class=\"navbox-styles\" about=\"#mwt81\" typeof=\"mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAbU\" data-mw='{\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"Taxonbar\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Taxonbar\"},\"params\":{\"from\":{\"wt\":\"Q847747\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'><span class=\"mw-empty-elt\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333133064\" about=\"#mwt82\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/templatestyles\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"templatestyles\",\"attrs\":{\"src\":\"Hlist\/styles.css\"},\"body\":{\"extsrc\":\"\"}}'\/><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1364279517\" about=\"#mwt83\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/templatestyles\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"templatestyles\",\"attrs\":{\"src\":\"Module:Navbox\/styles.css\"},\"body\":{\"extsrc\":\"\"}}'\/><\/span><\/div><div role=\"navigation\" class=\"navbox\" aria-labelledby=\"Taxon_identifiers3410\" style=\"padding:3px\" about=\"#mwt81\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAbY\"><table class=\"nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner\" style=\"border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit\"><tbody><tr><th scope=\"col\" class=\"navbox-title\" colspan=\"2\"><div id=\"rdp-we-Taxon_identifiers3410\" style=\"font-size:114%;margin:0 4em\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:Taxon_identifiers\" title=\"Help:Taxon identifiers\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Taxon identifiers<\/a><\/div><\/th><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%;text-align: left;\"><i>Epinephelus lanceolatus<\/i><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikidata\" title=\"Wikidata\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Wikidata<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><span class=\"external\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\/Interwiki\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q847747\" title=\"wikidata:Q847747\" class=\"extiw wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Q847747<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikispecies\" title=\"Wikispecies\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Wikispecies<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><span class=\"external\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\/Interwiki\" href=\"https:\/\/species.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Epinephelus%20lanceolatus\" title=\"wikispecies:Epinephelus lanceolatus\" class=\"extiw wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Epinephelus lanceolatus<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Animal_Diversity_Web\" title=\"Animal Diversity Web\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">ADW<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/animaldiversity.org\/accounts\/Epinephelus_lanceolatus\/\" class=\"external text\" target=\"_new\">Epinephelus_lanceolatus<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Australian_Faunal_Directory\" title=\"Australian Faunal Directory\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">AFD<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/biodiversity.org.au\/afd\/taxa\/Epinephelus_lanceolatus\" class=\"external text\" target=\"_new\">Epinephelus_lanceolatus<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Barcode_of_Life_Data_System\" title=\"Barcode of Life Data System\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">BOLD<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/bench.boldsystems.org\/index.php\/TaxBrowser_TaxonPage?taxid=11670\" class=\"external text\" target=\"_new\">11670<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Catalogue_of_Life\" title=\"Catalogue of Life\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">CoL<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.catalogueoflife.org\/data\/taxon\/6G5P2\" class=\"external text\" target=\"_new\">6G5P2<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Encyclopedia_of_Life\" title=\"Encyclopedia of Life\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">EoL<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/eol.org\/pages\/46579639\" class=\"external text\" target=\"_new\">46579639<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/FishBase\" title=\"FishBase\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">FishBase<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fishbase.ca\/summary\/6468\" class=\"external text\" target=\"_new\">6468<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility\" title=\"Global Biodiversity Information Facility\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">GBIF<\/a> (old): <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gbif.org\/species\/2388587\" class=\"external text\" target=\"_new\">2388587<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/INaturalist\" title=\"INaturalist\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">iNaturalist<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/inaturalist.org\/taxa\/100111\" class=\"external text\" target=\"_new\">100111<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera\" title=\"Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">IRMNG<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.irmng.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=10153941\" class=\"external text\" target=\"_new\">10153941<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Invasive_Species_Compendium\" title=\"Invasive Species Compendium\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">ISC<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cabi.org\/isc\/datasheet\/83923\" class=\"external text\" target=\"_new\">83923<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System\" title=\"Integrated Taxonomic Information System\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">ITIS<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.itis.gov\/servlet\/SingleRpt\/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=551069\" class=\"external text\" target=\"_new\">551069<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/IUCN_Red_List\" title=\"IUCN Red List\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">IUCN<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iucnredlist.org\/details\/7858\/0\" class=\"external text\" target=\"_new\">7858<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information\" title=\"National Center for Biotechnology Information\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">NCBI<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/datasets\/taxonomy\/310571\/\" class=\"external text\" target=\"_new\">310571<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\">NZOR: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nzor.org.nz\/names\/54ca1892-a898-4704-bbf7-2d302bb24ae3\" class=\"external text\" target=\"_new\">54ca1892-a898-4704-bbf7-2d302bb24ae3<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ocean_Biodiversity_Information_System\" title=\"Ocean Biodiversity Information System\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">OBIS<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/obis.org\/taxon\/218224\" class=\"external text\" target=\"_new\">218224<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Open_Tree_of_Life\" title=\"Open Tree of Life\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Open Tree of Life<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/tree.opentreeoflife.org\/taxonomy\/browse?id=772661\" class=\"external text\" target=\"_new\">772661<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\/Interwiki\" href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/\u81fa\u7063\u7269\u7a2e\u540d\u9304\" title=\"zh:\u81fa\u7063\u7269\u7a2e\u540d\u9304\" class=\"extiw wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">TaiCOL<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/taicol.tw\/taxon\/t0028955\" class=\"external text\" target=\"_new\">t0028955<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_Register_of_Marine_Species\" title=\"World Register of Marine Species\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">WoRMS<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=218224\" class=\"external text\" target=\"_new\">218224<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul>\n\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div>\n\n<link rel=\"mw:PageProp\/Category\" href=\".\/Category:Epinephelus#giant%20grouper\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAbc\"\/>\n<link rel=\"mw:PageProp\/Category\" href=\".\/Category:Fish_of_the_Indian_Ocean\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAbg\"\/>\n<link rel=\"mw:PageProp\/Category\" href=\".\/Category:Fish_of_the_Pacific_Ocean\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAbk\"\/>\n<link rel=\"mw:PageProp\/Category\" href=\".\/Category:Fish_of_Hawaii\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAbo\"\/>\n<link rel=\"mw:PageProp\/Category\" href=\".\/Category:Fish_described_in_1790#giant%20grouper\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAbs\"\/>\n<link rel=\"mw:PageProp\/Category\" href=\".\/Category:Taxa_named_by_Marcus_Elieser_Bloch\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAbw\"\/><\/section>\n<!-- \nNewPP limit report\nParsed by mw\u2010web.codfw.main\u201054964d99bb\u2010xqmgw\nCached time: 20260715231415\nCache expiry: 2592000\nCache expiry source: Module:Citation\/CS1 (os.date(%Y))\nReduced expiry: false\nComplications: [vary\u2010revision\u2010sha1, show\u2010toc, use\u2010parsoid]\nCPU time usage: 1.120 seconds\nReal time 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Template:If_empty\n-->\n\n<!-- Render ID e5950ec8-80a2-11f1-b083-25880077885f -->\n\n<!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:parsoid-pcache:2205514:|#|:idhash:useParsoid=1 and timestamp 20260715231415 and revision id 1354642614. Rendering was triggered because: page_view\n -->\n\n<!-- Parsoid 0.24.0.0-alpha14 -->\n<\/div><!--\nPost\u2010processing cache key enwiki:postproc\u2010parsoid\u2010pcache:2205514:|#|:idhash:injectTOC=0!postproc=1!skin=vector\u20102022!useParsoid=1!visibleLinks=wtsingle, generated at 20260715231416\n--><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:CentralAutoLogin\/start?useformat=desktop&amp;type=1x1&amp;usesul3=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" style=\"border: none; position: absolute;\"><\/noscript>\n<div class=\"printfooter\" data-nosnippet=\"\">source:  <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Giant_grouper\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Giant_grouper<\/a><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/main>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"mw-footer-container\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div> \n<\/div> \n<div class=\"vector-header-container 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class=\"vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-sticky-header-toc vector-sticky-header-toc vector-button-flush-left\"  >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"rdp-we-vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox\" role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc\" class=\"vector-dropdown-checkbox\"  aria-label=\"Toggle the table of contents\"   >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<label id=\"rdp-we-vector-sticky-header-toc-label\" for=\"vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox\" class=\"vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only\" aria-hidden=\"true\"  ><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet cdx-button__icon\"><\/span>\n\n<span class=\"vector-dropdown-label-text\">Toggle the table of contents<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-dropdown-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container\" class=\"vector-unpinned-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary\" aria-hidden=\"true\" ><span lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"mw-page-title-main\">Giant grouper<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-sticky-header-end\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-sticky-header-icons\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#\" class=\"cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only\" id=\"rdp-we-ca-talk-sticky-header\" tabindex=\"-1\" data-event-name=\"talk-sticky-header\"><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles cdx-button__icon\"><\/span>\n\n<span><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<a href=\"#\" class=\"cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled 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cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only\" id=\"rdp-we-ca-viewsource-sticky-header\" tabindex=\"-1\" data-event-name=\"ve-edit-protected-sticky-header\"><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock cdx-button__icon\"><\/span>\n\n<span><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-sticky-header-buttons\">\n\t\t\t\t<button class=\"cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector\" id=\"rdp-we-p-lang-btn-sticky-header\" tabindex=\"-1\" data-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header\"><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language cdx-button__icon\"><\/span>\n\n<span>37 languages<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t<a href=\"#\" class=\"cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive\" id=\"rdp-we-ca-addsection-sticky-header\" tabindex=\"-1\" data-event-name=\"addsection-sticky-header\"><span class=\"vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive cdx-button__icon\"><\/span>\n\n<span>Add topic<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-sticky-header-icon-end\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-user-links\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet\" id=\"rdp-we-p-dock-bottom\">\n\t<ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<\/div><!-- #rdp-we-main -->\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\">Genus<\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Epinephelus<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\">Species<\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">lanceolatus<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":1184,"template":"","meta":[],"product_brand":[],"product_cat":[28],"product_tag":[163,164,165,166],"class_list":{"0":"post-238","1":"product","2":"type-product","3":"status-publish","4":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"product_cat-fish","7":"product_tag-brindlebass","8":"product_tag-brown-spotted-cod","9":"product_tag-bumblebee-grouper","10":"product_tag-queensland-groper","12":"first","13":"instock","14":"shipping-taxable","15":"product-type-simple"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Giant grouper - Moalboal Reef Species<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A comprehensive online checklist of reef flora and fauna known to be present in the Moalboal reef ecosystem.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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